42 USC 674 - Payments to States

1 See References in Text note below.

of this title; or

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978, referred to in subsec. (d)(4), is Puspan. L. 95–608, Nov. 8, 1978, 92 Stat. 3069, which is classified principally to chapter 21 (§ 1901 et seq.) of Title 25, Indians. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1901 of Title 25 and Tables.

Section 677(a)(6) of this title, referred to in subsec. (e)(1), was redesignated section 677(a)(5) of this title by Puspan. L. 115–123, div. E, title VII, § 50753(d)(2)(D), Fespan. 9, 2018, 132 Stat. 265.

Amendments

2018—Subsec. (a)(1). Puspan. L. 115–123, § 50741(a)(2), substituted “subsections (j) and (k) of section 672 of this title” for “section 672(j) of this title”.

Puspan. L. 115–123, § 50712(span), inserted “subject to section 672(j) of this title,” before “an amount equal to the Federal” the first place appearing.

Subsec. (a)(5). Puspan. L. 115–123, § 50711(c)(1), substituted “; plus” for period at end.

Subsec. (a)(6). Puspan. L. 115–123, § 50713(1), substituted “; plus” for period at end.

Puspan. L. 115–123, § 50711(c)(2), added par. (6).

Subsec. (a)(7). Puspan. L. 115–123, § 50713(2), added par. (7).

2008—Subsec. (a)(1), (2). Puspan. L. 110–351, § 301(c)(2), inserted “(or, with respect to such payments made during such quarter under a cooperative agreement or contract entered into by the State and an Indian tribe, tribal organization, or tribal consortium for the administration or payment of funds under this part, an amount equal to the Federal medical assistance percentage that would apply under section 679c(d) of this title (in this paragraph referred to as the ‘tribal FMAP’) if such Indian tribe, tribal organization, or tribal consortium made such payments under a program operated under that section, unless the tribal FMAP is less than the Federal medical assistance percentage that applies to the State)” before semicolon.

Puspan. L. 110–275 substituted “(which shall be as defined in section 1396d(span) of this title, in the case of a State other than the District of Columbia, or 70 percent, in the case of the District of Columbia)” for “(as defined in section 1396d(span) of this title)”.

Subsec. (a)(3)(B). Puspan. L. 110–351, § 203(a), inserted “or relative guardians” after “adoptive parents”, substituted “, the members” for “and the members”, inserted “, or State-licensed or State-approved child welfare agencies providing services,” after “providing care”, struck out “foster and adopted” before “children receiving assistance”, inserted “and members of the staff of abuse and neglect courts, agency attorneys, attorneys representing children or parents, guardians ad litem, or other court-appointed special advocates representing children in proceedings of such courts,” after “part,”, inserted “guardians,” before “staff members,”, substituted “institutions, attorneys, and advocates” for “and institutions”, and inserted “and children living with relative guardians” before “, whether incurred directly”.

Subsec. (a)(4). Puspan. L. 110–351, § 101(c)(3)(A), substituted “; plus” for period at end.

Subsec. (a)(5). Puspan. L. 110–351, § 101(c)(3)(B), added par. (5).

Subsec. (g). Puspan. L. 110–351, § 101(d), added subsec. (g).

2006—Subsec. (a)(3). Puspan. L. 109–171 inserted “subject to section 672(i) of this title” before “an amount equal to” in introductory provisions.

2003—Subsec. (f). Puspan. L. 108–145 added subsec. (f).

2002—Subsec. (a)(4). Puspan. L. 107–133, § 201(f)(1), amended par. (4) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (4) read as follows: “the lesser of—

“(A) 80 percent of the amount (if any) by which—

“(i) the total amount expended by the State during the fiscal year in which the quarter occurs to carry out programs in accordance with the State application approved under section 677(span) of this title for the period in which the quarter occurs (including any amendment that meets the requirements of section 677(span)(5) of this title); exceeds

“(ii) the total amount of any penalties assessed against the State under section 677(e) of this title during the fiscal year in which the quarter occurs; or

“(B) the amount allotted to the State under section 677 of this title for the fiscal year in which the quarter occurs, reduced by the total of the amounts payable to the State under this paragraph for all prior quarters in the fiscal year.”

Subsec. (e). Puspan. L. 107–133, § 201(f)(2), added subsec. (e).

1999—Subsec. (a)(4). Puspan. L. 106–169 amended par. (4) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (4) read as follows: “an amount equal to the sum of—

“(A) so much of the amounts expended by such State to carry out programs under section 677 of this title as do not exceed the basic amount for such State determined under section 677(e)(1) of this title; and

“(B) the lesser of—

“(i) one-half of any additional amounts expended by such State for such programs; or

“(ii) the maximum additional amount for such State under such section 677(e)(1) of this title.”

