Collapse to view only § 2991. Short title
- § 2991. Short title
- § 2991a. Congressional statement of purpose
- § 2991b. Financial assistance for Native American projects
- § 2991b-1. Loan fund; demonstration project
- § 2991b-2. Establishment of Administration for Native Americans
- § 2991b-3. Grant program to ensure survival and continuing vitality of Native American languages
- § 2991c. Technical assistance and training
- § 2991d. Research, demonstration, and pilot projects
- § 2991d-1. Panel review of applications for assistance
- § 2991e. Announcement of research, demonstration, or pilot projects
- § 2991f. Submission of plans to State and local officials
- § 2991g. Records and audits
- § 2991h. Appeals, notice, and hearing
- § 2992. Evaluation of projects
- § 2992-1. Annual report
- § 2992a. Labor standards
- § 2992a-1. Staff
- § 2992b. Administration
- § 2992b-1. Additional requirements applicable to rulemaking
- § 2992c. Definitions
- § 2992d. Authorization of appropriations
- §§ 2993 to 2993b. Repealed.
- §§ 2994 to 2994d. Repealed.
§ 2991. Short title
This subchapter may be cited as the “Native American Programs Act of 1974”.
(Pub. L. 88–452, title VIII, § 801, as added Pub. L. 93–644, § 11, Jan. 4, 1975, 88 Stat. 2323.)
§ 2991a. Congressional statement of purpose
The purpose of this subchapter is to promote the goal of economic and social self-sufficiency for American Indians, Native Hawaiians, other Native American Pacific Islanders (including American Samoan Natives), and Alaska Natives.
(Pub. L. 88–452, title VIII, § 802, as added Pub. L. 93–644, § 11, Jan. 4, 1975, 88 Stat. 2324; amended Pub. L. 100–175, title V, §§ 504(b)(1), 506(c)(1), Nov. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 975, 978; Pub. L. 102–375, title VIII, § 822(21), Sept. 30, 1992, 106 Stat. 1300; Pub. L. 103–171, § 5(1), Dec. 2, 1993, 107 Stat. 1991.)
§ 2991b. Financial assistance for Native American projects
(a) Authorization for financial assistance to public and nonprofit agencies; consultation with other Federal agencies to avoid duplication
(b) Economic development
(1) In general
(2) PriorityWith regard to not less than 50 percent of the total amount available for assistance under this section, the Commissioner shall give priority to any application seeking assistance for—
(A) the development of a Tribal code or court system for purposes of economic development, including commercial codes, training for court personnel, regulation pursuant to section 261 of title 25, and the development of nonprofit subsidiaries or other Tribal business structures;
(B) the development of a community development financial institution, including training and administrative expenses; or
(C) the development of a Tribal master plan for community and economic development and infrastructure.
(c) Limitations of financial assistance; exceptions; non-Federal contributions
(d) Assistance as addition to, and not substitution for, activities previously carried out without Federal assistance; waiver; nonreservation areas
(1) No project shall be approved for assistance under this subchapter unless the Commissioner is satisfied that the activities to be carried out under such project will be in addition to, and not in substitution for, comparable activities previously carried out without Federal assistance, except that the Commissioner may waive this requirement in any case in which the Commissioner determines, in accordance with regulations establishing objective criteria, that application of the requirement would result in unnecessary hardship or otherwise be inconsistent with the purposes of this subchapter.
(2) No project may be disapproved for assistance under this subchapter solely because the agency requesting such assistance is an Indian organization in a nonreservation area or serves Indians in a nonreservation area.
(e) Grants to improve Tribal regulation of environmental quality
(1) The Commissioner shall award grants to Indian Tribes for the purpose of funding 80 percent of the costs of planning, developing, and implementing programs designed to improve the capability of the governing body of the Indian Tribe to regulate environmental quality pursuant to Federal and Tribal environmental laws.
(2) The purposes for which funds provided under any grant awarded under paragraph (1) may be used include, but are not limited to—
(A) the training and education of employees responsible for enforcing, or monitoring compliance with, environmental quality laws,
(B) the development of Tribal laws on environmental quality, and
(C) the enforcement and monitoring of environmental quality laws.
(3) The 20 percent of the costs of planning, developing, and implementing a program for which a grant is awarded under paragraph (1) that are not to be paid from such grant may be paid by the grant recipient in cash or through the provision of property or services, but only to the extent that such cash or property is from any source (including any Federal agency) other than a program, contract, or grant authorized under this subchapter.
(4) Grants shall be awarded under paragraph (1) on the basis of applications that are submitted by Indian Tribes to the Commissioner in such form as the Commissioner shall prescribe.
