42 USC 5131 - Federal and State disaster preparedness programs

Collapse to view only § 5131. Federal and State disaster preparedness programs

§ 5131. Federal and State disaster preparedness programs
§ 5132. Disaster warnings
§ 5133. Predisaster hazard mitigation
§ 5134. Interagency task force
§ 5135. Grants to entities for establishment of hazard mitigation revolving loan funds
§ 5136. Natural hazard risk assessment
§ 5136a. Assistance and training for communities with technological hazards and related emerging threats

§ 5131. Federal and State disaster preparedness programs

(a) Utilization of services of other agencies

The President is authorized to establish a program of disaster preparedness that utilizes services of all appropriate agencies and includes—

(1) preparation of disaster preparedness plans for mitigation, warning, emergency operations, rehabilitation, and recovery;

(2) training and exercises;

(3) postdisaster critiques and evaluations;

(4) annual review of programs;

(5) coordination of Federal, State, and local preparedness programs;

(6) application of science and technology;

(7) research.

(b) Technical assistance for the development of plans and programs

Upon application by a State, the President is authorized to make grants, not to exceed in the aggregate to such State $250,000, for the development of plans, programs, and capabilities for disaster preparedness and prevention. Such grants shall be applied for within one year from May 22, 1974. Any State desiring financial assistance under this section shall designate or create an agency to plan and administer such a disaster preparedness program, and shall, through such agency, submit a State plan to the President, which shall—

(1) set forth a comprehensive and detailed State program for preparation against and assistance following, emergencies and major disasters, including provisions for assistance to individuals, businesses, and local governments; and

(2) include provisions for appointment and training of appropriate staffs, formulation of necessary regulations and procedures and conduct of required exercises.

(d) Grants for improvement, maintenance, and updating of State plans

(Pub. L. 93–288, title II, § 201, May 22, 1974, 88 Stat. 145; Pub. L. 100–707, title I, § 104, Nov. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 4690.)

§ 5132. Disaster warnings

(a) Readiness of Federal agencies to issue warnings to State and local officials

(b) Technical assistance to State and local governments for effective warnings

(d) Agreements with commercial communications systems for use of facilities

(Pub. L. 93–288, title II, § 202, May 22, 1974, 88 Stat. 145; Pub. L. 103–337, div. C, title XXXIV, § 3412(b)(1), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 3111.)

§ 5133. Predisaster hazard mitigation

(a) Definition of small impoverished community

(b) Establishment of program

(d) State recommendations

(1) In general

(A) Recommendations

(B) Deadline for submission

(2) Use

(A) In general

(B) Extraordinary circumstances

(3) Effect of failure to nominate

(e) Uses of technical and financial assistance

(1) In generalTechnical and financial assistance provided under this section—

(A) shall be used by States and local governments principally to implement predisaster hazard mitigation measures that are cost-effective and are described in proposals approved by the President under this section; and

(B) may be used—

(i) to support effective public-private natural disaster hazard mitigation partnerships;

(ii) to improve the assessment of a community’s vulnerability to natural hazards;

(iii) to establish hazard mitigation priorities, and an appropriate hazard mitigation plan, for a community; or

(iv) to establish and carry out enforcement activities and implement the latest published editions of relevant consensus-based codes, specifications, and standards that incorporate the latest hazard-resistant designs and establish minimum acceptable criteria for the design, construction, and maintenance of residential structures and facilities that may be eligible for assistance under this chapter for the purpose of protecting the health, safety, and general welfare of the buildings’ users against disasters.

(2) Dissemination

(f) Allocation of funds

(1) In general

(2) Minimum and maximum amountsIn providing financial assistance under this section, the President shall ensure that the amount of financial assistance made available to a State (including amounts made available to local governments of the State) for a fiscal year—

(A) is not less than the lesser of—

(i) $575,000; or

(ii) the amount that is equal to 1 percent of the total funds appropriated to carry out this section for the fiscal year; and

(B) does not exceed the amount that is equal to 15 percent of the total funds appropriated to carry out this section for the fiscal year.

(3) Redistribution of unobligated amountsThe President may—

(A) withdraw amounts of financial assistance made available to a State (including amounts made available to local governments of a State) under this subsection that remain unobligated by the end of the third fiscal year after the fiscal year for which the amounts were allocated; and

(B) in the fiscal year following a fiscal year in which amounts were withdrawn under subparagraph (A), add the amounts to any other amounts available to be awarded on a competitive basis pursuant to paragraph (1).