1998—Subsec. (a). Puspan. L. 105–200, § 410(g), struck out “(subject to the limitations imposed by subsection (span) of this section)” after “this part” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (d)(1), (2). Puspan. L. 105–200, § 301(span), substituted “paragraph (18) or (23) of section 671(a) of this title” for “section 671(a)(18) of this title”.

Subsec. (e). Puspan. L. 105–200, § 301(c), struck out subsec. (e) which read as follows: “Notwithstanding subsection (a) of this section, a State shall not be eligible for any payment under this section if the Secretary finds that, after November 19, 1997, the State has—

“(1) denied or delayed the placement of a child for adoption when an approved family is available outside of the jurisdiction with responsibility for handling the case of the child; or

“(2) failed to grant an opportunity for a fair hearing, as described in section 671(a)(12) of this title, to an individual whose allegation of a violation of paragraph (1) of this subsection is denied by the State or not acted upon by the State with reasonable promptness.”

1997—Subsec. (e). Puspan. L. 105–89 added subsec. (e).

1996—Subsec. (d). Puspan. L. 104–188 added subsec. (d).

1994—Subsec. (span). Puspan. L. 103–432, § 207(a), (span)(2), redesignated subsec. (d) as (span) and struck out former subsec. (span) which related to maximum aggregate sums payable to any State and State allotments for fiscal years 1981 to 1992.

Subsec. (span)(4). Puspan. L. 103–432, § 210(a), added par. (4).

Subsec. (c). Puspan. L. 103–432, § 207(a), (span)(2), redesignated subsec. (e) as (c) and struck out former subsec. (c) which related to reimbursement for expenditures.

Subsec. (d). Puspan. L. 103–432, § 207(span)(2), redesignated subsec. (d) as (span).

Subsec. (d)(1). Puspan. L. 103–432, § 207(span)(1), substituted “subsection (a) for such quarter” for “subsections (a), (span), and (c) for such quarter” and “subsection (a)” for “the provisions of such subsections”.

Subsec. (e). Puspan. L. 103–432, § 207(span)(2), redesignated subsec. (e) as (c).

1993—Subsec. (a)(3)(B). Puspan. L. 103–66, § 13713(a)(1)(A), struck out “and” at end.

Subsec. (a)(3)(C). Puspan. L. 103–66, § 13713(span)(1), substituted “50 percent” for “75 percent” in two places in introductory provisions.

Puspan. L. 103–66, § 13713(a)(1)(C), added subpar. (C). Former subpar. (C) redesignated (E).

Subsec. (a)(3)(D), (E). Puspan. L. 103–66, § 13713(a)(1)(B), (C), added subpar. (D) and redesignated former subpar. (C) as (E).

Subsec. (e). Puspan. L. 103–66, § 13713(a)(2), added subsec. (e).

1990—Subsec. (a)(3). Puspan. L. 101–508 inserted “provision of child placement services and for the” before “proper and efficient”.

1989—Subsec. (a)(3)(B), (C). Puspan. L. 101–239, § 8006(a), added subpar. (B) and redesignated former subpar. (B) as (C).

Subsec. (a)(4). Puspan. L. 101–239, § 8002(c), amended par. (4) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (4) read as follows: “an amount for transitional independent living programs as provided in section 677 of this title.”

Subsec. (span)(1). Puspan. L. 101–239, § 10403(c)(1), amended Puspan. L. 98–617, § 4(a)(1), see 1984 Amendment note below.

Puspan. L. 101–239, § 8001(a), substituted “through 1992” for “through 1989”.

Subsec. (span)(2)(A)(iv). Puspan. L. 101–239, § 10402(a), added cl. (iv).

Subsec. (span)(2)(B). Puspan. L. 101–239, § 10403(c)(1), amended Puspan. L. 98–617, § 4(a)(1), see 1984 Amendment note below.

Puspan. L. 101–239, § 8001(a), substituted “through 1992” for “through 1989”.

Subsec. (span)(4)(B). Puspan. L. 101–239, § 10403(c)(1), amended Puspan. L. 98–617, § 4(a)(1), see 1984 Amendment note below.

Puspan. L. 101–239, § 8001(a), substituted “through 1992” for “through 1989”.

Subsec. (span)(5)(A). Puspan. L. 101–239, § 8001(a), substituted “1992” for “1989” in introductory provisions and in cl. (ii).

Subsec. (c)(1), (2). Puspan. L. 101–239, § 8001(a), substituted “through 1992” for “through 1989”.

