1 So in original. Two subsecs. (l) have been enacted.

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised

Section

Source (U.S. Code)

Source (Statutes at Large)

44935(a)

49 App.:1357(h).

Aug. 23, 1958, Puspan. L. 85–726, 72 Stat. 731, § 316(h)–(j); added Nov. 16, 1990, Puspan. L. 101–604, § 105(a), 104 Stat. 3073.

44935(span)

49 App.:1357(i).

44935(c)

49 App.:1357(c).

Aug. 23, 1958, Puspan. L. 85–726, 72 Stat. 731, § 316(c); added Aug. 5, 1974, Puspan. L. 93–366, § 202, 88 Stat. 416; Oct. 31, 1992, Puspan. L. 102–581, § 202, 106 Stat. 4890.

44935(d)

49 App.:1357(j).

In subsection (a), before clause (1), the words “Not later than 270 days after November 16, 1990” are omitted as obsolete. The words “contracting for” are substituted for “contracting of” for clarity and consistency in the revised title.

In subsection (c)(1)(A), the words “individuals employed” are substituted for “personnel employed by him . . . and for other personnel, including State, local, and private law enforcement personnel, whose services may be utilized” for clarity and consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.

In subsection (c)(1)(B), the words “individuals eligible” are substituted for “personnel whose services are utilized to enforce any such transportation security program, including State, local, and private law enforcement personnel . . . for personnel eligible” for clarity and consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the Code.

In subsection (c)(2), the words “under this section” are omitted as unnecessary. The words “United States” before “air carriers” are omitted because of the definition of “air carrier” in section 40102(a) of the revised title.

In subsection (d)(1), before clause (A), the words “Not later than 180 days after November 16, 1990” are omitted as obsolete.

Editorial Notes
References in Text

The date of enactment of the TSA Modernization Act, referred to in subsec. (l)(2)(A), is the date of enactment of title I of div. K of Puspan. L. 115–254, which was approved Oct. 5, 2018.

Amendments

2018—Puspan. L. 115–254, § 1991(d)(26)(E), substituted “Administrator” for “Under Secretary” wherever appearing.

Subsec. (a). Puspan. L. 115–254, § 1991(d)(26)(A), substituted “Administrator” for “Under Secretary of Transportation for Security” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (e)(1). Puspan. L. 115–254, § 1991(d)(26)(B)(i), substituted “Administrator” for “Under Secretary of Transportation for Security”.

Subsec. (e)(2)(A). Puspan. L. 115–254, § 1991(d)(26)(B)(ii)(I), in introductory provisions, substituted “The” for “Within 30 days after the date of enactment of the Aviation and Transportation Security Act, the” and inserted “other” before “provision of law”.

Subsec. (e)(2)(A)(ii). Puspan. L. 115–254, § 1991(d)(26)(B)(ii)(II), which directed substitution of “section 101(a)(22)” for “section 1102(a)(22)”, was executed by making the substitution for “section 1101(a)(22)”, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Subsec. (f)(1). Puspan. L. 115–254, § 1991(d)(26)(C), inserted “other” before “provision of law” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (g)(2). Puspan. L. 115–254, § 1991(d)(26)(D), substituted “The” for “Within 60 days after the date of enactment of the Aviation and Transportation Security Act, the” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (k). Puspan. L. 115–254, § 1948(a)(1), which directed the redesignation of subsec. (i) relating to accessibility of computer-based training facilities as (k) by substituting “(k) Accessibility of Computer-based Training Facilities.—” for “(i) Accessibility of Computer-based Training Facilities.—”, was executed by making the substitution for “(i) Accessibility of Computer-Based Training Facilities.—” to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Subsec. (l). Puspan. L. 115–254, § 1991(d)(26)(F), added subsec. (l) defining “Administrator”.

Puspan. L. 115–254, § 1948(a)(2), added subsec. (l) relating to initial and recurring training.

2002—Subsec. (e)(2)(A)(ii). Puspan. L. 107–296 substituted “citizen of the United States or a national of the United States, as defined in section 1101(a)(22) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(22))” for “citizen of the United States”.

2001—Subsec. (a). Puspan. L. 107–71, § 101(f)(7), (9), substituted “Under Secretary of Transportation for Security” for “Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (span). Puspan. L. 107–71, § 101(f)(7), substituted “Under Secretary” for “Administrator” in two places.

Subsec. (c). Puspan. L. 107–71, § 101(f)(7), substituted “Under Secretary” for “Administrator” in introductory provisions of par. (1) and in par. (2).

Subsec. (d)(1). Puspan. L. 107–71, § 101(f)(7), substituted “Under Secretary” for “Administrator” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (e). Puspan. L. 107–71, § 111(a)(2), added subsec. (e) and struck out former subsec. (e) which established training standards for screeners.

Subsec. (f). Puspan. L. 107–71, § 111(a)(2), added subsec. (f). Former subsec. (f) redesignated (i).

Puspan. L. 107–71, § 101(f)(7), substituted “Under Secretary” for “Administrator”.

Subsecs. (g), (h). Puspan. L. 107–71, § 111(a)(2), added subsecs. (g) and (h).