(g) Criteria for assistance awardsIn determining whether to provide technical and financial assistance to a State or local government under this section, the President shall provide financial assistance only in States that have received a major disaster declaration in the previous 7 years, or to any Indian tribal government located partially or entirely within the boundaries of such States, and take into account—

(1) the extent and nature of the hazards to be mitigated;

(2) the degree of commitment of the State or local government to reduce damages from future natural disasters;

(3) the degree of commitment by the State or local government to support ongoing non-Federal support for the hazard mitigation measures to be carried out using the technical and financial assistance;

(4) the extent to which the hazard mitigation measures to be carried out using the technical and financial assistance contribute to the mitigation goals and priorities established by the State;

(5) the extent to which the technical and financial assistance is consistent with other assistance provided under this chapter;

(6) the extent to which prioritized, cost-effective mitigation activities that produce meaningful and definable outcomes are clearly identified;

(7) if the State or local government has submitted a mitigation plan under section 5165 of this title, the extent to which the activities identified under paragraph (6) are consistent with the mitigation plan;

(8) the opportunity to fund activities that maximize net benefits to society;

(9) the extent to which assistance will fund mitigation activities in small impoverished communities;

(10) the extent to which the State, local, Indian tribal, or territorial government has facilitated the adoption and enforcement of the latest published editions of relevant consensus-based codes, specifications, and standards, including amendments made by State, local, Indian tribal, or territorial governments during the adoption process that incorporate the latest hazard-resistant designs and establish criteria for the design, construction, and maintenance of residential structures and facilities that may be eligible for assistance under this chapter for the purpose of protecting the health, safety, and general welfare of the buildings’ users against disasters;

(11) the extent to which the assistance will fund activities that increase the level of resiliency; and

(12) such other criteria as the President establishes in consultation with State and local governments.

(h) Federal share

(1) In general

(2) Small impoverished communities

(i) National public infrastructure predisaster mitigation assistance

(1) In general

(2) Estimated aggregate amount

(3) No reduction in amounts

(j) Multihazard advisory maps

(1) Definition of multihazard advisory map

(2) Development of maps

(3) Use of technology

(4) Use of maps

(A) Advisory nature

(B) Availability of mapsThe multihazard advisory maps shall be made available to the appropriate State and local governments for the purposes of—

(i) informing the general public about the risks of natural hazards in the areas described in paragraph (2);

(ii) supporting the activities described in subsection (e); and

(iii) other public uses.

(k) Report on Federal and State administration

(l) Prohibition on earmarks

(1) Definition

(2) Prohibition

(3) Certification to Congress

(Pub. L. 93–288, title II, § 203, as added Pub. L. 106–390, title I, § 102(a), Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1553; amended Pub. L. 108–199, div. H, § 135, Jan. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 441; Pub. L. 108–447, div. J, title I, § 105, Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 3343; Pub. L. 109–139, § 2, Dec. 22, 2005, 119 Stat. 2649; Pub. L. 110–329, div. D, title V, § 553, Sept. 30, 2008, 122 Stat. 3690; Pub. L. 111–83, title V, § 543, Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2176; Pub. L. 111–351, §§ 3(a), (b), 4, Jan. 4, 2011, 124 Stat. 3864; Pub. L. 115–254, div. D, § 1234(a), (d), Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3461, 3463.)

§ 5134. Interagency task force

(a) In general

(b) Chairperson

The membership of the task force shall include representatives of—

(1) relevant Federal agencies;

(2) State and local government organizations (including Indian tribes); and

(3) the American Red Cross.

(Pub. L. 93–288, title II, § 204, as added Pub. L. 106–390, title I, § 103, Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1557; amended Pub. L. 111–351, § 3(c)(2), Jan. 4, 2011, 124 Stat. 3864.)

§ 5135. Grants to entities for establishment of hazard mitigation revolving loan funds

(a) General authority

(1) In generalThe Administrator may enter into agreements with eligible entities to make capitalization grants to such entities for the establishment of hazard mitigation revolving loan funds (referred to in this section as “entity loan funds”) for providing funding assistance to local governments to carry out eligible projects under this section to reduce disaster risks for homeowners, businesses, nonprofit organizations, and communities in order to decrease—

(A) the loss of life and property;

(B) the cost of insurance; and

(2) AgreementsAny agreement entered into under this section shall require the participating entity to—

(A) comply with the requirements of this section; and

(B) use accounting, audit, and fiscal procedures conforming to generally accepted accounting standards.