Subsec. (c)(4)(B), (C). Puspan. L. 101–239, § 10401(a), substituted “$325,000,000” for “$266,000,000”.

1987—Subsec. (span)(1), (2)(A)(iii), (B), (4)(B). Puspan. L. 100–203, § 9132(a)(1), substituted “through 1989” for “through 1987”.

Subsec. (span)(5)(A). Puspan. L. 100–203, § 9132(a)(1), (2), substituted “October 1, 1989” for “October 1, 1987” in introductory provisions and “through 1989” for “through 1987” in cl. (ii).

Subsec. (c)(1), (2). Puspan. L. 100–203, § 9132(a)(3), substituted “through 1989” for “through 1987”.

1986—Subsec. (a)(3). Puspan. L. 99–272, § 12307(c)(1), substituted “; plus” for period at end.

Subsec. (a)(4). Puspan. L. 99–514 realigned margins of par. (4).

Puspan. L. 99–272, § 12307(c)(2), added par. (4).

Subsec. (span)(1). Puspan. L. 99–272, § 12306(a)(1), substituted “1987” for “1985”.

Subsec. (span)(2)(A). Puspan. L. 99–272, § 12306(a)(2), substituted in cl. (iii) “each of the fiscal years 1983 through 1987” for “fiscal year 1983”, and struck out cls. (iv) and (v) relating to limitations with respect to fiscal years 1984 and 1985, respectively, if the appropriation for each of those years is equal to $266,000,000.

Subsec. (span)(2)(B), (4)(B). Puspan. L. 99–272, § 12306(a)(1), substituted “1987” for “1985”.

Subsec. (span)(5)(A). Puspan. L. 99–272, § 12306(a)(3), substituted “October 1, 1987” for “October 1, 1985” in introductory provision, and in cl. (ii) substituted “1984 through 1987” for “1984 and 1985”.

Subsec. (c)(1), (2). Puspan. L. 99–272, § 12306(span), substituted “1987” for “1985”.

1984—Subsec. (span)(1). Puspan. L. 98–617, § 4(a)(1)(A), formerly § 4(a)(1), as redesignated and amended by Puspan. L. 101–239, § 10403(c)(1), substituted “1985” for “1984” after “1981 through”.

Subsec. (span)(2)(A)(v). Puspan. L. 98–617, § 4(a)(2), added cl. (v).

Subsec. (span)(2)(B). Puspan. L. 98–617, § 4(a)(1)(B), formerly § 4(a)(1), as redesignated and amended by Puspan. L. 101–239, § 10403(c)(1), substituted “1981 through 1985” for “1982 through 1984”.

Subsec. (span)(4)(A). Puspan. L. 98–369, § 2663(c)(18)(A), substituted “subparagraph (C)” for “subparagraph (c)”.

Subsec. (span)(4)(B). Puspan. L. 98–617, § 4(a)(1)(A), formerly § 4(a)(1), as redesignated and amended by Puspan. L. 101–239, § 10403(c)(1), substituted “1985” for “1984” after “1981 through”.

Subsec. (span)(5)(A). Puspan. L. 98–617, § 4(a)(3)(A), substituted “October 1, 1985” for “October 1, 1984”.

Subsec. (span)(5)(A)(ii). Puspan. L. 98–617, § 4(a)(3)(B), substituted “each of fiscal years 1984 and 1985” for “fiscal year 1984”.

Subsec. (c)(1), (2). Puspan. L. 98–617, § 4(span), substituted “1985” for “1984” after “1981 through”.

Puspan. L. 98–369, § 2663(c)(18)(B), substituted “relevant” for “relvant”.

Subsec. (d)(1). Puspan. L. 98–369, § 2663(c)(18)(C), substituted “and (C) such” for “and (c) such” and “Secretary may find” for “secretary may find”.

1980—Subsec. (d). Puspan. L. 96–611 added subsec. (d).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2019 Amendment

Puspan. L. 116–94, div. N, title I, § 602(g), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 3123, provided that: “This section [enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and section 1305 of this title, and amending provisions set out as a note under section 1305 of this title] and the amendments made by this section shall take effect as if included in the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 [Puspan. L. 115–123] on the date of the enactment of such Act [Fespan. 9, 2018].”

Effective Date of 2018 Amendment

Amendment by sections 50711(c), 50712(span), and 50713 of Puspan. L. 115–123 effective Oct. 1, 2018, subject to transition rules for required State legislation or tribal action, see section 50734 of Puspan. L. 115–123, set out as a note under section 622 of this title.

Amendment by section 50741(a)(2) of Puspan. L. 115–123 effective Oct. 1, 2019, with State option to delay effective date for not more than 2 years and subject to State waiver provisions, see section 50746 of Puspan. L. 115–123, set out as a note under section 622 of this title.

