View all text of Subchapter II [§ 241 - § 253]
§ 248. Enumerated powersThe Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System shall be authorized and empowered:
(a) Examination of accounts and affairs of banks; publication of weekly statements; reports of liabilities and assets of depository institutions; covered institutions
(1) To examine at its discretion the accounts, books, and affairs of each Federal reserve bank and of each member bank and to require such statements and reports as it may deem necessary. The said board shall publish once each week a statement showing the condition of each Federal reserve bank and a consolidated statement for all Federal reserve banks. Such statements shall show in detail the assets and liabilities of the Federal reserve banks, single and combined, and shall furnish full information regarding the character of the money held as reserve and the amount, nature, and maturities of the paper and other investments owned or held by Federal reserve banks.
(2) To require any depository institution specified in this paragraph to make, at such intervals as the Board may prescribe, such reports of its liabilities and assets as the Board may determine to be necessary or desirable to enable the Board to discharge its responsibility to monitor and control monetary and credit aggregates. Such reports shall be made (A) directly to the Board in the case of member banks and in the case of other depository institutions whose reserve requirements under sections 461, 463, 464, 465, and 466 of this title exceed zero, and (B) for all other reports to the Board through the (i) Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation in the case of insured State savings associations that are insured depository institutions (as defined in section 1813 of this title), State nonmember banks, savings banks, and mutual savings banks, (ii) National Credit Union Administration Board in the case of insured credit unions, (iii) the Comptroller of the Currency in the case of any Federal savings association which is an insured depository institution (as defined in section 1813 of this title) or which is a member as defined in section 1422 of this title, and (iv) such State officer or agency as the Board may designate in the case of any other type of bank, savings association, or credit union. The Board shall endeavor to avoid the imposition of unnecessary burdens on reporting institutions and the duplication of other reporting requirements. Except as otherwise required by law, any data provided to any department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States pursuant to other reporting requirements shall be made available to the Board. The Board may classify depository institutions for the purposes of this paragraph and may impose different requirements on each such class.
(b) Permitting or requiring rediscounting of paper at specified rate
(c) Suspending reserve requirements
(d) Supervising and regulating issue and retirement of notes
(e) Adding to or reclassifying reserve cities
(f) Suspending or removing officers or directors of reserve banks
(g) Requiring writing off of doubtful or worthless assets of banks
(h) Suspending operations of or liquidating or reorganizing banks
(i) Requiring bonds of agents; safeguarding property in hands of agents
(j) Exercising supervision over reserve banks
(k) Delegation of certain functions; power to delegate; review of delegated activities
(l) Employing attorneys, experts, assistants, and clerks; salaries and fees
(m) [Repealed]
(n) Board’s authority to examine depository institutions and affiliates
(o) Authority to appoint conservator or receiver
(p) Authority
(q) Uniform protection authority for Federal reserve facilities
(1) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, to authorize personnel to act as law enforcement officers to protect and safeguard the premises, grounds, property, personnel, including members of the Board, of the Board, or any Federal reserve bank, and operations conducted by or on behalf of the Board or a reserve bank.
(2) The Board may, subject to the regulations prescribed under paragraph (5), delegate authority to a Federal reserve bank to authorize personnel to act as law enforcement officers to protect and safeguard the bank’s premises, grounds, property, personnel, and operations conducted by or on behalf of the bank.
(3) Law enforcement officers designated or authorized by the Board or a reserve bank under paragraph (1) or (2) are authorized while on duty to carry firearms and make arrests without warrants for any offense against the United States committed in their presence, or for any felony cognizable under the laws of the United States committed or being committed within the buildings and grounds of the Board or a reserve bank if they have reasonable grounds to believe that the person to be arrested has committed or is committing such a felony. Such officers shall have access to law enforcement information that may be necessary for the protection of the property or personnel of the Board or a reserve bank.
(4) For purposes of this subsection, the term “law enforcement officers” means personnel who have successfully completed law enforcement training and are authorized to carry firearms and make arrests pursuant to this subsection.
(5) The law enforcement authorities provided for in this subsection may be exercised only pursuant to regulations prescribed by the Board and approved by the Attorney General.
(r) Voting; documentation of determinations
(1) Any action that this chapter provides may be taken only upon the affirmative vote of 5 members of the Board may be taken upon the unanimous vote of all members then in office if there are fewer than 5 members in office at the time of the action.
(2)
(A) Any action that the Board is otherwise authorized to take under section 343(3) of this title may be taken upon the unanimous vote of all available members then in office, if—
(i) at least 2 members are available and all available members participate in the action;
(ii) the available members unanimously determine that—(I) unusual and exigent circumstances exist and the borrower is unable to secure adequate credit accommodations from other sources;(II) action on the matter is necessary to prevent, correct, or mitigate serious harm to the economy or the stability of the financial system of the United States;(III) despite the use of all means available (including all available telephonic, telegraphic, and other electronic means), the other members of the Board have not been able to be contacted on the matter; and(IV) action on the matter is required before the number of Board members otherwise required to vote on the matter can be contacted through any available means (including all available telephonic, telegraphic, and other electronic means); and
(iii) any credit extended by a Federal reserve bank pursuant to such action is payable upon demand of the Board.
