View all text of Part III [§ 1031 - § 1045]
§ 1033. Involuntary conversions
(a) General rule
If property (as a result of its destruction in whole or in part, theft, seizure, or requisition or condemnation or threat or imminence thereof) is compulsorily or involuntarily converted—
(1) Conversion into similar property
(2) Conversion into money
Into money or into property not similar or related in service or use to the converted property, the gain (if any) shall be recognized except to the extent hereinafter provided in this paragraph:
(A) Nonrecognition of gain
If the taxpayer during the period specified in subparagraph (B), for the purpose of replacing the property so converted, purchases other property similar or related in service or use to the property so converted, or purchases stock in the acquisition of control of a corporation owning such other property, at the election of the taxpayer the gain shall be recognized only to the extent that the amount realized upon such conversion (regardless of whether such amount is received in one or more taxable years) exceeds the cost of such other property or such stock. Such election shall be made at such time and in such manner as the Secretary may by regulations prescribe. For purposes of this paragraph—
(i) no property or stock acquired before the disposition of the converted property shall be considered to have been acquired for the purpose of replacing such converted property unless held by the taxpayer on the date of such disposition; and
(ii) the taxpayer shall be considered to have purchased property or stock only if, but for the provisions of subsection (b) of this section, the unadjusted basis of such property or stock would be its cost within the meaning of section 1012.
(B) Period within which property must be replaced
The period referred to in subparagraph (A) shall be the period beginning with the date of the disposition of the converted property, or the earliest date of the threat or imminence of requisition or condemnation of the converted property, whichever is the earlier, and ending—
(i) 2 years after the close of the first taxable year in which any part of the gain upon the conversion is realized, or
(ii) subject to such terms and conditions as may be specified by the Secretary, at the close of such later date as the Secretary may designate on application by the taxpayer. Such application shall be made at such time and in such manner as the Secretary may by regulations prescribe.
(C) Time for assessment of deficiency attributable to gain upon conversion
If a taxpayer has made the election provided in subparagraph (A), then—
(i) the statutory period for the assessment of any deficiency, for any taxable year in which any part of the gain on such conversion is realized, attributable to such gain shall not expire prior to the expiration of 3 years from the date the Secretary is notified by the taxpayer (in such manner as the Secretary may by regulations prescribe) of the replacement of the converted property or of an intention not to replace, and
(ii) such deficiency may be assessed before the expiration of such 3–year period notwithstanding the provisions of section 6212(c) or the provisions of any other law or rule of law which would otherwise prevent such assessment.
(D) Time for assessment of other deficiencies attributable to election
(E) Definitions
For purposes of this paragraph—
(i) Control
(ii) Disposition of the converted property
(b) Basis of property acquired through involuntary conversion
(1) Conversions described in subsection (a)(1)
If the property was acquired as the result of a compulsory or involuntary conversion described in subsection (a)(1), the basis shall be the same as in the case of the property so converted—
(A) decreased in the amount of any money received by the taxpayer which was not expended in accordance with the provisions of law (applicable to the year in which such conversion was made) determining the taxable status of the gain or loss upon such conversion, and
(B) increased in the amount of gain or decreased in the amount of loss to the taxpayer recognized upon such conversion under the law applicable to the year in which such conversion was made.
(2) Conversions described in subsection (a)(2)
(3) Property held by corporation the stock of which is replacement property
(A) In general
(B) Limitation
(C) Allocation of basis reduction
The decrease required under subparagraph (A) shall be allocated—
(i) first to property which is similar or related in service or use to the converted property,
(ii) second to depreciable property (as defined in section 1017(b)(3)(B)) not described in clause (i), and
(iii) then to other property.
(D) Special rules
(i) Reduction not to exceed adjusted basis of property
(ii) Allocation of reduction among properties
(c) Property sold pursuant to reclamation laws
(d) Livestock destroyed by disease
(e) Livestock sold on account of drought, flood, or other weather-related conditions
(1) In general
(2) Extension of replacement period
(A) In general
(B) Further extension by Secretary
(f) Replacement of livestock with other farm property in certain cases
(g) Condemnation of real property held for productive use in trade or business or for investment
(1) Special rule
(2) Limitations
(3) Election to treat outdoor advertising displays as real property
(A) In general
(B) Election
(C) Outdoor advertising display
(D) Character of replacement property
(4) Special rule
(h) Special rules for property damaged by federally declared disasters
(1) Principal residences
If the taxpayer’s principal residence or any of its contents is located in a disaster area and is compulsorily or involuntarily converted as a result of a federally declared disaster—
(A) Treatment of insurance proceeds
(i) Exclusion for unscheduled personal property
(ii) Other proceeds treated as common fund
In the case of any insurance proceeds (not described in clause (i)) for such residence or contents—
(I) such proceeds shall be treated as received for the conversion of a single item of property, and(II) any property which is similar or related in service or use to the residence so converted (or contents thereof) shall be treated for purposes of subsection (a)(2) as property similar or related in service or use to such single item of property.(B) Extension of replacement period
(2) Trade or business and investment property
(3) Federally declared disaster; disaster area
(4) Principal residence
(i) Replacement property must be acquired from unrelated person in certain cases
(1) In general
(2) Taxpayers to which subsection applies
This subsection shall apply to—
(A) a C corporation,
(B) a partnership in which 1 or more C corporations own, directly or indirectly (determined in accordance with section 707(b)(3)), more than 50 percent of the capital interest, or profits interest, in such partnership at the time of the involuntary conversion, and
(C) any other taxpayer if, with respect to property which is involuntarily converted during the taxable year, the aggregate of the amount of realized gain on such property on which there is realized gain exceeds $100,000.
In the case of a partnership, subparagraph (C) shall apply with respect to the partnership and with respect to each partner. A similar rule shall apply in the case of an S corporation and its shareholders.
(3) Related person
(j) Sales or exchanges under certain hazard mitigation programs
(k) Cross references
(1) For determination of the period for which the taxpayer has held property involuntarily converted, see section 1223.
(2) For treatment of gains from involuntary conversions as capital gains in certain cases, see section 1231(a).
(3) For exclusion from gross income of gain from involuntary conversion of principal residence, see section 121.
(Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 303; June 29, 1956, ch. 464, § 5(a), 70 Stat. 407; Pub. L. 85–866, title I, §§ 45, 46(a), Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1641; Pub. L. 88–272, title II, § 206(b)(3), Feb. 26, 1964, 78 Stat. 40;