Provisions similar to those in this section were contained in sections 3686 and 8686 of this title, prior to repeal by Puspan. L. 103–337, § 1662(g)(2).

Section effective Dec. 1, 1994, except as otherwise provided, see section 1691 of Puspan. L. 103–337, set out as a note under section 10001 of this title.