(B) The available members of the Board shall document in writing the determinations required by subparagraph (A)(ii), and such written findings shall be included in the record of the action and in the official minutes of the Board, and copies of such record shall be provided as soon as practicable to the members of the Board who were not available to participate in the action and to the Chairman of the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate and to the Chairman of the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives.
(s)2
2 So in original. Two subsecs. (s) have been enacted.
Federal Reserve transparency and release of information(1) In generalIn order to ensure the disclosure in a timely manner consistent with the purposes of this chapter of information concerning the borrowers and counterparties participating in emergency credit facilities, discount window lending programs, and open market operations authorized or conducted by the Board or a Federal reserve bank, the Board of Governors shall disclose, as provided in paragraph (2)—
(A) the names and identifying details of each borrower, participant, or counterparty in any credit facility or covered transaction;
(B) the amount borrowed by or transferred by or to a specific borrower, participant, or counterparty in any credit facility or covered transaction;
(C) the interest rate or discount paid by each borrower, participant, or counterparty in any credit facility or covered transaction; and
(D) information identifying the types and amounts of collateral pledged or assets transferred in connection with participation in any credit facility or covered transaction.
(2) Mandatory release dateIn the case of—
(A) a credit facility, the Board shall disclose the information described in paragraph (1) on the date that is 1 year after the effective date of the termination by the Board of the authorization of the credit facility; and
(B) a covered transaction, the Board shall disclose the information described in paragraph (1) on the last day of the eighth calendar quarter following the calendar quarter in which the covered transaction was conducted.
(3) Earlier release date authorized
(4) DefinitionsFor purposes of this subsection, the following definitions shall apply:
(A) Credit facility
(B) Covered transactionThe term “covered transaction” means—
(i) any open market transaction with a nongovernmental third party conducted under section 353 of this title or section 354, 355, or 356 of this title, after July 21, 2010; and
(ii) any advance made under section 347b of this title after July 21, 2010.
(5) Termination of credit facility by operation of law
(6) Consistent treatment of information
(7) Protection of personal privacy
(8) Study of FOIA exemption impact
(A) StudyThe Inspector General of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System shall—
(i) conduct a study on the impact that the exemption from section 552(b)(3) of title 5 (known as the Freedom of Information Act) established under paragraph (6) has had on the ability of the public to access information about the administration by the Board of Governors of emergency credit facilities, discount window lending programs, and open market operations; and
(ii) make any recommendations on whether the exemption described in clause (i) should remain in effect.
(B) Report
(9) Rule of construction
(s)2 Assessments, fees, and other charges for certain companies
(1) In general
(2) CompaniesThe companies described in this paragraph are—
(A) all bank holding companies having total consolidated assets of $100,000,000,000 or more;
(B) all savings and loan holding companies having total consolidated assets of $100,000,000,000 or more; and
(C) all nonbank financial companies supervised by the Board under section 5323 of this title.
(3) Tailoring assessments
(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, § 11, 38 Stat. 261; Sept. 7, 1916, ch. 461, 39 Stat. 752; Sept. 26, 1918, ch. 177, § 2, 40 Stat. 968; Mar. 3, 1919, ch. 101, § 3, 40 Stat. 1315; Feb. 27, 1921, ch. 75, 41 Stat. 1146; June 26, 1930, ch. 612, 46 Stat. 814; Mar. 9, 1933, ch. 1, title I, § 3, 48 Stat. 2; June 16, 1933, ch. 89, § 7, 48 Stat. 167; Aug. 23, 1935, ch. 614, title II, § 203(a), title III, §§ 321(a), 342, 49 Stat. 704, 713, 722; June 12, 1945, ch. 186, § 1(c), 59 Stat. 237; Pub. L. 86–114, § 3(b)(6), July 28, 1959, 73 Stat. 264; Pub. L. 86–251, § 3(c), Sept. 9, 1959, 73 Stat. 488; Pub. L. 87–722, § 3, Sept. 28, 1962, 76 Stat. 670; Pub. L. 89–427, § 2, May 20, 1966, 80 Stat. 161; Pub. L. 89–765, Nov. 5, 1966, 80 Stat. 1314; Pub. L. 90–269, § 1, Mar. 18, 1968, 82 Stat. 50; Pub. L. 95–251, § 2(a)(3), Mar. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 183; Pub. L. 96–221, title I, § 102, Mar. 31, 1980, 94 Stat. 132; Pub. L. 97–258, § 5(b), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1068; Pub. L. 97–457, § 17(b), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2509; Pub. L. 101–73, title VII, § 744(i)(1), Aug. 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 439; Pub. L. 102–242, title I, §§ 133(f), 142(c), Dec. 19, 1991, 105 Stat. 2273, 2281; Pub. L. 102–550, title XVI, § 1603(d)(9), Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4080; Pub. L. 103–325, title III, §§ 322(d), 331(d), title VI, § 602(g)(2), Sept. 23, 1994, 108 Stat. 2227, 2232, 2293; Pub. L. 106–102, title VII, § 735, Nov. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1479; Pub. L. 107–56, title III, § 364, Oct. 26, 2001, 115 Stat. 333; Pub. L. 107–297, title III, § 301, Nov. 26, 2002, 116 Stat. 2340; Pub. L. 111–203, title III, §§ 318(c), 366(1), title XI, §§ 1103(b), 1108(c), July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 1527, 1556, 2118, 2126; Pub. L. 115–174, title IV, § 401(c)(2), May 24, 2018, 132 Stat. 1358.)