(b) Application

(1) In generalTo be eligible to receive a capitalization grant under this section, an eligible entity shall submit to the Administrator an application that includes the following:

(A) Project proposals comprised of local government hazard mitigation projects, on the condition that the entity provides public notice not less than 6 weeks prior to the submission of an application.

(B) An assessment of recurring major disaster vulnerabilities impacting the entity that demonstrates a risk to life and property.

(C) A description of how the hazard mitigation plan of the entity has or has not taken the vulnerabilities described in subparagraph (B) into account.

(D) A description about how the projects described in subparagraph (A) could conform with the hazard mitigation plan of the entity and of the unit of local government.

(E) A proposal of the systematic and regional approach to achieve resilience in a vulnerable area, including impacts to river basins, river corridors, watersheds, estuaries, bays, coastal regions, micro-basins, micro-watersheds, ecosystems, and areas at risk of earthquakes, tsunamis, droughts, severe storms, and wildfires, including the wildland-urban interface.

(2) Technical assistance

(1) Establishment of fund

(2) Fund managementExcept as provided in paragraph (3), entity loan funds shall—

(A) be administered by the agency responsible for emergency management; and

(B) include only—

(i) funds provided by a capitalization grant under this section;

(ii) repayments of loans under this section to the entity loan fund; and

(iii) interest earned on amounts in the entity loan fund.

(3) AdministrationA participating entity may combine the financial administration of the entity loan fund of such entity with the financial administration of any other revolving fund established by such entity if the Administrator determines that—

(A) the capitalization grant, entity share, repayments of loans, and interest earned on amounts in the entity loan fund are accounted for separately from other amounts in the revolving fund; and

(B) the authority to establish assistance priorities and carry out oversight activities remains in the control of the entity agency responsible for emergency management.

(4) Entity share of funds

(A) In general

(B) Reduced grant

(d) Apportionment

(1) In general

(2) Reservation of fundsThe Administrator shall reserve not more than 2.5 percent of the amount made available to carry out this section for the Federal Emergency Management Agency for—

(A) administrative costs incurred in carrying out this section; and

(B) providing technical assistance to participating entities under subsection (b)(2).

(3) Priority

(A) propose projects increasing resilience and reducing risk of harm to natural and built infrastructure;

(B) involve a partnership between two or more eligible entities to carry out a project or similar projects;

(C) take into account regional impacts of hazards on river basins, river corridors, micro-watersheds, macro-watersheds, estuaries, lakes, bays, and coastal regions and areas at risk of earthquakes, tsunamis, droughts, severe storms, and wildfires, including the wildland-urban interface; or

(D) propose projects for the resilience of major economic sectors or critical national infrastructure, including ports, global commodity supply chain assets (located within an entity or within the jurisdiction of local governments and Tribal governments), power and water production and distribution centers, and bridges and waterways essential to interstate commerce.

(e) Environmental review of revolving loan fund projects

(f) Use of funds

(1) Types of assistanceAmounts deposited in an entity loan fund, including loan repayments and interest earned on such amounts, may be used—

(A) to make loans, on the condition that—

(i) such loans are made at an interest rate of not more than 1 percent;

(ii) annual principal and interest payments will commence not later than 1 year after completion of any project and all loans made under this subparagraph will be fully amortized—(I) not later than 20 years after the date on which the project is completed; or(II) for projects in a low-income geographic area, not later than 30 years after the date on which the project is completed and not longer than the expected design life of the project;

(iii) the loan recipient of a loan under this subparagraph establishes a dedicated source of revenue for repayment of the loan;

(iv) the loan recipient of a loan under this subparagraph has a hazard mitigation plan that has been approved by the Administrator; and

(v) the entity loan fund will be credited with all payments of principal and interest on all loans made under this subparagraph;

(B) for mitigation efforts, in addition to mitigation planning under section 5165 of this title not to exceed 10 percent of the capitalization grants made to the participating entity in a fiscal year;

(C) for the reasonable costs of administering the fund and conducting activities under this section, except that such amounts shall not exceed $100,000 per year, 2 percent of the capitalization grants made to the participating entity in a fiscal year, or 1 percent of the value of the entity loan fund, whichever amount is greatest, plus the amount of any fees collected by the entity for such purpose regardless of the source; and

(D) to earn interest on the entity loan fund.