(Pub. L. 88–452, title VIII, § 803, as added Pub. L. 93–644, § 11, Jan. 4, 1975, 88 Stat. 2324; amended Pub. L. 95–568, § 17(a)(39), Nov. 2, 1978, 92 Stat. 2443; Pub. L. 98–558, title X, § 1002, Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 2905; Pub. L. 100–175, title V, §§ 502(1), 504(a), 506(c)(2), Nov. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 973, 975, 978; Pub. L. 101–408, § 2, Oct. 4, 1990, 104 Stat. 883; Pub. L. 102–375, title VIII, § 822(1), (21), Sept. 30, 1992, 106 Stat. 1295, 1300; Pub. L. 102–497, § 9(a), Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3257; Pub. L. 103–171, § 5(2), Dec. 2, 1993, 107 Stat. 1991; Pub. L. 116–261, § 5(a), (d), Dec. 30, 2020, 134 Stat. 3313, 3314.)
§ 2991b–1. Loan fund; demonstration project
(a) Grant to Office of Hawaiian Affairs to establish revolving loan fund; purposes of fund; administrative costs; matching funds
(1) In order to provide funding that is not available from private sources, the Commissioner shall award a grant to the Office of Hawaiian Affairs of the State of Hawaii (referred to in this section as the “Office”), which shall use that grant to carry out, in the State of Hawaii, a demonstration project involving the establishment of a revolving loan fund—
(A) from which the Office shall make loans or loan guarantees to Native Hawaiian organizations and to individual Native Hawaiians for the purpose of promoting economic development in the State of Hawaii; and
(B) into which all payments, interest, charges, and other amounts collected from loans made under subparagraph (A) shall be deposited notwithstanding any other provision of law.
(2) The agreement under which a grant is awarded under paragraph (1) shall contain provisions which set forth the administrative costs of the grantee that are to be paid out of the funds provided under the grant and a requirement that the grantee contribute to the revolving loan fund an amount of non-Federal funds equal to the amount of such grant.
(b) Loans or loan guarantees to borrowers; determinations; term; interest rate; default and collection procedures; prohibition on self-lending
(1) The Office may make a loan or loan guarantee to a borrower under subsection (a)(1)(A) only if the Office determines that—
(A) the borrower is unable to obtain financing from other sources on reasonable terms and conditions; and
(B) there is a reasonable prospect that the borrower will repay the loan.
(2) Each loan or loan guarantee made under subsection (a)(1)(A) shall be—
(A) for a term that does not exceed 7 years; and
(B) at a rate of interest that does not exceed a rate equal to the sum of—(I) the most recently published prime rate (as published in the newspapers of general circulation in the State of Hawaii before the date on which the loan is made); and(II) 3 percentage points.
(3) The Office may require any borrower of a loan made under subsection (a)(1)(A) to provide such collateral as the Office determines to be necessary to secure the loan.
(4) Prior to making loans under subsection (a)(1)(A), the Office shall establish written procedures and definitions pertaining to defaults and collections of payments under the loans which shall be subject to the review and approval of the Commissioner. Such Office shall provide to each applicant for a loan under subsection (a)(1)(A), at the time application for the loan is made, a written copy of such procedures and definitions.
(5) The Office may not lend to itself any of the funds awarded under the grant.
(c) Notice to Commissioner of loans in default and uncollectability of such loans; instructions by Commissioner
(1) The Office shall provide the Commissioner at regular intervals written notice of each loan made under subsection (a)(1)(A) that is in default and the status of such loan.
(2)
(A) After making reasonable efforts to collect all amounts payable under a loan made under subsection (a)(1)(A) that is in default, the Office shall notify the Commissioner that such loan is uncollectable or collectable only at an unreasonable cost. Such notice shall include recommendations for future action to be taken by the Office.
(B) Upon receiving such notice, the Commissioner shall instruct the Office—
(i) to continue with its collection activities;
(ii) to cancel, adjust, compromise, or reduce the amount of such loan; or
(iii) to modify any term or condition of such loan, including any term or condition relating to the rate of interest or the time of payment of any installment of principal or interest, or portion thereof, that is payable under such loan.
(C) The Office shall carry out all instructions received under subparagraph (B) from the Commissioner.
(d) Payment of administrative costs; management and technical assistance
(1) The Office shall, out of funds available in the revolving loan fund established under such subsection—
(A) pay expenses incurred by the Office in administering the revolving loan fund; and
(B) provide competent management and technical assistance to borrowers of loans made under subsection (a)(1)(A) to assist the borrowers to achieve the purposes of such loans.
(2) The Commissioner shall provide to the Office such management and technical assistance as the Office may request in order to carry out the provisions of this section.
(e) RegulationsNot later than 120 days after November 29, 1987, the Commissioner, in consultation with appropriate agencies of the State of Hawaii and community-based Native Hawaiian organizations, shall prescribe regulations which set forth the procedures and criteria to be used—
(1) in making loans under subsection (a)(1)(A); and
(2) in canceling, adjusting, compromising, and reducing under subsection (c) the outstanding amounts of such loans.
The Commissioner may prescribe such other regulations as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this section, including regulations involving reporting and auditing.
