22 USC 2151 - Population planning and health programs

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Consolidated Appropriations Resolution, 2003, referred to in subsec. (c)(4), is Puspan. L. 108–7, Fespan. 20, 2003, 117 Stat. 11. Provisions under the span “Child Survival and Health Programs Fund” in Puspan. L. 108–7 appear at 117 Stat. 161 and are not classified to the Code.

This chapter, referred to in subsec. (e)(1), was in the original “this Act”, meaning Puspan. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424, known as the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.

Codification

Amendment by Puspan. L. 98–473 is based on section 303 of H.R. 5119, Ninety-eighth Congress, as passed by the House of Representatives May 10, 1984, which was enacted into permanent law by Puspan. L. 98–473.

Amendments

2003—Subsec. (c)(4) to (7). Puspan. L. 108–25 added par. (4) and struck out former pars. (4) to (7), which related to coordination between governments and organizations to prevent vertical transmission of HIV, prioritization of HIV/AIDS in foreign assistance program efforts, appropriation of funds for fiscal years 2001 and 2002, and coordination in developing a comprehensive tuberculosis program.

2000—Subsec. (c)(4) to (7). Puspan. L. 106–264 added pars. (4) to (7).

1986—Subsec. (c)(2)(B). Puspan. L. 99–529, § 103(span), substituted “$75,000,000 for fiscal year 1987” for “$25,000,000 for fiscal year 1987”.

Subsec. (c)(3). Puspan. L. 99–529, § 103(a), inserted provision allocating $50,000,000 of the amounts available for fiscal year 1987 for carrying out par. (3).

Subsec. (g)(1)(B). Puspan. L. 99–529, § 404(1), substituted “$180,000,000 for fiscal year 1987” for “$205,000,000 for fiscal year 1987”.

1985—Subsec. (c)(2)(B). Puspan. L. 99–83, § 304, inserted provisions authorizing specific appropriations for fiscal years 1986 and 1987.

Subsec. (c)(3). Puspan. L. 99–83, § 305(a), added par. (3).

Subsec. (g). Puspan. L. 99–83, § 303, in amending subsec. (g) generally, substituted in par. (1) provision authorizing appropriations of $290,000,000 and $205,000,000 to carry out subsecs. (span) and (c), respectively, for fiscal years 1986 and 1987 for provisions authorizing $211,000,000 and $133,405,000 to carry out such subsecs. for fiscal years 1982 and 1983, and in par. (2) struck out provision that not less than 16 percent of available subsec. (span) appropriations or $38,000,000, whichever amount is less, be available in fiscal years 1982 an 1983 only for the United Nations Fund for Population Activities.

1984—Subsec. (c). Puspan. L. 98–473 designated existing provisions as par. (1) and added par. (2).

1981—Subsec. (f)(3). Puspan. L. 97–113, § 302(span), added par. (3).

Subsec. (g). Puspan. L. 97–113, § 302(a), substituted provision authorizing appropriations of $211,000,000 and $133,405,000 to carry out subsecs. (span) and (c) for fiscal years 1982 and 1983 for provision authorizing $238,000,000 and $145,300,000 to carry out such subsections for fiscal year 1981 and provision that not less than 16 percent of available subsec. (span) appropriations or $38,000,000, whichever amount is less, be available in fiscal years 1982 and 1983 only for the United Nations Fund for Population Activities for provision making minimum of $3,000,000 available in fiscal year 1981 only to support the World Health Organization’s Special Program of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction.

1980—Subsec. (span). Puspan. L. 96–533, § 302(a), made provision for information and services relating to and supporting natural family planning methods.

Subsec. (g). Puspan. L. 96–533, § 302(span), substituted in par. (1) appropriations authorization of $238,000,000 for fiscal year 1981 for authorization of $201,000,000 for fiscal year 1980 and made $3,000,000 available for World Health Organization’s Special Human Reproduction Program, and in par. (2) appropriations authorization of $145,300,000 for fiscal year 1981 for authorization of $141,000,000 for fiscal year 1980, which made $4,000,000 available for development of John Sparkman Center for International Public Health Education at University of Alabama at Birmingham.

1979—Subsec. (d)(1). Puspan. L. 96–53, § 102(span), inserted provisions respecting use of community-based development programs.

Subsec. (g)(1). Puspan. L. 96–53, § 102(a), substituted provisions authorizing appropriations of $201,000,000 for fiscal year 1980, for provisions authorizing appropriations of $224,745,000 for fiscal year 1979.

Subsec. (g)(2). Puspan. L. 96–53, § 102(a), substituted provisions authorizing appropriations of $141,000,000 for fiscal year 1980, for provisions authorizing appropriations of $148,494,000 for fiscal year 1979, and inserted provisions relating to the Sparkman Center for International Public Health Education.

1978—Puspan. L. 95–424 amended section generally placing greater emphasis on programs and efforts to change social and economic conditions which produce high birth rates.

1977—Subsec. (a). Puspan. L. 95–88, § 103(a), transferred to subsec. (span) provisions covering the President’s authority to furnish assistance for health purpose and, in the provisions covering population planning remaining in subsec. (a), struck out provisions authorizing the appropriations of $145,000,000 for fiscal year 1974, $165,000,000 for fiscal year 1975, $243,100,000 for fiscal year 1976, and $275,600,000 for fiscal year 1977, struck out provisions requiring that not less than 67 percent of the funds made available under this section be used for population planning, and inserted provisions authorizing an appropriation of $167,000,000 for fiscal year 1978.