(2) Prohibition on determination that loan is a duplication

(3) Projects and activities eligible for assistanceExcept as provided in this subsection, a participating entity may use funds in the entity loan fund to provide financial assistance for projects or activities that mitigate the impacts of natural hazards including—

(A) drought and prolonged episodes of intense heat;

(B) severe storms, including hurricanes, tornados, wind storms, cyclones, and severe winter storms;

(D) earthquakes;

(E) flooding, including the construction, repair, or replacement of a non-Federal levee or other flood control structure, provided that the Administrator, in consultation with the Army Corps of Engineers (if appropriate), requires an eligible entity to determine that such levee or structure is designed, constructed, and maintained in accordance with sound engineering practices and standards equivalent to the purpose for which such levee or structure is intended;

(F) shoreline erosion;

(G) high water levels; and

(H) storm surges.

(4) Zoning and land use planning changesA participating entity may use not more than 10 percent of a capitalization grant under this section to enable units of local government to implement zoning and land use planning changes focused on—

(A) the development and improvement of zoning and land use codes that incentivize and encourage low-impact development, resilient wildland-urban interface land management and development, natural infrastructure, green stormwater management, conservation areas adjacent to floodplains, implementation of watershed or greenway master plans, and reconnection of floodplains;

(B) the study and creation of agricultural risk compensation districts where there is a desire to remove or set-back levees protecting highly developed agricultural land to mitigate for flooding, allowing agricultural producers to receive compensation for assuming greater flood risk that would alleviate flood exposure to population centers and areas with critical national infrastructure;

(C) the study and creation of land use incentives that reward developers for greater reliance on low impact development stormwater best management practices, exchange density increases for increased open space and improvement of neighborhood catch basins to mitigate urban flooding, reward developers for including and augmenting natural infrastructure adjacent to and around building projects without reliance on increased sprawl, and reward developers for addressing wildfire ignition; and

(D) the study and creation of an erosion response plan that accommodates river, lake, forest, plains, and ocean shoreline retreating or bluff stabilization due to increased flooding and disaster impacts.

(5) Establishing and carrying out building code enforcement

(6) Administrative and technical costsFor each fiscal year, a participating entity may use the amount described in paragraph (1)(C) to—

(A) pay the reasonable costs of administering the programs under this section, including the cost of establishing an entity loan fund; and

(B) provide technical assistance to recipients of financial assistance from the entity loan fund, on the condition that such technical assistance does not exceed 5 percent of the capitalization grant made to such entity.

(7) Limitation for single projects

(8) Requirements

(g) Intended use plans

(1) In general

(2) Contents of planAn entity intended use plan prepared under paragraph (1) shall include—

(A) the integration of entity planning efforts, including entity hazard mitigation plans and other programs and initiatives relating to mitigation of major disasters carried out by such entity;

(B) an explanation of the mitigation and resiliency benefits the entity intends to achieve by—

(i) reducing future damage and loss associated with hazards;

(ii) reducing the number of severe repetitive loss structures and repetitive loss structures in the entity;

(iii) decreasing the number of insurance claims in the entity from injuries resulting from major disasters or other natural hazards; and

(iv) increasing the rating under the community rating system under section 4022(b) of this title for communities in the entity;

(C) information on the availability of, and application process for, financial assistance from the entity loan fund of such entity;

(D) the criteria and methods established for the distribution of funds;

(E) the amount of financial assistance that the entity anticipates apportioning;

(F) the expected terms of the assistance provided from the entity loan fund; and

(G) a description of the financial status of the entity loan fund, including short-term and long-term goals for the fund.

(h) Audits, reports, publications, and oversight

(1) Biennial entity audit and reportBeginning not later than the last day of the second fiscal year after the receipt of payments under this section, and biennially thereafter, any participating entity shall—

(A) conduct an audit of the entity loan fund established under subsection (c); and

(B) provide to the Administrator a report including—

(i) the result of any such audit; and

(ii) a review of the effectiveness of the entity loan fund of the entity with respect to meeting the goals and intended benefits described in the intended use plan submitted by the entity under subsection (g).

