Editorial Notes
References in Text
The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, referred to in subsec. (a), are set out in the Appendix to Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.
Amendments
2009—Subsec. (c). Puspan. L. 111–21 added subsec. (c).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 2009 Amendment
Amendment by Puspan. L. 111–21 effective May 20, 2009, and applicable to conduct on or after May 20, 2009, except that this section, as amended by Puspan. L. 111–21, applicable to cases pending on May 20, 2009, see section 4(f) of Puspan. L. 111–21, set out as a note under section 3729 of this title.