(f) Authorization of appropriations; investment in obligations of United States
(1) There is authorized to be appropriated for each of the fiscal years 2000 and 2001, $1,000,000 for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this section. Any amount appropriated under this paragraph shall remain available for expenditure without fiscal year limitation.
(2) The revolving loan fund that is required to be established under subsection (a)(1) shall be maintained as a separate account. Any portion of the revolving loan fund that is not required for expenditure shall be invested in obligations of the United States or in obligations guaranteed or insured by the United States.
(g) Reports to Congress; contents
(1) The Commissioner, in consultation with the Office, shall submit a report to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives not later than January 1 following each fiscal year, regarding the administration of this section in such fiscal year.
(2) Such report shall include the views and recommendations of the Commissioner with respect to the revolving loan fund established under subsection (a)(1) and with respect to loans made from such fund, and shall—
(A) describe the effectiveness of the operation of such fund in improving the economic and social self-sufficiency of Native Hawaiians;
(B) specify the number of loans made in such fiscal year;
(C) specify the number of loans outstanding as of the end of such fiscal year; and
(D) specify the number of borrowers who fail in such fiscal year to repay loans in accordance with the agreements under which such loans are required to be repaid.
(Pub. L. 88–452, title VIII, § 803A, as added Pub. L. 100–175, title V, § 506(a), Nov. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 976; amended Pub. L. 102–375, title VIII, § 822(2), Sept. 30, 1992, 106 Stat. 1296; Pub. L. 103–171, § 5(3), Dec. 2, 1993, 107 Stat. 1991; Pub. L. 105–361, § 3, Nov. 10, 1998, 112 Stat. 3278.)
§ 2991b–2. Establishment of Administration for Native Americans
(a) Establishment
(b) Commissioner
(c) Duties
The Commissioner shall—
(1) provide for financial assistance, loan funds, technical assistance, training, research and demonstration projects, and other activities, described in this subchapter;
(2) serve as the effective and visible advocate on behalf of Native Americans within the Department, and with other departments and agencies of the Federal Government regarding all Federal policies affecting Native Americans;
(3) with the assistance of the Intra-Departmental Council on Native American Affairs established by subsection (d)(1), coordinate activities within the Department leading to the development of policies, programs, and budgets, and their administration affecting Native Americans, and provide quarterly reports and recommendations to the Secretary;
(4) collect and disseminate information related to the social and economic conditions of Native Americans, and assist the Secretary in preparing an annual report to the Congress about such conditions;
(5) give preference to agencies described in section 2991b(a) of this title that are eligible for assistance under this subchapter, in entering into contracts for technical assistance, training, and evaluation under this subchapter; and
(6) encourage agencies that carry out projects under this subchapter, to give preference to Native Americans, in hiring and entering into contracts to carry out such projects.
(d) Intra-Departmental Council on Native American Affairs
(1) There is established in the Office of the Secretary the Intra-Departmental Council on Native American Affairs. The Commissioner shall be the chairperson of such Council and shall advise the Secretary on all matters affecting Native Americans that involve the Department. The Director of the Indian Health Service shall serve as vice chairperson of the Council.
(2) The membership of the Council shall be the heads of principal operating divisions within the Department, as determined by the Secretary, and such persons in the Office of the Secretary as the Secretary may designate.
(3) In addition to the duties described in subsection (c)(3), the Council shall, within 180 days following September 30, 1992, prepare a plan, including legislative recommendations, to allow Tribal governments and other organizations described in section 2991b(a) of this title to consolidate grants administered by the Department and to designate a single office to oversee and audit the grants. Such plan shall be submitted to the committees of the Senate and the House of Representatives having jurisdiction over the Administration for Native Americans.
(e) Staffing levels
(Pub. L. 88–452, title VIII, § 803B, as added Pub. L. 102–375, title VIII, § 822(3), Sept. 30, 1992, 106 Stat. 1296; amended Pub. L. 103–171, § 5(4), Dec. 2, 1993, 107 Stat. 1992; Pub. L. 116–261, § 5(d)(3), Dec. 30, 2020, 134 Stat. 3314.)
§ 2991b–3. Grant program to ensure survival and continuing vitality of Native American languages
(a) Authority to award grantsThe Secretary shall award a grant to any agency or organization that is—
(1) eligible for financial assistance under section 2991b(a) of this title; and
(2) selected under subsection (c);
to be used to assist Native Americans in ensuring the survival and continuing vitality of Native American languages.
