12 USC 1831 - Standards for safety and soundness

View all text of Chapter 16 [§ 1811 - § 1835a]

§ 1831p–1. Standards for safety and soundness

(a) Operational and managerial standardsEach appropriate Federal banking agency shall, for all insured depository institutions, prescribe—

(1) standards relating to—

(A) internal controls, information systems, and internal audit systems, in accordance with section 1831m of this title;

(B) loan documentation;

(D) interest rate exposure;

(E) asset growth; and

(F) compensation, fees, and benefits, in accordance with subsection (c); and

(2) such other operational and managerial standards as the agency determines to be appropriate.

(b) Asset quality, earnings, and stock valuation standards

(c) Compensation standardsEach appropriate Federal banking agency shall, for all insured depository institutions, prescribe—

(1) standards prohibiting as an unsafe and unsound practice any employment contract, compensation or benefit agreement, fee arrangement, perquisite, stock option plan, postemployment benefit, or other compensatory arrangement that—

(A) would provide any executive officer, employee, director, or principal shareholder of the institution with excessive compensation, fees or benefits; or

(B) could lead to material financial loss to the institution;

(2) standards specifying when compensation, fees, or benefits referred to in paragraph (1) are excessive, which shall require the agency to determine whether the amounts are unreasonable or disproportionate to the services actually performed by the individual by considering—

(A) the combined value of all cash and noncash benefits provided to the individual;

(B) the compensation history of the individual and other individuals with comparable expertise at the institution;

(D) comparable compensation practices at comparable institutions, based upon such factors as asset size, geographic location, and the complexity of the loan portfolio or other assets;

(E) for postemployment benefits, the projected total cost and benefit to the institution;

(F) any connection between the individual and any fraudulent act or omission, breach of trust or fiduciary duty, or insider abuse with regard to the institution; and

(G) other factors that the agency determines to be relevant; and

(3) such other standards relating to compensation, fees, and benefits as the agency determines to be appropriate.

(d) Standards to be prescribed

(1) In general

(2) Applicability of other laws

(3) Senior executive officers at undercapitalized institutions

(4) Safety and soundness or enforcement actionsParagraph (1) shall not be construed as affecting the authority of any appropriate Federal banking agency under any provision of this chapter other than this section, or under any other provision of law, to prescribe a specific level or range of compensation for any director, officer, or employee of an insured depository institution—

(A) to preserve the safety and soundness of the institution; or

(B) in connection with any action under section 1818 of this title or any order issued by the agency, any agreement between the agency and the institution, or any condition imposed by the agency in connection with the agency’s approval of an application or other request by the institution, which is enforceable under section 1818 of this title.

(e) Failure to meet standards

(1) Plan required

(A) In generalIf the appropriate Federal banking agency determines that an insured depository institution fails to meet any standard prescribed under subsection (a) or (b)—

(i) if such standard is prescribed by regulation of the agency, the agency shall require the institution to submit an acceptable plan to the agency within the time allowed by the agency under subparagraph (C); and

(ii) if such standard is prescribed by guideline, the agency may require the institution to submit a plan described in clause (i).

(B) Contents of plan

(C) Deadlines for submission and review of plansThe appropriate Federal banking agency shall by regulation establish deadlines that—

(i) provide institutions with reasonable time to submit plans required under subparagraph (A), and generally require the institution to submit a plan not later than 30 days after the agency determines that the institution fails to meet any standard prescribed under subsection (a), (b), or (c); and

(ii) require the agency to act on plans expeditiously, and generally not later than 30 days after the plan is submitted.

(2) Order required if institution fails to submit or implement planIf an insured depository institution fails to submit an acceptable plan within the time allowed under paragraph (1)(C), or fails in any material respect to implement a plan accepted by the appropriate Federal banking agency, the agency, by order—

(A) shall require the institution to correct the deficiency; and

(B) may do 1 or more of the following until the deficiency has been corrected:

(i) Prohibit the institution from permitting its average total assets during any calendar quarter to exceed its average total assets during the preceding calendar quarter, or restrict the rate at which the average total assets of the institution may increase from one calendar quarter to another.

(ii) Require the institution to increase its ratio of tangible equity to assets.

(iii) Take the action described in section 1831o(f)(2)(C) of this title.

(iv) Require the institution to take any other action that the agency determines will better carry out the purpose of section 1831o of this title than any of the actions described in this subparagraph.

(3) Restrictions mandatory for certain institutionsIn complying with paragraph (2), the appropriate Federal banking agency shall take 1 or more of the actions described in clauses (i) through (iii) of paragraph (2)(B) if—

(A) the agency determines that the insured depository institution fails to meet any standard prescribed under subsection (a)(1) or (b)(1);

(B) the institution has not corrected the deficiency; and

(i) during the 24-month period before the date on which the institution first failed to meet the standard—(I) the institution commenced operations; or(II) 1 or more persons acquired control of the institution; or

(ii) during the 18-month period before the date on which the institution first failed to meet the standard, the institution underwent extraordinary growth, as defined by the agency.

(f) Definitions

(g) Other authority not affected

(Sept. 21, 1950, ch. 967, § 2[39], as added Pub. L. 102–242, title I, § 132(a), Dec. 19, 1991, 105 Stat. 2267; amended Pub. L. 102–550, title IX, § 956, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3895; Pub. L. 103–325, title III, § 318(a)–(c), Sept. 23, 1994, 108 Stat. 2223, 2224.)