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Amendment by section 301(c)(2) of Puspan. L. 110–351 effective Oct. 1, 2009, without regard to whether implementing regulations have been promulgated, see section 301(f) of Puspan. L. 110–351, set out as a note under section 671 of this title.

Amendment by Puspan. L. 110–351 effective Oct. 7, 2008, except as otherwise provided, and applicable to payments under this part and part B of this subchapter for quarters beginning on or after effective date of amendment, with delay permitted if State legislation is required to meet additional requirements, see section 601 of Puspan. L. 110–351, set out as a note under section 671 of this title.

Puspan. L. 110–275, title III, § 302(span), July 15, 2008, 122 Stat. 2594, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect on October 1, 2008, and shall apply to calendar quarters beginning on or after that date.”

Effective Date of 2006 Amendment

Amendment by Puspan. L. 109–171 effective as if enacted on Oct. 1, 2005, except as otherwise provided, see section 7701 of Puspan. L. 109–171, set out as a note under section 603 of this title.

Effective Date of 2003 Amendment

Amendment by Puspan. L. 108–145 effective Oct. 1, 2003, see section 5 of Puspan. L. 108–145, set out as a note under section 673span of this title.

Effective Date of 2002 Amendment

Amendment by Puspan. L. 107–133 effective Jan. 17, 2002, with delay permitted if State legislation is required, see section 301 of Puspan. L. 107–133, set out as a note under section 629 of this title.

Effective Date of 1998 Amendment

Amendment by section 301(span), (c) of Puspan. L. 105–200 effective as if included in the enactment of section 202 of the Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997, Puspan. L. 105–89, see section 301(d) of Puspan. L. 105–200, set out as a note under section 671 of this title.

Effective Date of 1997 Amendment

Amendment by Puspan. L. 105–89 effective Nov. 19, 1997, except as otherwise provided, with delay permitted if State legislation is required, see section 501 of Puspan. L. 105–89, set out as a note under section 622 of this title.

Effective Date of 1994 Amendment

Puspan. L. 103–432, title II, § 207(c), Oct. 31, 1994, 108 Stat. 4457, provided that: “The amendments and repeals made by this section [amending this section] shall apply to payments for calendar quarters beginning on or after October 1, 1993.”

Puspan. L. 103–432, title II, § 210(span), Oct. 31, 1994, 108 Stat. 4460, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall be effective with respect to claims made on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 31, 1994].”

Effective Date of 1993 Amendment

Puspan. L. 103–66, title XIII, § 13713(a)(3), Aug. 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 657, provided that: “The amendments made by this subsection [amending this section] shall take effect on October 1, 1993.”

Puspan. L. 103–66, title XIII, § 13713(span)(2), Aug. 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 657, as amended by Puspan. L. 104–193, title V, § 502, Aug. 22, 1996, 110 Stat. 2277, provided that: “The amendment made by paragraph (1) [amending this section] shall apply to expenditures during fiscal years beginning on or after October 1, 1997.”

Effective Date of 1990 Amendment

Puspan. L. 101–508, title V, § 5071(span), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388–233, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 5, 1990].”

Effective Date of 1989 Amendment

Puspan. L. 101–239, title VIII, § 8001(span), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2452, provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect on October 1, 1989.”

Puspan. L. 101–239, title VIII, § 8002(e), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2453, provided that: “The amendments made by subsections (a), (span) and (c) [amending this section and section 677 of this title] shall take effect October 1, 1989.”

Puspan. L. 101–239, title VIII, § 8006(span), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2462, as amended by Puspan. L. 103–66, title XIII, § 13715, Aug. 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 657, provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply to expenditures made on or after October 1, 1989, and before October 1, 1992, and to expenditures made on or after October 1, 1993.”

Puspan. L. 101–239, title X, § 10401(span), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2487, provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section and former sections 620 and 627 of this title] shall take effect on October 1, 1989.”

Puspan. L. 101–239, title X, § 10402(span), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2487, provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect on October 1, 1989.”

Puspan. L. 101–239, title X, § 10403(c)(2), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2488, provided that: “The amendment made by paragraph (1) of this subsection [amending this section] shall take effect as if included in section 4 of Public Law 98-617 at the time such section became law [enacted Nov. 8, 1974].”

Effective Date of 1987 Amendment

Puspan. L. 100–203, title IX, § 9132(span), Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1330–314, provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall become effective October 1, 1987.”