(b) Purposes for which grants may be usedThe purposes for which each grant awarded under subsection (a) may be used include, but are not limited to—
(1) the establishment and support of a community Native American language project to bring older and younger Native Americans together to facilitate and encourage the transfer of Native American language skills from one generation to another;
(2) the establishment of a project to train Native Americans to teach a Native American language to others or to enable them to serve as interpreters or translators of such language;
(3) the development, printing, and dissemination of materials to be used for the teaching and enhancement of a Native American language;
(4) the establishment or support of a project to train Native Americans to produce or participate in a television or radio program to be broadcast in a Native American language;
(5) the compilation, transcription, and analysis of oral testimony to record and preserve a Native American language;
(6) the purchase of equipment (including audio and video recording equipment, computers, and software) required to conduct a Native American language project; and
(7)
(A) Native American language nests, which are site-based educational programs that—
(i) provide instruction and child care through the use of a Native American language for at least 5 children under the age of 7 for an average of at least 500 hours per year per student;
(ii) provide classes in a Native American language for parents (or legal guardians) of students enrolled in a Native American language nest (including Native American language-speaking parents); and
(iii) ensure that a Native American language is the dominant medium of instruction in the Native American language nest;
(B) Native American language survival schools, which are site-based educational programs for school-age students that—
(i) provide an average of at least 500 hours of instruction through the use of 1 or more Native American languages for at least 10 students for whom a Native American language survival school is their principal place of instruction;
(ii) develop instructional courses and materials for learning Native American languages and for instruction through the use of Native American languages;
(iii) provide for teacher training;
(iv) work toward a goal of all students achieving—(I) fluency in a Native American language; and(II) academic proficiency in mathematics, reading (or language arts), and science; and
(v) are located in areas that have high numbers or percentages of Native American students; and
(C) Native American language restoration programs, which are educational programs that—
(i) operate at least 1 Native American language program for the community in which it serves;
(ii) provide training programs for teachers of Native American languages;
(iii) develop instructional materials for the programs;
(iv) work toward a goal of increasing proficiency and fluency in at least 1 Native American language;
(v) provide instruction in at least 1 Native American language; and
(vi) may use funds received under this section for—(I) Native American language programs, such as Native American language immersion programs, Native American language and culture camps, Native American language programs provided in coordination and cooperation with educational entities, Native American language programs provided in coordination and cooperation with local universities and colleges, Native American language programs that use a master-apprentice model of learning languages, and Native American language programs provided through a regional program to better serve geographically dispersed students;(II) Native American language teacher training programs, such as training programs in Native American language translation for fluent speakers, training programs for Native American language teachers, training programs for teachers in schools to utilize Native American language materials, tools, and interactive media to teach Native American language; and(III) the development of Native American language materials, such as books, audio and visual tools, and interactive media programs.
(c) ApplicationsFor the purpose of making grants under subsection (a), the Secretary shall select applicants from among agencies and organizations described in such subsection on the basis of applications submitted to the Secretary at such time, in such form, and containing such information as the Secretary shall require, but each application shall include at a minimum—
(1) a detailed description of the current status of the Native American language to be addressed by the project for which a grant under subsection (a) is requested, including a description of existing programs and projects, if any, in support of such language;
(2) a detailed description of the project for which such grant is requested;
(3) a statement of objectives that are consonant with the purpose described in subsection (a);
(4) a detailed description of a plan to be carried out by the applicant to evaluate such project, consonant with the purpose for which such grant is made;
(5) if appropriate, an identification of opportunities for the replication of such project or the modification of such project for use by other Native Americans;
(6) a plan for the preservation of the products of the Native American language project for the benefit of future generations of Native Americans and other interested persons; and
(7) in the case of an application for a grant to carry out any purpose specified in subsection (b)(7)(B), a certification by the applicant that the applicant has not less than 3 years of experience in operating and administering a Native American language survival school, a Native American language nest, or any other educational program in which instruction is conducted in a Native American language.
(d) Participating organizations
(e) Limitations on funding
(1) ShareNotwithstanding any other provision of this subchapter, a grant made under subsection (a) may not be expended to pay more than 80 percent of the cost of the project that is assisted by such grant. Not less than 20 percent of such cost—
(A) shall be in cash or in kind, fairly evaluated, including plant, equipment, or services; and
(B)
(i) may be provided from any private or non-Federal source; and
(ii) may include funds (including interest) distributed to a Tribe—(I) by the Federal Government pursuant to the satisfaction of a claim made under Federal law;(II) from funds collected and administered by the Federal Government on behalf of such Tribe or its constituent members; or(III) by the Federal Government for general Tribal administration or Tribal development under a formula or subject to a Tribal budgeting priority system, such as, but not limited to, funds involved in the settlement of land or other judgment claims, severance or other royalty payments, or payments under the Indian Self-Determination Act (25 U.S.C. 450f et seq.) 1
1 See References in Text note below.
or Tribal budget priority system.(2) Duration
(f) Administration
(1) The Secretary shall carry out this section through the Administration for Native Americans.
(2)
(A) Not later than 180 days after October 26, 1992, the Secretary shall appoint a panel of experts for the purpose of assisting the Secretary to review—
(i) applications submitted under subsection (a);
(ii) evaluations carried out to comply with subsection (c)(4); and
(iii) the preservation of products required by subsection (c)(5).