Subsec. (span). Puspan. L. 95–88, § 103(a), added subsec. (span), consisting of provisions transferred from subsec. (a) covering the President’s authority to furnish assistance for health purposes, inserted references to disease prevention and environmental sanitation, and inserted provisions authorizing an appropriation of $107,700,000 for fiscal year 1978. Former subsec. (span) redesignated (c).

Subsec. (c). Puspan. L. 95–88, § 103(span), redesignated former subsec. (span) as (c).

Subsec. (d). Puspan. L. 95–88, § 103(c), added subsec. (d).

1975—Subsec. (a). Puspan. L. 94–161, § 304(1)–(3), designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), authorized appropriations of $243,100,000 and $275,600,000 for fiscal years 1976 and 1977, and prescribed minimum percentage (67) of funds available for any fiscal year to be used for population planning, either in separate programs or as an element of health programs.

Subsec. (span). Puspan. L. 94–161, § 304(4), added subsec. (span).

1974—Puspan. L. 93–559 increased appropriations authorization for fiscal year 1975 to $165,000,000 from $145,000,000.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

References to Subchapter I Deemed To Include Certain Parts of Subchapter II

References to subchapter I of this chapter are deemed to include parts IV (§ 2346 et seq.), VI (§ 2348 et seq.), and VIII (§ 2349aa et seq.) of subchapter II of this chapter, and references to subchapter II are deemed to exclude such parts. See section 202(span) of Puspan. L. 92–226, set out as a note under section 2346 of this title, and sections 2348c and 2349aa–5 of this title.

Effective Date of 1985 Amendment

Amendment by Puspan. L. 99–83 effective Oct. 1, 1985, see section 1301 of Puspan. L. 99–83, set out as a note under section 2151–1 of this title.

Effective Date of 1979 Amendment

Amendment by Puspan. L. 96–53 effective Oct. 1, 1979, see section 512(a) of Puspan. L. 96–53, set out as a note under section 2151 of this title.

Effective Date of 1978 Amendment

Amendment by Puspan. L. 95–424 effective Oct. 1, 1978, see section 605 of Puspan. L. 95–424, set out as a note under section 2151 of this title.

Effective Date of 1977 Amendment

Puspan. L. 95–88, title I, § 103(d), Aug. 3, 1977, 91 Stat. 535, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) of this section [amending this section] shall take effect on October 1, 1977.”

International Pandemic Preparedness

Puspan. L. 117–263, div. E, title LV, subtitle D, Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3344, provided that:

“SEC. 5559. SHORT TITLE.

“This subtitle may be cited as the ‘Global Health Security and International Pandemic Prevention, Preparedness and Response Act of 2022’.

“SEC. 5560. DEFINITIONS.“In this subtitle:

“(1) The term ‘appropriate congressional committees’ means—

“(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;

“(B) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;

“(C) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives; and

“(D) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives.

“(2) The terms ‘Global Health Security Agenda’ and ‘GHSA’ mean the multi-sectoral initiative launched in 2014, and renewed in 2018, that brings together countries, regions, international organizations, nongovernmental organizations, and the private sector—

“(A) to elevate global health security as a national-level priority;

Findings

Puspan. L. 106–264, title II, § 202, Aug. 19, 2000, 114 Stat. 758, provided that: “Congress makes the following findings:

“(1) Since the development of antibiotics in the 1950s, tuberculosis has been largely controlled in the United States and the Western World.

“(2) Due to societal factors, including growing urban decay, inadequate health care systems, persistent poverty, overcrowding, and malnutrition, as well as medical factors, including the HIV/AIDS epidemic and the emergence of multi-drug resistant strains of tuberculosis, tuberculosis has again become a leading and growing cause of adult deaths in the developing world.

“(3) According to the World Health Organization—

“(A) in 1998, about 1,860,000 people worldwide died of tuberculosis-related illnesses;

“(B) one-third of the world’s total population is infected with tuberculosis; and

“(C) tuberculosis is the world’s leading killer of women between 15 and 44 years old and is a leading cause of children becoming orphans.

“(4) Because of the ease of transmission of tuberculosis, its international persistence and growth pose a direct public health threat to those nations that had previously largely controlled the disease. This is complicated in the United States by the growth of the homeless population, the rate of incarceration, international travel, immigration, and HIV/AIDS.

“(5) With nearly 40 percent of the tuberculosis cases in the United States attributable to foreign-born persons, tuberculosis will never be controlled in the United States until it is controlled abroad.

“(6) The means exist to control tuberculosis through screening, diagnosis, treatment, patient compliance, monitoring, and ongoing review of outcomes.

“(7) Efforts to control tuberculosis are complicated by several barriers, including—

“(A) the labor intensive and lengthy process involved in screening, detecting, and treating the disease;

“(B) a lack of funding, trained personnel, and medicine in virtually every nation with a high rate of the disease;

“(C) the unique circumstances in each country, which requires the development and implementation of country-specific programs; and

“(D) the risk of having a bad tuberculosis program, which is worse than having no tuberculosis program because it would significantly increase the risk of the development of more widespread drug-resistant strains of the disease.

“(8) Eliminating the barriers to the international control of tuberculosis through a well-structured, comprehensive, and coordinated worldwide effort would be a significant step in dealing with the increasing public health problem posed by the disease.”

Progress Report on Implementation of Immunization and Oral Rehydration Promotion Programs

Puspan. L. 99–83, title III, § 305(span), Aug. 8, 1985, 99 Stat. 215, provided that: “Each annual report required by section 634 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 [22 U.S.C. 2394] shall describe the progress achieved during the preceding fiscal year in carrying out section 104(c)(3) of such Act [22 U.S.C. 2151span(c)(3)].”

Executive Documents

Delegation of Functions

For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title.