2021—Subsec. (span). Puspan. L. 117–58, § 22423(span), substituted “subtitle V of title 49” for “the Safety Appliance Acts, subtitle IV of title 49, and the Department of Transportation Act”.

Subsecs. (c) to (e). Puspan. L. 117–58, § 22423(a), added subsec. (c) and redesignated former subsecs. (c) and (d) as (d) and (e), respectively.

1996—Subsec. (d). Puspan. L. 104–287 substituted “the term ‘railroad carrier’ has in section 20102 of title 49” for “such terms have under the first section of the Act of February 17, 1911 (45 U.S.C. 22)”.