(B) Such panel shall include, but not be limited to—
(i) a designee of the Institute of American Indian and Alaska Native Culture and Arts Development;
(ii) a designee of the regional centers funded under section 3215 1 of title 20;
(iii) representatives of national, Tribal, and regional organizations that focus on Native American language, or Native American cultural,2
2 So in original. The comma probably should not appear.
research, development, or training; and(iv) other individuals who are recognized for their expertise in the area of Native American language.
Recommendations for appointment to such panel shall be solicited from Indian Tribes and Tribal organizations.
(C) The duties of such panel include—
(i) making recommendations regarding the development and implementation of regulations, policies, procedures, and rules of general applicability with respect to the administration of this section;
(ii) reviewing applications received under subsection (c);
(iii) providing to the Secretary a list of recommendations for the approval of such applications—(I) in accordance with regulations issued by the Secretary; and(II) the relative need for the project; and
(iv) reviewing evaluations submitted to comply with subsection (c)(4).
(D)
(i) Subject to clause (ii), a copy of the products of the Native American language project for which a grant is made under subsection (a)—(I) shall be transmitted to the Institute of American Indian and Alaska Native Culture and Arts Development; and(II) may be transmitted, in the discretion of the grantee, to national and regional repositories of similar material;
for preservation and use consonant with their respective responsibilities under other Federal law.
(ii) Based on the Federal recognition of the sovereign authority of Indian Tribes over all aspects of their cultures and language and except as provided in clause (iii), an Indian Tribe may make a determination—(I) not to transmit copies of such products under clause (i) or not to permit the redistribution of such copies; or(II) to restrict in any manner the use or redistribution of such copies after transmission under such clause.
(iii) Clause (ii) shall not be construed to authorize Indian Tribes—(I) to limit the access of the Secretary to such products for purposes of administering this section or evaluating such products; or(II) to sell such products, or copies of such products, for profit to the entities referred to in clause (i).
(g) Emergency grants for Native American language preservation and maintenance
(Pub. L. 88–452, title VIII, § 803C, as added Pub. L. 102–524, § 2, Oct. 26, 1992, 106 Stat. 3434; amended Pub. L. 109–394, § 2, Dec. 14, 2006, 120 Stat. 2705; Pub. L. 116–101, § 2, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 3261; Pub. L. 116–261, § 5(d), Dec. 30, 2020, 134 Stat. 3314; Pub. L. 117–2, title XI, § 11004(b), Mar. 11, 2021, 135 Stat. 244.)
§ 2991c. Technical assistance and training
(a) In general
The Commissioner shall provide, directly or through other arrangements—
(1) technical assistance to the public and private agencies in planning, developing, conducting, and administering projects under this subchapter;
(2) short-term in-service training for specialized or other personnel that is needed in connection with projects receiving financial assistance under this subchapter; and
(3) upon denial of a grant application, technical assistance to a potential grantee in revising a grant proposal.
(b) Priority
(Pub. L. 88–452, title VIII, § 804, as added Pub. L. 102–375, title VIII, § 822(4), Sept. 30, 1992, 106 Stat. 1298; Pub. L. 116–261, § 5(b), Dec. 30, 2020, 134 Stat. 3313.)
§ 2991d. Research, demonstration, and pilot projects
(a) The Commissioner may provide financial assistance through grants or contracts for research, demonstration, or pilot projects conducted by public or private agencies which are designed to test or assist in the development of new approaches or methods that will aid in overcoming special problems or otherwise furthering the purposes of this subchapter.
(b) The Commissioner shall establish an overall plan to govern the approval of research, demonstration, and pilot projects and the use of all research authority under this subchapter. The plan shall set forth specific objectives to be achieved and priorities among such objectives.
(Pub. L. 88–452, title VIII, § 805, as added Pub. L. 93–644, § 11, Jan. 4, 1975, 88 Stat. 2324; amended Pub. L. 102–375, title VIII, § 822(5), Sept. 30, 1992, 106 Stat. 1298.)
§ 2991d–1. Panel review of applications for assistance
(a) Establishment of formal panel; members
(1) The Commissioner shall establish a formal panel review process for purposes of—
(A) evaluating applications for financial assistance under sections 2991b and 2991d of this title; and
(B) determining the relative merits of the projects for which such assistance is requested.
(2) To implement the process established under paragraph (1), the Commissioner shall appoint members of review panels from among individuals who are not officers or employees of the Administration for Native Americans. In making appointments to such panels, the Commissioner shall give preference to American Indians, Native Hawaiians, other Native American Pacific Islanders (including American Samoan Natives), and Alaska Natives.
(b) Duties of panelEach review panel appointed under subsection (a)(2) that reviews any application for financial assistance shall—
(1) determine the merit of each project described in such application;
(2) rank such application with respect to all other applications it reviews for the fiscal year involved, according to the relative merit of all of the projects that are described in such application and for which financial assistance is requested; and
(3) submit to the Commissioner a list that identifies all applications reviewed by such panel and arranges such applications according to rank determined under paragraph (2).
(c) Notice to Congressional committee chairman; information requiredUpon the request of the chairman of the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate or of the chairman of the Committee on Education and Labor of the House of Representatives made with respect to any application for financial assistance under section 2991b or 2991d of this title, the Commissioner shall transmit to the chairman written notice—
(1) identifying such application;
(2) containing a copy of the list submitted to the Commissioner under subsection (b)(3) in which such application is ranked;
(3) specifying which other applications ranked in such list have been approved by the Commissioner under sections 2991b and 2991d of this title; and
(4) if the Commissioner has not approved each application superior in merit, as indicated on such list, to the application with respect to which such notice is transmitted, containing a statement of the reasons relied upon by the Commissioner for—
(A) approving the application with respect to which such notice is transmitted; and
(B) failing to approve each pending application that is superior in merit, as indicated on such list, to the application described in subparagraph (A).
(Pub. L. 88–452, title VIII, § 806, as added and amended Pub. L. 100–175, title V, §§ 502(4), 504(b)(2), Nov. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 973, 975; Pub. L. 102–375, title VIII, § 822(6), (21), Sept. 30, 1992, 106 Stat. 1298, 1300; Pub. L. 103–171, § 5(5), Dec. 2, 1993, 107 Stat. 1992; Pub. L. 103–437, § 15(k), Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4593.)
§ 2991e. Announcement of research, demonstration, or pilot projects
(a) The Commissioner shall make a public announcement concerning—
(1) the title, purpose, intended completion date, identity of the grantee or contractor, and proposed cost of any grant or contract with a private or non-Federal public agency for a research, demonstration, or pilot project; and
(2) except in cases in which the Commissioner determines that it would not be consistent with the purposes of this subchapter, the results, findings, data, or recommendations made or reported as a result of such activities.
(b) The public announcements required by subsection (a) shall be made within thirty days of making such grants or contracts, and the public announcements required by subsection (b) of this section shall be made within thirty days of the receipt of such results.
(Pub. L. 88–452, title VIII, § 807, formerly § 806, as added Pub. L. 93–644, § 11, Jan. 4, 1975, 88 Stat. 2325; renumbered § 807, Pub. L. 100–175, title V, § 502(3), Nov. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 973; amended Pub. L. 102–375, title VIII, § 822(7), Sept. 30, 1992, 106 Stat. 1298.)
§ 2991f. Submission of plans to State and local officials
(a) Submission to governing body of Indian reservation or Alaska Native village
(b) Notification to chief executive officer of State or Territory
(c) Notification to local governing officials of political subdivision
(Pub. L. 88–452, title VIII, § 808, formerly § 807, as added Pub. L. 93–644, § 11, Jan. 4, 1975, 88 Stat. 2325; amended Pub. L. 95–568, § 17(a)(40), Nov. 2, 1978, 92 Stat. 2443; renumbered § 808 and amended Pub. L. 100–175, title V, §§ 502(3), 504(b)(3), Nov. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 973, 975; Pub. L. 102–375, title VIII, § 822(8), (21), Sept. 30, 1992, 106 Stat. 1298, 1300.)
§ 2991g. Records and audits
(a) Each agency which receives financial assistance under this subchapter shall keep such records as the Commissioner may prescribe, including records which fully disclose the amount and disposition by that agency of such financial assistance, the total cost of the project in connection with which such financial assistance is given or used, the amount of that portion of the cost of the project supplied by other sources, and such other records as will facilitate an effective audit.
(b) The Commissioner and the Comptroller General of the United States, or any of their duly authorized representatives, shall have access for the purpose of audit and examination to any books, documents, papers, and records of any agency which receives financial assistance under this subchapter that are pertinent to the financial assistance received under this subchapter.
(Pub. L. 88–452, title VIII, § 809, formerly § 808, as added Pub. L. 93–644, § 11, Jan. 4, 1975, 88 Stat. 2325; renumbered § 809, Pub. L. 100–175, title V, § 502(3), Nov. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 973; amended Pub. L. 102–375, title VIII, § 822(9), Sept. 30, 1992, 106 Stat. 1298.)
§ 2991h. Appeals, notice, and hearing
(a) The Commissioner shall prescribe procedures to assure that—
(1) financial assistance under this subchapter shall not be suspended, except in emergency situations, unless the assisted agency has been given reasonable notice and opportunity to show cause why such action should not be taken; and
(2) financial assistance under this subchapter shall not be terminated, and application for refunding shall not be denied, and a suspension of financial assistance shall not be continued for longer than thirty days, unless the assisted agency has been afforded reasonable notice and opportunity for a full and fair hearing.
(b) If an application is rejected on the grounds that the applicant is ineligible or that activities proposed by the applicant are ineligible for funding, the applicant may appeal to the Secretary, not later than 30 days after the date of receipt of notification of such rejection, for a review of the grounds for such rejection. On appeal, if the Secretary finds that an applicant is eligible or that its proposed activities are eligible, such eligibility shall not be effective until the next cycle of grant proposals are considered by the Administration.
(Pub. L. 88–452, title VIII, § 810, formerly § 809, as added Pub. L. 93–644, § 11, Jan. 4, 1975, 88 Stat. 2326; renumbered § 810, Pub. L. 100–175, title V, § 502(3), Nov. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 973; amended Pub. L. 102–375, title VIII, § 822(10), Sept. 30, 1992, 106 Stat. 1298.)
§ 2992. Evaluation of projects
(a) Description and measurement of project impact, effectiveness, and structure and mechanisms for delivery of services; frequency of evaluations
(1) The Commissioner shall provide, directly or through grants or contracts, for the evaluation of projects assisted under this subchapter including evaluations that describe and measure the impact of such projects, their effectiveness in achieving stated goals, their impact on related programs, and their structure and mechanisms for delivery of services, including, where appropriate, comparisons with appropriate control groups composed of persons who have not participated in such projects. Evaluations shall be conducted by persons not directly involved in the administration of the program or project evaluated.
(2) The projects assisted under this subchapter shall be evaluated in accordance with this section not less frequently than at 3-year intervals.
(b) General standards for evaluation
(c) Independent evaluations
(d) Specificity of views
(e) Publication of results; submission to Congress
(f) Evaluation results as United States property
(Pub. L. 88–452, title VIII, § 811, formerly § 810, as added Pub. L. 93–644, § 11, Jan. 4, 1975, 88 Stat. 2326; renumbered § 811, Pub. L. 100–175, title V, § 502(3), Nov. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 973; amended Pub. L. 102–375, title VIII, § 822(11), Sept. 30, 1992, 106 Stat. 1298.)
§ 2992–1. Annual report
The Secretary shall, not later than January 31 of each year, prepare and transmit to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives an annual report on the social and economic conditions of American Indians, Native Hawaiians, other Native American Pacific Islanders (including American Samoan Natives), and Alaska Natives, together with such recommendations to Congress as the Secretary considers to be appropriate.
(Pub. L. 88–452, title VIII, § 811A, as added Pub. L. 102–375, title VIII, § 822(12), Sept. 30, 1992, 106 Stat. 1299.)
§ 2992a. Labor standards
All laborers and mechanics employed by contractors or subcontractors in the construction, alteration, or repair, including painting or decorating, of buildings or other facilities in connection with projects assisted under this subchapter, shall be paid wages at rates not less than those prevailing on similar construction in the locality, as determined by the Secretary of Labor in accordance with sections 3141–3144, 3146, and 3147 of title 40. The Secretary of Labor shall have, with respect to such labor standards, the authority and functions set forth in Reorganization Plan Numbered 14 of 1950, and section 3145 of title 40.
(Pub. L. 88–452, title VIII, § 812, formerly § 811, as added Pub. L. 93–644, § 11, Jan. 4, 1975, 88 Stat. 2327; renumbered § 812, Pub. L. 100–175, title V, § 502(3), Nov. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 973.)
§ 2992a–1. Staff
In all personnel actions of the Administration, preference shall be given to individuals who are eligible for assistance under this subchapter. Such preference shall be implemented in the same fashion as the preference given to veterans referred to in section 2108(3)(C) of title 5. The Commissioner shall take such additional actions as may be necessary to promote recruitment of such individuals for employment in the Administration.
(Pub. L. 88–452, title VIII, § 812A, as added
§ 2992b. Administration
Nothing in this subchapter shall be construed to prohibit interagency funding agreements made between the Administration and other agencies of the Federal Government for the development and implementation of specific grants or projects.
(Pub. L. 88–452, title VIII, § 813, as added Pub. L. 102–375, title VIII, § 822(14), Sept. 30, 1992, 106 Stat. 1299.)
§ 2992b–1. Additional requirements applicable to rulemaking
(a) In general
(b) Interpretative rule or general statement of policy; waiver of notice and public procedure regarding any other rule
(1) Subparagraph (A) of the last sentence of section 553(b) of title 5 shall not apply with respect to any interpretative rule or general statement of policy—
(A) proposed under this subchapter; or
(B) applicable exclusively to any program, project, or activity authorized by, or carried out under, this subchapter.
(2) Subparagraph (B) of the last sentence of section 553(b) of title 5, shall not apply with respect to any rule (other than an interpretative rule or a general statement of policy)—
(A) proposed under this subchapter; or
(B) applicable exclusively to any program, project, or activity authorized by, or carried out under, this subchapter.
(3) The first 2 sentences of section 553(b) of title 5 shall apply with respect to any rule (other than an interpretative rule, a general statement of policy, or a rule of agency organization, procedure, or practice) that is—
(A) proposed under this subchapter; or
(B) applicable exclusively to any program, project, or activity authorized by, or carried out under, this subchapter;
unless the Secretary for good cause finds (and incorporates the finding and a brief statement of the reasons therefor in such rule) that notice and public procedure thereon are contrary to the public interest or would impair the effective administration of any program, project, or activity with respect to which such rule is issued.