(2) PublicationA participating entity shall publish and periodically update information about all projects receiving funding from the entity loan fund of such entity, including—

(A) the location of the project;

(B) the type and amount of assistance provided from the entity loan fund;

(D) the anticipated date of completion of the project.

(3) Oversight

(A) In general

(B) GAO requirements

(i) Regulations or guidanceThe Administrator shall issue such regulations or guidance as are necessary to—

(1) ensure that each participating entity uses funds as efficiently as possible;

(2) reduce waste, fraud, and abuse to the maximum extent possible; and

(3) require any party that receives funds directly or indirectly under this section, including a participating entity and a recipient of amounts from an entity loan fund, to use procedures with respect to the management of the funds that conform to generally accepted accounting standards.

(j) Waiver authorityUntil such time as the Administrator issues final regulations to implement this section, the Administrator may—

(1) waive notice and comment rulemaking, if the Administrator determines the waiver is necessary to expeditiously implement this section; and

(2) provide capitalization grants under this section as a pilot program.

(k) Liability protections

(l) GAO reportNot later than 1 year after the date on which the first entity loan fund is established under subsection (c), the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives a report that examines—

(1) the appropriateness of regulations and guidance issued by the Administrator for the program, including any oversight of the program;

(2) a description of the number of the entity loan funds established, the projects funded from such entity loan funds, and the extent to which projects funded by the loan funds adhere to any applicable hazard mitigation plans;

(3) the effectiveness of the entity loan funds to lower disaster related costs; and

(4) recommendations for improving the administration of entity loan funds.

(m) DefinitionsIn this section, the following definitions apply:

(1) Administrator

(2) Agency

(3) Eligible entity

(4) Hazard mitigation plan

(5) Low-income geographic area

(6) Participating entity

(7) Repetitive loss structure

(8) Severe repetitive loss structure

(9) Wildland-urban interface

(n) Authorization of appropriations

(Pub. L. 93–288, title II, § 205, as added Pub. L. 116–284, § 2, Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4869; amended Pub. L. 117–328, div. F, title V, § 540, Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 4756.)

§ 5136. Natural hazard risk assessment

(a) DefinitionsIn this section:

(1) Community disaster resilience zone

(2) Eligible entityThe term “eligible entity” means—

(A) a State;

(B) an Indian tribal government; or

(b) ProductsThe President shall continue to maintain a natural hazard assessment program that develops and maintains products that—

(1) are available to the public; and

(2) define natural hazard risk across the United States.

(c) FeaturesThe products maintained under subsection (b) shall, for lands within States and areas under the jurisdiction of Indian tribal governments—

(1) show the risk of natural hazards; and

(2) include ratings and data for—

(A) loss exposure, including population equivalence, buildings, and agriculture;

(B) social vulnerability;

(D) any other element determined by the President.

(d) Community disaster resilience zones designation

(1) In generalNot later than 30 days after the date on which the President makes the update and enhancement required under subsection (e)(4), and not less frequently than every 5 years thereafter, the President shall identify and designate community disaster resilience zones, which shall be—

(A) the 50 census tracts assigned the highest individual hazard risk ratings; and

(B) subject to paragraph (3), in each State, not less than 1 percent of census tracts that are assigned high individual risk ratings.

(2) Risk ratingsIn carrying out paragraph (1), the President shall use census tract risk ratings derived from a product maintained under subsection (b) that—

(A) reflect—

(i) high levels of individual hazard risk ratings based on an assessment of the intersection of—(I) loss to population equivalence;(II) building value; and(III) agriculture value;

(ii) high social vulnerability ratings and low community resilience ratings; and

(iii) any other elements determined by the President; and

(B) reflect the principal natural hazard risks identified for the respective census tracts.

(3) Geographic balanceIn identifying and designating the community disaster resilience zones described in paragraph (1)(B)—

(A) for the purpose of achieving geographic balance, when applicable, the President shall consider making designations in coastal, inland, urban, suburban, and rural areas; and

(B) the President shall include census tracts on Tribal lands located within a State.

(4) Duration

(e) Review and updateNot later than 180 days after December 20, 2022, and not less frequently than every 5 years thereafter, the President shall—

(1) with respect to any product that is a natural hazard risk assessment—

(A) review the underlying methodology of the product; and

(B) receive public input on the methodology and data used for the product;

(2) consider including additional data in any product that is a natural hazard risk assessment, such as—

(A) the most recent census tract data;

(B) data from the American Community Survey of the Bureau of the Census, a successor survey, a similar survey, or another data source, including data by census tract on housing characteristics and income;

(D) data that assesses past and future loss exposure, including analysis on the effects of a changing climate on future loss exposure;

(E) data from the Resilience Analysis and Planning Tool of the Federal Emergency Management Agency; and

(F) other information relevant to prioritizing areas that have—

(i) high risk levels of—(I) natural hazard loss exposure, including population equivalence, buildings, infrastructure, and agriculture; and(II) social vulnerability; and

(ii) low levels of community resilience;

(3) make publicly available any changes in methodology or data used to inform an update to a product maintained under subsection (b); and

(4) update and enhance the products maintained under subsection (b), as necessary.

(f) Natural hazard risk assessment insightsIn determining additional data to include in products that are natural hazard risk assessments under subsection (e)(2), the President shall consult with, at a minimum—

(1) the Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency;

(2) the Secretary of Agriculture and the Chief of the Forest Service;

(3) the Secretary of Commerce, the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Director of the Bureau of the Census, and the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology;

(4) the Secretary of Defense and the Commanding Officer of the United States Army Corps of Engineers;

(5) the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency;

(6) the Secretary of the Interior and the Director of the United States Geological Survey;

(7) the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development; and

(8) the Director of the Federal Housing Finance Agency.

(g) Community disaster resilience zone

(h) Resilience or mitigation project planning assistance

(1) In general

(2) Purpose

(3) Application

(4) Funding

(i) Community disaster resilience zone project applications

(1) In general

(2) Evaluation and certification

(A) In generalNot later than 120 days after the date on which an eligible entity submits an application under paragraph (1), the President shall evaluate the application to determine whether the resilience or mitigation project that the entity plans to perform within, or that primarily benefits, a community disaster resilience zone—

(i) is designed to reduce injuries, loss of life, and damage and destruction of property, such as damage to critical services and facilities; and

(ii) substantially reduces the risk of, or increases resilience to, future damage, hardship, loss, or suffering.

(B) Certification

(3) Projects causing displacementWith respect to a resilience or mitigation project certified under paragraph (2)(B) that involves the displacement of a resident from any occupied housing unit, the entity performing the resilience or mitigation project shall—

(A) provide, at the option of the resident, a suitable and habitable housing unit that is, with respect to the housing unit from which the resident is displaced—

(i) of a comparable size;

(ii) located in the same local community or a community with reduced hazard risk; and

(iii) offered under similar costs, conditions, and terms;

(B) ensure that property acquisitions resulting from the displacement and made in connection with the resilience or mitigation project—

(i) are deed restricted in perpetuity to preclude future property uses not relating to mitigation or resilience; and

(ii) are the result of a voluntary decision by the resident; and

(Pub. L. 93–288, title II, § 206, as added Pub. L. 117–255, § 3(a), Dec. 20, 2022, 136 Stat. 2363.)

§ 5136a. Assistance and training for communities with technological hazards and related emerging threats

(a) In general

(b) AuthoritiesThe Administrator shall carry out subsection (a) in accordance with—

(1) the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5121 et seq.);

(2)section 5196g of this title; and

(3) the Post-Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act of 2006 (Public Law 109–295; 120 Stat. 1394).

(1) use any available and appropriate multi-hazard risk assessment and mapping tools and capabilities to identify the communities that have the highest risk of and vulnerability to a technological hazard in each State; and

(2) ensure each State and Indian Tribal government is aware of—

(A) the communities identified under paragraph (1); and

(B) the availability of programming under this section for—

(i) technological hazards and related emerging threats preparedness; and

(ii) building community capability.

(d) ReportNot later than 1 year after December 23, 2022, and annually thereafter, the Administrator shall submit to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate, the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate, the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate, the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate, the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives, the Committee on Homeland Security of the House of Representatives, the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives a report relating to—

(1) actions taken to implement this section; and

(2) technological hazards and related emerging threats preparedness programming provided under this section during the 1-year period preceding the date of submission of the report.

(e) Consultation

(f) Coordination

(g) Non-duplication of effort

(Pub. L. 117–263, div. G, title LXXIII, § 7313, Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3689.)