Effective Date of 1984 Amendment

Amendment by Puspan. L. 98–369 effective July 18, 1984, but not to be construed as changing or affecting any right, liability, status, or interpretation which existed (under the provisions of law involved) before that date, see section 2664(span) of Puspan. L. 98–369, set out as a note under section 401 of this title.

Construction of 2008 Amendment

For construction of amendment by section 301(c)(2) of Puspan. L. 110–351, see section 301(d) of Puspan. L. 110–351, set out as a note under section 671 of this title.

Family First Prevention Services Program Pandemic Flexibility

Puspan. L. 116–260, div. X, § 5, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2413, provided that: “During the COVID–19 public health emergency period, each percentage specified in subparagraphs (A)(i) and (B) of section 474(a)(6) of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 674(a)(6)] is deemed to be 100 percent.”

[For definition of “COVID–19 public health emergency period” as used in section 5 of div. X of Puspan. L. 116–260, set out above, see section 2 of div. X of Puspan. L. 116–260, set out as a note under section 629h of this title.]

Kinship Navigator Programs Pandemic Flexibility

Puspan. L. 116–260, div. X, § 8, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2414, provided that:

“(a)Inapplicability of Matching Funds Requirements.—During the COVID–19 public health emergency period, the percentage specified in section 474(a)(7) of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 674(a)(7)] is deemed to be 100 percent.

“(span)Waiver of Evidence Standard.—During the COVID–19 public health emergency period, the requirement in section 474(a)(7) of the Social Security Act that the Secretary determine that a kinship navigator program be operated in accordance with promising, supported, or well-supported practices that meet the applicable criteria specified for the practices in section 471(e)(4)(C) of such Act [42 U.S.C. 671(e)(4)(C)] shall have no force or effect, except that each State with such a program shall provide the Secretary with an assurance that the program will be, or is in the process of being, evaluated for the purpose of building an evidence base to later determine whether the program meets the criteria set forth in such section 471(e)(4)(C).

“(c)Other Allowable Uses of Funds.—A State may use funds provided to carry out a kinship navigator program—

“(1) for evaluations, independent systematic review, and related activities;

“(2) to provide short-term support to kinship families for direct services or assistance during the COVID–19 public health emergency period; and

“(3) to ensure that kinship caregivers have the information and resources to allow kinship families to function at their full potential, including—

“(A) ensuring that those who are at risk of contracting COVID–19 have access to information and resources for necessities, including food, safety supplies, and testing and treatment for COVID–19;

“(B) access to technology and technological supports needed for remote learning or other activities that must be carried out virtually due to the COVID–19 public health emergency;

“(C) health care and other assistance, including legal assistance and assistance with making alternative care plans for the children in their care if the caregivers were to become unable to continue caring for the children;

“(D) services to kinship families, including kinship families raising children outside of the foster care system; and

“(E) assistance to allow children to continue safely living with kin.

“(d)Territory Cap Exemption.—Section 1108(a)(1) of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1308(a)(1)] shall be applied without regard to any amount paid to a territory pursuant to this section that would not have been paid to the territory in the absence of this section.”

[For definitions of terms used in section 8 of div. X of Puspan. L. 116–260, set out above, see section 2 of div. X of Puspan. L. 116–260, set out as a note under section 629h of this title.]

Evidence Standard Transition

Puspan. L. 116–94, div. N, title I, § 602(span), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 3120, provided that:

“(1)Temporary suspension of requirement that at least 50 percent of a state’s reimbursement for prevention and family services and programs be for programs and services that meet the well-supported practice requirement.—With respect to quarters in fiscal years 2020 and 2021, section 474(a)(6)(A) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 674(a)(6)(A)) shall be applied without regard to clause (ii) of such section.

“(2)Supported practices temporarily treated as well-supported practices.—With respect to quarters in fiscal years 2022 and 2023, practices that meet the criteria specified for supported practices in section 471(e)(4)(C) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 671(e)(4)(C)) shall be considered well-supported practices for purposes of section 474(a)(6)(A)(ii) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 674(a)(6)(A)(ii)).”

Phase-in

Puspan. L. 110–351, title II, § 203(span), Oct. 7, 2008, 122 Stat. 3959, provided that: “With respect to an expenditure described in section 474(a)(3)(B) of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 674(a)(3)(B)] by reason of an amendment made by subsection (a) of this section [amending this section], in lieu of the percentage set forth in such section 474(a)(3)(B), the percentage that shall apply is—

“(1) 55 percent, if the expenditure is made in fiscal year 2009;

“(2) 60 percent, if the expenditure is made in fiscal year 2010;

“(3) 65 percent, if the expenditure is made in fiscal year 2011; or

“(4) 70 percent, if the expenditure is made in fiscal year 2012.”