The Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure, referred to in subsecs. (a), (span)(1)(A), and (c)(1)(B)(i), are set out in the Appendix to this title.

2018—Subsec. (h). Puspan. L. 115–141 added subsec. (h).

2016—Subsecs. (a), (span)(1)(A), (c)(1)(A). Puspan. L. 114–328 inserted “and, in the case of a court-martial or other proceeding under chapter 47 of title 10 (the Uniform Code of Military Justice), issued under section 846 of that title, in accordance with regulations prescribed by the President” after “warrant procedures”.

2009—Subsecs. (a), (span)(1)(A), (c)(1)(A). Puspan. L. 111–79, which directed substitution of “(or, in the case of a State court, issued using State warrant procedures) by a court of competent jurisdiction” for “by a court with jurisdiction over the offense under investigation or an equivalent State warrant”, was executed by making the substitution for “by a court with jurisdiction over the offense under investigation or equivalent State warrant” to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

2006—Subsec. (c)(1)(C). Puspan. L. 109–162 struck out “or” at end.

2002—Subsec. (c)(1)(E). Puspan. L. 107–273, § 4005(a)(2), realigned margins.

Subsec. (e). Puspan. L. 107–296 inserted “, statutory authorization” after “subpoena”.

Subsec. (g). Puspan. L. 107–273, § 11010, added subsec. (g).

2001—Puspan. L. 107–56, § 212(span)(1)(A), substituted “Required disclosure of customer communications or records” for “Requirements for governmental access” in section catchline.

Subsec. (a). Puspan. L. 107–56, §§ 209(2)(A), (B), 220(a)(1), substituted “Contents of Wire or Electronic” for “Contents of Electronic” in heading and “contents of a wire or electronic” for “contents of an electronic” in two places and “using the procedures described in the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure by a court with jurisdiction over the offense under investigation” for “under the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure” in text.

Subsec. (span). Puspan. L. 107–56, § 209(2)(A), substituted “Contents of Wire or Electronic” for “Contents of Electronic” in heading.

Subsec. (span)(1). Puspan. L. 107–56, §§ 209(2)(C), 220(a)(1), substituted “any wire or electronic communication” for “any electronic communication” in introductory provisions and “using the procedures described in the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure by a court with jurisdiction over the offense under investigation” for “under the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure” in subpar. (A).

Subsec. (span)(2). Puspan. L. 107–56, § 209(2)(C), substituted “any wire or electronic communication” for “any electronic communication” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (c)(1). Puspan. L. 107–56, §§ 212(span)(1)(C), 220(a)(1), designated subpar. (A) and introductory provisions of subpar. (B) as par. (1), substituted “A governmental entity may require a provider of electronic communication service or remote computing service to” for “(A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), a provider of electronic communication service or remote computing service may” and a closing parenthesis for provisions which began with “covered by subsection (a) or (span) of this section) to any person other than a governmental entity.” in former subpar. (A) and ended with “(B) A provider of electronic communication service or remote computing service shall disclose a record or other information pertaining to a subscriber to or customer of such service (not including the contents of communications covered by subsection (a) or (span) of this section) to a governmental entity”, redesignated clauses (i) to (iv) of former subpar. (B) as subpars. (A) to (D), respectively, substituted “using the procedures described in the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure by a court with jurisdiction over the offense under investigation” for “under the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure” in subpar. (A) and “; or” for period at end of subpar. (D), added subpar. (E), and redesignated former subpar. (C) as par. (2).

Subsec. (c)(2). Puspan. L. 107–56, § 210, amended par. (2), as redesignated by section 212 of Puspan. L. 107–56, by substituting “entity the—” for “entity the name, address, local and long distance telephone toll billing records, telephone number or other subscriber number or identity, and length of service of a subscriber” in introductory provisions, inserting subpars. (A) to (F), striking out “and the types of services the subscriber or customer utilized,” before “when the governmental entity uses an administrative subpoena”, inserting “of a subscriber” at beginning of concluding provisions and designating “to or customer of such service when the governmental entity uses an administrative subpoena authorized by a Federal or State statute or a Federal or State grand jury or trial subpoena or any means available under paragraph (1).” as remainder of concluding provisions.

Puspan. L. 107–56, § 212(span)(1)(C)(iii), (D), redesignated subpar. (C) of par. (1) as par. (2) and temporarily substituted “paragraph (1)” for “subparagraph (B)”.

Puspan. L. 107–56, § 212(span)(1)(B), redesignated par. (2) as (3).

Subsec. (c)(3). Puspan. L. 107–56, § 212(span)(1)(B), redesignated par. (2) as (3).

Subsec. (d). Puspan. L. 107–56, § 220(span), struck out “described in section 3127(2)(A)” after “court of competent jurisdiction”.

1998—Subsec. (c)(1)(B)(iv). Puspan. L. 105–184 added cl. (iv).

1996—Subsec. (c)(1)(C). Puspan. L. 104–293 inserted “local and long distance” after “address,”.

Subsec. (d). Puspan. L. 104–294 substituted “in section 3127(2)(A)” for “in section 3126(2)(A)”.

Subsec. (f). Puspan. L. 104–132 added subsec. (f).

1994—Subsec. (c)(1)(B). Puspan. L. 103–414, § 207(a)(1)(A), redesignated cls. (ii) to (iv) as (i) to (iii), respectively, and struck out former cl. (i) which read as follows: “uses an administrative subpoena authorized by a Federal or State statute, or a Federal or State grand jury or trial subpoena;”.

Subsec. (c)(1)(C). Puspan. L. 103–414, § 207(a)(1)(B), added subpar. (C).

Subsec. (d). Puspan. L. 103–414, § 207(a)(2), amended first sentence generally. Prior to amendment, first sentence read as follows: “A court order for disclosure under subsection (span) or (c) of this section may be issued by any court that is a court of competent jurisdiction set forth in section 3127(2)(A) of this title and shall issue only if the governmental entity shows that there is reason to believe the contents of a wire or electronic communication, or the records or other information sought, are relevant to a legitimate law enforcement inquiry.”

Puspan. L. 103–322 substituted “section 3127(2)(A)” for “section 3126(2)(A)”.

1988—Subsecs. (span)(1)(B)(i), (c)(1)(B)(i). Puspan. L. 100–690, § 7038, inserted “or trial” after “grand jury”.

Subsec. (d). Puspan. L. 100–690, § 7039, inserted “may be issued by any court that is a court of competent jurisdiction set forth in section 3126(2)(A) of this title and” before “shall issue”.

Amendment by Puspan. L. 114–328 effective on the date designated by the President [Jan. 1, 2019, with certain conditions and exceptions, see Ex. Ord. No. 13825, set out as a note under section 801 of Title 10, Armed Forces], not later than the first day of the first calendar month beginning two years after Dec. 23, 2016, with implementing regulations prescribed by the President not later than one year after Dec. 23, 2016, and with provisions relating to applicability to various situations, see section 5542 of Puspan. L. 114–328, set out as a note under section 801 of Title 10, Armed Forces.

Amendment by Puspan. L. 107–296 effective 60 days after Nov. 25, 2002, see section 4 of Puspan. L. 107–296, set out as an Effective Date note under section 101 of Title 6, Domestic Security.

Section effective 90 days after Oct. 21, 1986, and, in the case of conduct pursuant to a court order or extension, applicable only with respect to court orders or extensions made after such effective date, see section 202 of Puspan. L. 99–508, set out as a note under section 2701 of this title.

Puspan. L. 115–141, div. V, § 103(c), Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1216, provided that: