Collapse to view only § 1635i. Definitions
- § 1635i. Definitions
- § 1635j. Mandatory reporting for swine
- § 1635k. Mandatory reporting of wholesale pork cuts
§ 1635i. DefinitionsIn this part:
(1) AffiliateThe term “affiliate”, with respect to a packer, means—
(A) a person that directly or indirectly owns, controls, or holds with power to vote, 5 percent or more of the outstanding voting securities of the packer;
(B) a person 5 percent or more of whose outstanding voting securities are directly or indirectly owned, controlled, or held with power to vote, by the packer; and
(C) a person that directly or indirectly controls, or is controlled by or under common control with, the packer.
(2) Applicable reporting period
(3) Barrow
(4) Base market hog
(5) Boar
(6) Formula price
(7) Gilt
(8) Hog classThe term “hog class” means, as applicable—
(A) barrows or gilts;
(B) sows; or
(C) boars or stags.
(9) Negotiated formula purchaseThe term “negotiated formula purchase” means a swine or pork market formula purchase under which—
(A) the formula is determined by negotiation on a lot-by-lot basis; and
(B) the swine are scheduled for delivery to the packer not later than 14 days after the date on which the formula is negotiated and swine are committed to the packer.
(10) Noncarcass merit premium
(11) Other market formula purchase
(A) In general
(B) Inclusion
(12) Other purchase arrangementThe term “other purchase arrangement” means a purchase of swine by a packer that—
(A) is not a negotiated purchase, swine or pork market formula purchase, negotiated formula purchase, or other market formula purchase; and
(B) does not involve packer-owned swine.
(13) PackerThe term “packer” means any person engaged in the business of buying swine in commerce for purposes of slaughter, of manufacturing or preparing meats or meat food products from swine for sale or shipment in commerce, or of marketing meats or meat food products from swine in an unmanufactured form acting as a wholesale broker, dealer, or distributor in commerce, except that—
(A) the term includes only a swine processing plant that is federally inspected;
(B) for any calendar year, the term includes only—
(i) a swine processing plant that slaughtered an average of at least 100,000 swine per year during the immediately preceding five calendar years; and
(ii) a person that slaughtered an average of at least 200,000 sows, boars, or any combination thereof, per year during the immediately preceding five calendar years; and
(C) in the case of a swine processing plant or person that did not slaughter swine during the immediately preceding 5 calendar years, the Secretary shall consider the plant capacity of the processing plant or person in determining whether the processing plant or person should be considered a packer under this part.
(14) Packer-owned swine
(15) Packer-sold swineThe term “packer-sold swine” means the swine that are—
(A) owned by a packer (including a subsidiary or affiliate of the packer) for more than 14 days immediately before sale for slaughter; and
(B) sold for slaughter to another packer.
(16) Pork
(17) Pork product
(18) Purchase dataThe term “purchase data” means all of the applicable data, including weight (if purchased live), for all swine purchased during the applicable reporting period, regardless of the expected delivery date of the swine, reported by—
(A) hog class;
(B) type of purchase; and
(C) packer-owned swine.
(19) Slaughter dataThe term “slaughter data” means all of the applicable data for all swine slaughtered by a packer during the applicable reporting period, regardless of when the price of the swine was negotiated or otherwise determined, reported by—
(A) hog class;
(B) type of purchase; and
(C) packer-owned swine.
(20) Sow
(21) Swine
(22) Swine or pork market formula purchase
(23) Type of purchaseThe term “type of purchase”, with respect to swine, means—
(A) a negotiated purchase;
(B) other market formula purchase;
(C) a swine or pork market formula purchase;
(D) a negotiated formula purchase; and
(E) other purchase arrangement.
(Aug. 14, 1946, ch. 966, title II, § 231, as added Pub. L. 106–78, title IX, § 911(2), Oct. 22, 1999, 113 Stat. 1193; amended Pub. L. 109–296, § 2, Oct. 5, 2006, 120 Stat. 1464; Pub. L. 114–54, title I, § 102(a), Sept. 30, 2015, 129 Stat. 513.)
§ 1635j. Mandatory reporting for swine
(a) EstablishmentThe Secretary shall establish a program of swine price information reporting that will—
(1) provide timely, accurate, and reliable market information;
(2) facilitate more informed marketing decisions; and
(3) promote competition in the swine slaughtering industry.
(b) General reporting provisions applicable to packers and the Secretary
(1) In general
(2) Packer-owned swine
(3) Packer-sold swineIf information regarding the type of purchase is required under this section, the information shall be reported according to the numbers and percentages of each type of purchase comprising—
(A) packer-sold swine; and
(B) all other swine.
(4) Additional information
(A) Review
(B) Outdated informationAfter public notice and an opportunity for comment, subject to subparagraph (C), the Secretary shall promulgate regulations that specify additional information that shall be reported under this section if the Secretary determines under the review under subparagraph (A) that—
(i) information that is currently required no longer accurately reflects the methods by which swine are valued and priced by packers; or
(ii) packers that slaughter a significant majority of the swine produced in the United States no longer use backfat or lean percentage factors as indicators of price.
(C) LimitationUnder subparagraph (B), the Secretary may not require packers to provide any new or additional information that—
(i) is not generally available or maintained by packers; or
(ii) would be otherwise unduly burdensome to provide.
(c) Daily reporting; barrows and gilts
(1) Prior day report
(A) In generalThe corporate officers or officially designated representatives of each packer processing plant that processes barrows or gilts shall report to the Secretary, for each business day of the packer, such information as the Secretary determines necessary and appropriate to—
(i) comply with the publication requirements of this section; and
(ii) provide for the timely access to the information by producers, packers, and other market participants.
(B) Reporting deadline and plants required to reportA packer required to report under subparagraph (A) shall—
(i) not later than 7:00 a.m. Central Time on each reporting day, report information regarding all barrows and gilts purchased or priced, and
(ii) not later than 9:00 a.m. Central Time on each reporting day, report information regarding all barrows and gilts slaughtered,
during the prior business day of the packer.
(C) Information requiredThe information from the prior business day of a packer required under this paragraph shall include—
(i) all purchase data, including—(I) the total number of—(aa) barrows and gilts purchased; and(bb) barrows and gilts scheduled for delivery; and(II) the base price and purchase data for slaughtered barrows and gilts for which a price has been established;
(ii) all slaughter data for the total number of barrows and gilts slaughtered, including—(I) information concerning the net price, which shall be equal to the total amount paid by a packer to a producer (including all premiums, less all discounts) per hundred pounds of carcass weight of barrows and gilts delivered at the plant—(aa) including any sum deducted from the price per hundredweight paid to a producer that reflects the repayment of a balance owed by the producer to the packer or the accumulation of a balance to later be repaid by the packer to the producer; and(bb) excluding any sum earlier paid to a producer that must later be repaid to the packer;(II) information concerning the average net price, which shall be equal to the quotient (stated per hundred pounds of carcass weight of barrows and gilts) obtained by dividing—(aa) the total amount paid for the barrows and gilts slaughtered at a packing plant during the applicable reporting period, including all premiums and discounts, and including any sum deducted from the price per hundredweight paid to a producer that reflects the repayment of a balance owed by the producer to the packer, or the accumulation of a balance to later be repaid by the packer to the producer, less all discounts; by(bb) the total carcass weight (in hundred pound increments) of the barrows and gilts;(III) information concerning the lowest net price, which shall be equal to the lowest net price paid for a single lot or a group of barrows or gilts slaughtered at a packing plant during the applicable reporting period per hundred pounds of carcass weight of barrows and gilts;(IV) information concerning the highest net price, which shall be equal to the highest net price paid for a single lot or group of barrows or gilts slaughtered at a packing plant during the applicable reporting period per hundred pounds of carcass weight of barrows and gilts;(V) the average carcass weight, which shall be equal to the quotient obtained by dividing—(aa) the total carcass weight of the barrows and gilts slaughtered at the packing plant during the applicable reporting period, by(bb) the number of the barrows and gilts described in item (aa),(VI) the average sort loss, which shall be equal to the average discount (in dollars per hundred pounds carcass weight) for barrows and gilts slaughtered during the applicable reporting period, resulting from the fact that the barrows and gilts did not fall within the individual packer’s established carcass weight or lot variation range;(VII) the average backfat, which shall be equal to the average of the backfat thickness (in inches) measured between the third and fourth from the last ribs, 7 centimeters from the carcass split (or adjusted from the individual packer’s measurement to that reference point using an adjustment made by the Secretary) of the barrows and gilts slaughtered during the applicable reporting period;(VIII) the average lean percentage, which shall be equal to the average percentage of the carcass weight comprised of lean meat for the barrows and gilts slaughtered during the applicable reporting period, except that when a packer is required to report the average lean percentage under this subclause, the packer shall make available to the Secretary the underlying data, applicable methodology and formulae, and supporting materials used to determine the average lean percentage, which the Secretary may convert to the carcass measurements or lean percentage of the barrows and gilts of the individual packer to correlate to a common percent lean measurement; and(IX) the total slaughter quantity, which shall be equal to the total number of barrows and gilts slaughtered during the applicable reporting period, including all types of purchases and barrows and gilts that qualify as packer-owned swine; and
adjusted for special slaughter situations (such as skinning or foot removal), as the Secretary determines necessary to render comparable carcass weights;
(iii) packer purchase commitments, which shall be equal to the number of barrows and gilts scheduled for delivery to a packer for slaughter for each of the next 14 calendar days.
(D) Publication
(i) In generalThe Secretary shall publish the information obtained under this paragraph in a prior day report—(I) in the case of information regarding barrows and gilts purchased or priced, not later than 8:00 a.m. Central Time, and(II) in the case of information regarding barrows and gilts slaughtered, not later than 10:00 a.m. Central Time,
on the reporting day on which the information is received from the packer.
(ii) Price distributionsThe information published by the Secretary under clause (i) shall include—(I) a distribution of net prices in the range between and including the lowest net price and the highest net price reported;(II) a delineation of the number of barrows and gilts at each reported price level or, at the option of the Secretary, the number of barrows and gilts within each of a series of reasonable price bands within the range of prices; and(III) the total number and weighted average price of barrows and gilts purchased through negotiated purchases and negotiated formula purchases.
(2) Morning report
(A) In generalThe corporate officers or officially designated representatives of each packer processing plant that processes barrows or gilts shall report to the Secretary not later than 10:00 a.m. Central Time each reporting day—
(i) the packer’s best estimate of the total number of barrows and gilts, and barrows and gilts that qualify as packer-owned swine, expected to be purchased throughout the reporting day through each type of purchase;
(ii) the total number of barrows and gilts, and barrows and gilts that qualify as packer-owned swine, purchased up to that time of the reporting day through each type of purchase;
(iii) the base price paid for all base market hogs purchased up to that time of the reporting day through negotiated purchases; and
(iv) the base price paid for all base market hogs purchased through each type of purchase other than negotiated purchase up to that time of the reporting day, unless such information is unavailable due to pricing that is determined on a delayed basis.
(B) Publication
(3) Afternoon report
(A) In generalThe corporate officers or officially designated representatives of each packer processing plant that processes barrows or gilts shall report to the Secretary not later than 2:00 p.m. Central Time each reporting day—
(i) the packer’s best estimate of the total number of barrows and gilts, and barrows and gilts that qualify as packer-owned swine, expected to be purchased throughout the reporting day through each type of purchase;
(ii) the total number of barrows and gilts, and barrows and gilts that qualify as packer-owned swine, purchased up to that time of the reporting day through each type of purchase;
(iii) the base price paid for all base market hogs purchased up to that time of the reporting day through negotiated purchases; and
(iv) the base price paid for all base market hogs purchased up to that time of the reporting day through each type of purchase other than negotiated purchase, unless such information is unavailable due to pricing that is determined on a delayed basis.
(B) Publication
(C) Late in the day report information
(d) Daily reporting; sows and boars
(1) Prior day reportThe corporate officers or officially designated representatives of each packer of sows and boars shall report to the Secretary, for each business day of the packer, such information reported by hog class as the Secretary determines necessary and appropriate to—
(A) comply with the publication requirements of this section; and
(B) provide for the timely access to the information by producers, packers, and other market participants.
(2) Reporting
(3) Information requiredThe information from the prior business day of a packer required under this subsection shall include all purchase data, including—
(A) the total number of sows purchased and the total number of boars purchased, each divided into at least three reasonable and meaningful weight classes specified by the Secretary;
(B) the number of sows that qualify as packer-owned swine;
(C) the number of boars that qualify as packer-owned swine;
(D) the average price paid for all sows;
(E) the average price paid for all boars;
(F) the average price paid for sows in each weight class specified by the Secretary under subparagraph (A);
(G) the average price paid for boars in each weight class specified by the Secretary under subparagraph (A);
(H) the number of sows and the number of boars for which prices are determined, by each type of purchase;
(I) the average prices for sows and the average prices for boars for which prices are determined, by each type of purchase; and
(J) such other information as the Secretary considers appropriate to carry out this subsection.
(4) Price calculations without packer-owned swine
(5) Reporting exception: public auction purchases
(6) Publication
(7) Electronic submission of information
(e) Weekly noncarcass merit premium report
(1) In generalNot later than 4:00 p.m. Central Time on the first reporting day of each week, the corporate officers or officially designated representatives of each packer processing plant shall report to the Secretary a noncarcass merit premium report that lists—
(A) each category of standard noncarcass merit premiums used by the packer in the prior slaughter week; and
(B) the amount (in dollars per hundred pounds of carcass weight) paid to producers by the packer, by category.
(2) Premium list
(3) Availability
(4) Publication
(Aug. 14, 1946, ch. 966, title II, § 232, as added Pub. L. 106–78, title IX, § 911(2), Oct. 22, 1999, 113 Stat. 1195; amended Pub. L. 109–296, §§ 3, 4, Oct. 5, 2006, 120 Stat. 1465, 1468; Pub. L. 114–54, title I, § 102(b), Sept. 30, 2015, 129 Stat. 514.)
§ 1635k. Mandatory reporting of wholesale pork cuts
(a) Reporting
(b) Publication
(Aug. 14, 1946, ch. 966, title II, § 233, as added Pub. L. 111–239, § 2(b)(1), Sept. 27, 2010, 124 Stat. 2501.)