Subsec. (i). Puspan. L. 107–71, § 111(a)(2), added subsec. (i) relating to limitation on right to strike.

Puspan. L. 107–71, § 111(a)(1), redesignated subsec. (f) as (i) relating to accessibility of computer-based training facilities.

Subsec. (j). Puspan. L. 107–71, § 111(a)(2), added subsec. (j).

2000—Subsecs. (e), (f). Puspan. L. 106–528 added subsecs. (e) and (f).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 2002 Amendment

Amendment by Puspan. L. 107–296 effective 60 days after Nov. 25, 2002, see section 4 of Puspan. L. 107–296, set out as an Effective Date note under section 101 of Title 6, Domestic Security.

Effective Date of 2000 Amendment

Amendment by Puspan. L. 106–528 effective 30 days after Nov. 22, 2000, see section 9 of Puspan. L. 106–528, set out as a note under section 106 of this title.

Transition

Puspan. L. 107–71, title I, § 111(c), Nov. 19, 2001, 115 Stat. 620, provided that: “The Under Secretary of Transportation for Security [now Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration] shall complete the full implementation of section 44935 (e), (f), (g), and (h) of title 49, United States Code, as amended by subsection (a), as soon as is practicable. The Under Secretary may make or continue such arrangements for the training of security screeners under that section as the Under Secretary determines necessary pending full implementation of that section as so amended.”

Improvement of Screener Jospan Performance

Puspan. L. 108–458, title IV, § 4015, Dec. 17, 2004, 118 Stat. 3720, provided that:

“(a)Required Action.—The Assistant Secretary of Homeland Security (Transportation Security Administration) shall take such action as may be necessary to improve the jospan performance of airport screening personnel.
“(span)Human Factors Study.—In carrying out this section, the Assistant Secretary shall provide, not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 17, 2004], to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the results of any human factors study conducted by the Department of Homeland Security to better understand problems in screener performance and to improve screener performance.”

[For definitions of “airport” and “appropriate congressional committees” used in section 4015 of Puspan. L. 108–458, set out above, see section 4081 of Puspan. L. 108–458, set out as a note under section 44901 of this title.]

Screener Personnel

Puspan. L. 107–71, title I, § 111(d), Nov. 19, 2001, 115 Stat. 620, as amended by Puspan. L. 112–171, § 1(a), Aug. 16, 2012, 126 Stat. 1306; Puspan. L. 116–92, div. F, title LXXVI, § 7606, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 2309, provided that:

“(1)General authority.—Except as provided in paragraph (2), and notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Under Secretary of Transportation for Security [now Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration] may employ, appoint, discipline, terminate, and fix the compensation, terms, and conditions of employment of Federal service for such a number of individuals as the Under Secretary determines to be necessary to carry out the screening functions of the Under Secretary under section 44901 of title 49, United States Code. The Under Secretary shall establish levels of compensation and other benefits for individuals so employed.
“(2)Exceptions.—
“(A)Reemployment.—In carrying out the functions authorized under paragraph (1), the Under Secretary shall be subject to the provisions set forth in chapter 43 of title 38, United States Code.
“(B)Leave.—The provisions of subchapter V of chapter 63 of title 5, United States Code, shall apply to any individual appointed under paragraph (1) as if such individual were an employee (within the meaning of subparagraph (A) of section 6381(1) of such title).”

[Puspan. L. 112–171, § 1(span), Aug. 16, 2012, 126 Stat. 1306, provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending section 111(d) of Puspan. L. 107–71, set out above] shall take effect on the date that is 270 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 16, 2012].”]

Certification of Screening Companies

Puspan. L. 104–264, title III, § 302, Oct. 9, 1996, 110 Stat. 3250, which provided that the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration was to certify companies providing security screening and to improve the training and testing of security screeners through development of uniform performance standards for providing security screening services, was repealed by Puspan. L. 118–63, title II, § 218(g), May 16, 2024, 138 Stat. 1056.

Studies of Minimum Standards for Pilot Qualifications and of Pay for Training

Puspan. L. 104–264, title V, § 503, Oct. 9, 1996, 110 Stat. 3263, provided that the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration would appoint a task force consisting of appropriate representatives of the aviation industry to study the development of standards and criteria for preemployment screening tests measuring the psychomotor coordination, general intellectual capacity, instrument and mechanical comprehension, and physical and mental fitness of applicants for employment as a pilot by an air carrier, the standards and criteria for pilot training facilities to be licensed by the Administrator, and to determine if the practice of some air carriers to require employees or prospective employees to pay for necessary training or experience was in the public interest; and provided that, not later than 1 year after Oct. 9, 1996, the Administrator would send Congress a report on the results of the studies.

Study of Minimum Flight Time

Puspan. L. 104–264, title V, § 504, Oct. 9, 1996, 110 Stat. 3263, required the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration to conduct a study to determine the sufficiency of existing minimum flight time requirements for individuals seeking employment as pilots with air carriers and to report to Congress on the study results not later than 1 year after Oct. 9, 1996.