42 USC 18772 - Data collection in the electricity sector

View all text of Subchapter IV [§ 18771 - § 18777]

§ 18772. Data collection in the electricity sector

(a) Dashboard

(1) Establishment

(A) In general

(B) Improvement of existing dashboardThe Dashboard may be established through the improvement, in accordance with this subsection, of an existing dashboard of the Energy Information Administration, such as—

(i) the U.S. Electric System Operating Data dashboard; or

(ii) the Hourly Electric Grid Monitor.

(2) Expansion

(A) In general

(B) Types of dataThe hourly operating data collected under subparagraph (A) may include data relating to—

(i) total electricity demand;

(ii) electricity demand by subregion;

(iii) short-term electricity demand forecasts;

(iv) total electricity generation;

(v) net electricity generation by fuel type, including renewables;

(vi) electricity stored and discharged;

(vii) total net electricity interchange;

(viii) electricity interchange with directly interconnected balancing authorities; and

(ix) where available, the estimated marginal greenhouse gas emissions per megawatt hour of electricity generated—(I) within the metered boundaries of each balancing authority; and(II) for each pricing node.

(b) Mix of energy sources

(1) In generalNot later than 1 year after November 15, 2021, the Administrator shall establish, in accordance with section 18777 of this title and this subsection and to the extent the Administrator determines to be appropriate, a system to harmonize the operating data on electricity generation collected under subsection (a) with—

(A) measurements of greenhouse gas and other pollutant emissions collected by the Environmental Protection Agency;

(B) other data collected by the Environmental Protection Agency or other relevant Federal agencies, as the Administrator determines to be appropriate; and

(2) OutcomesThe system established under paragraph (1) shall result in an integrated dataset that includes, for any given time—

(A) the net generation of electricity by megawatt hour within the metered boundaries of each balancing authority; and

(B) where available, the average and marginal greenhouse gas emissions by megawatt hour of electricity generated within the metered boundaries of each balancing authority.

(3) Real-time data disseminationTo the maximum extent practicable, the system established under paragraph (1) shall disseminate data—

(A) on a real-time basis; and

(B) through an application programming interface that is publicly accessible.

(4) Complementary efforts

(1) In general

(2) RequirementsIn carrying out paragraph (1), the Administrator shall seek to improve the temporal and spatial resolution of data relating to how grid operations are changing, such as through—

(A) thermal generator cycling to accommodate intermittent generation;

(B) generation unit self-scheduling practices;

(D) utility-scale storage;

(E) load response;

(F) aggregations of distributed energy resources at the distribution system level;

(G) power interchange between directly connected balancing authorities;

(H) expanding Regional Transmission Organization balancing authorities;

(I) improvements in real-time—

(i) accuracy of locational marginal prices; and

(ii) signals to flexible demand; and

(J) disruptions to grid operations, including disruptions caused by cyber sources, physical sources, extreme weather events, or other sources.

(d) Distribution system operations

(1) In general

(2) Requirements

(A) In generalIn carrying out paragraph (1), the Administrator shall—

(i) not less frequently than annually, provide data on—(I) the delivered generation resource mix for each load-serving entity; and(II) the distributed energy resources operating within each service area of a load-serving entity;

(ii) harmonize the data on delivered generation resource mix described in clause (i)(I) with measurements of greenhouse gas emissions collected by the Environmental Protection Agency;

(iii) to the maximum extent practicable, disseminate the data described in clause (i)(I) and the harmonized data described in clause (ii) on a real-time basis; and

(iv) provide historical data, beginning with the earliest calendar year practicable, but not later than calendar year 2020, on the delivered generation resource mix described in clause (i)(I).

(B) Data on the delivered generation resource mixIn collecting the data described in subparagraph (A)(i)(I), the Administrator shall—

(i) use existing voluntary industry methodologies, including reporting protocols, databases, and emissions and energy use tracking software that provide consistent, timely, and accessible carbon emissions intensity rates for delivered electricity;

(ii) consider that generation and transmission entities may provide data on behalf of load-serving entities;

(iii) to the extent that the Administrator determines necessary, and in a manner designed to protect confidential information, require each load-serving entity to submit additional information as needed to determine the delivered generation resource mix of the load-serving entity, including financial or contractual agreements for power and generation resource type attributes with respect to power owned by or retired by the load-serving entity; and

(iv) for any portion of the generation resource mix of a load-serving entity that is otherwise unaccounted for, develop a methodology to assign to the load-serving entity a share of the otherwise unaccounted for resource mix of the relevant balancing authority.

(Pub. L. 117–58, div. D, title IV, § 40412, Nov. 15, 2021,