In subsection (a), the text of 15:1424(span) (related to civil penalty) is omitted because of the restatement. The words “is liable to the United States Government for” are substituted for “shall be subject to” for consistency. The words “A separate violation occurs for” are substituted for “Such violation of a provision of section 1397 of this title, or regulations issued thereunder, shall constitute a separate violation with respect to” to eliminate unnecessary words.

In subsection (span)(2), the words “amount of a civil penalty imposed or compromised” are substituted for “amount of such penalty, when finally determined, or the amount agreed upon in compromise” to eliminate unnecessary words.

In subsection (d), the words “who are required to attend a United States district court” are omitted as surplus. The words “be served in” are substituted for “run into” for clarity.

This amends 49:30141(c)(4)(A) and 30165(a) to correct erroneous cross-references.

2015—Subsec. (a)(1). Puspan. L. 114–94, § 24110(a)(1), substituted “$21,000” for “$5,000” and “$105,000,000” for “$35,000,000”.

Subsec. (a)(3). Puspan. L. 114–94, § 24110(a)(2), substituted “$21,000” for “$5,000” and “$105,000,000” for “$35,000,000”.

2012—Subsec. (a)(1). Puspan. L. 112–141, § 32301(c), substituted “30141 through 30147, or 31137” for “or 30141 through 30147”.

Puspan. L. 112–141, § 31203(a)(1)(A), substituted “30123(a)” for “30123(d)” and “$35,000,000” for “$15,000,000”.

Subsec. (a)(3). Puspan. L. 112–141, § 31304(span)(1), substituted “Except as provided in paragraph (4), a person” for “A person”.

Puspan. L. 112–141, § 31203(a)(1)(B), substituted “$35,000,000” for “$15,000,000”.

Subsec. (a)(4). Puspan. L. 112–141, § 31304(span)(2), added par. (4).

Subsec. (c). Puspan. L. 112–141, § 31203(a)(2), amended subsec. (c) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “In determining the amount of a civil penalty or compromise, the appropriateness of the penalty or compromise to the size of the business of the person charged and the gravity of the violation shall be considered.”

2005—Subsec. (a)(2), (3). Puspan. L. 109–59, which directed amendment of section 30165(a), without specifying the title to be amended, by adding par. (2) and redesignating former par. (2) as (3), was executed to this section, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

2000—Subsec. (a). Puspan. L. 106–414 amended span and text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “A person that violates any of sections 30112, 30115, 30117–30122, 30123(d), 30125(c), 30127, 30141–30147, or 30166 of this title or a regulation prescribed under any of those sections is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not more than $1,000 for each violation. A separate violation occurs for each motor vehicle or item of motor vehicle equipment and for each failure or refusal to allow or perform an act required by any of those sections. The maximum penalty under this subsection for a related series of violations is $800,000.”

1994—Subsec. (a). Puspan. L. 103–429 substituted “any of sections 30112” for “section 30112” and inserted “any of” before “those sections” in two places.

Puspan. L. 114–94, div. B, title XXIV, § 24110(span), (c), Dec. 4, 2015, 129 Stat. 1709, provided that:

Puspan. L. 112–141, div. C, title I, § 31203(c), July 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 758, provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect on the date that is the earlier of the date on which final regulations are issued under subsection (span) [set out as a note below] or 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act [see section 3(a), (span) of Puspan. L. 112–141, set out as Effective and Termination Dates of 2012 Amendment notes under section 101 of Title 23, Highways].”

Amendment by sections 31304(span) and 32301(c) of Puspan. L. 112–141 effective Oct. 1, 2012, see section 3(a) of Puspan. L. 112–141, set out as an Effective and Termination Dates of 2012 Amendment note under section 101 of Title 23, Highways.

Amendment by Puspan. L. 103–429 effective July 5, 1994, see section 9 of Puspan. L. 103–429, set out as a note under section 321 of this title.

Puspan. L. 112–141, div. C, title I, § 31203(span), July 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 758, provided that: “Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act [see section 3(a), (span) of Puspan. L. 112–141, set out as Effective and Termination Dates of 2012 Amendment notes under section 101 of Title 23, Highways], the Secretary [of Transportation] shall issue a final rule, in accordance with the procedures of section 553 of title 5, United States Code, which provides an interpretation of the penalty factors described in section 30165(c) of title 49, United States Code.”