(c) Effective date of rule or general statement of policyNotwithstanding section 553(d) of title 5, no rule (including an interpretative rule) or general statement of policy that—
(1) is issued to carry out this subchapter; or
(2) applies exclusively to any program, project, or activity authorized by, or carried out under, this subchapter;
may take effect until 30 days after the publication required under the first 2 sentences of section 553(b) of title 5.
(d) Statutory citation required
(e) Rule or general statement of policy necessary as result of legislation; time for issuance
(f) Copy of rule or general statement of policy to Congressional leaders
(Pub. L. 88–452, title VIII, § 814, as added Pub. L. 100–175, title V, § 503(a), Nov. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 974.)
§ 2992c. Definitions
As used in this subchapter, the term—
(1) “average” means the aggregate number of hours of instruction through the use of a Native American language to all students enrolled in a native language immersion program during a school year divided by the total number of students enrolled in the immersion program;
(2) “financial assistance” includes assistance advanced by grant, agreement, or contract, but does not include the procurement of plant or equipment, or goods or services;
(3) “Indian reservation or Alaska Native village” includes the reservation of any federally or State recognized Indian Tribe, including any band, nation, pueblo, or rancheria, any former reservation in Oklahoma, and community under the jurisdiction of an Indian Tribe, including a band, nation, pueblo, or rancheria, with allotted lands or lands subject to a restriction against alienation imposed by the United States or a State, and any lands of or under the jurisdiction of an Alaska Native village or group, including any lands selected by Alaska Natives or Alaska Native organizations under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act [43 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.];
(4) “Native Hawaiian” means any individual any of whose ancestors were natives of the area which consists of the Hawaiian Islands prior to 1778;
(5) the term “rule” has the meaning given it in section 551(4) of title 5, as amended from time to time;
(6) “Secretary” means the Secretary of Health and Human Services; and
(7) the term “Native American Pacific Islander” means an individual who is indigenous to a United States territory or possession located in the Pacific Ocean, and includes such individual while residing in the United States.
(Pub. L. 88–452, title VIII, § 815, formerly § 813, as added Pub. L. 93–644, § 11, Jan. 4, 1975, 88 Stat. 2327; amended Pub. L. 98–558, title X, § 1004, Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 2906; renumbered § 815 and amended Pub. L. 100–175, title V, §§ 502(2), 503(b), Nov. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 973, 975; Pub. L. 102–375, title VIII, § 822(21), Sept. 30, 1992, 106 Stat. 1300; Pub. L. 102–497, § 9(b), Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3257; Pub. L. 103–171, § 5(6), Dec. 2, 1993, 107 Stat. 1992; Pub. L. 109–394, § 3, Dec. 14, 2006, 120 Stat. 2707; Pub. L. 116–261, § 5(d)(1), Dec. 30, 2020, 134 Stat. 3314.)
§ 2992d. Authorization of appropriations
(a) There are authorized to be appropriated for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this subchapter (other than sections 2991b(e), 2991b–1, 2991b–3 of this title, subsection (d) of this section, and any other provision of this subchapter for which there is an express authorization of appropriations), $34,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2025.
(b) Not less than 90 per centum of the funds made available to carry out the provisions of this subchapter (other than sections 2991b(e), 2991b–1, 2991b–3, 2991c of this title, subsection (d) of this section, and any other provision of this subchapter for which there is an express authorization of appropriations) for a fiscal year shall be expended to carry out section 2991b(a) of this title for such fiscal year.
(c) There is authorized to be appropriated $8,000,000 for each of fiscal years 1999, 2000, 2001, and 2002, for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of section 2991b(e) of this title.
(d)
(1) For fiscal year 1994, there are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary for the purpose of—
(A) establishing demonstration projects to conduct research related to Native American studies and Indian policy development; and
(B) continuing the development of a detailed plan, based in part on the results of the projects, for the establishment of a National Center for Native American Studies and Indian Policy Development.
(2) Such a plan shall be delivered to the Congress not later than 30 days after September 30, 1992.
(e) There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out section 2991b–3 of this title $13,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2020 through 2024.
(f) In addition to amounts otherwise available, there is appropriated for fiscal year 2021, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, $20,000,000 to remain available until expended, to carry out section 2291b–3(g) of this title.
(Pub. L. 88–452, title VIII, § 816, formerly § 814, as added Pub. L. 93–644, § 11, Jan. 4, 1975, 88 Stat. 2327; amended Pub. L. 95–568, § 15, Nov. 2, 1978, 92 Stat. 2439; Pub. L. 98–558, title X, § 1005, Oct. 30, 1984, 98 Stat. 2906; renumbered § 816 and amended Pub. L. 100–175, title V, §§ 502(2), 505, 506(b), Nov. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 973, 975, 978; Pub. L. 100–581, title II, § 215, Nov. 1, 1988, 102 Stat. 2941; Pub. L. 101–408, § 3, Oct. 4, 1990, 104 Stat. 883; Pub. L. 102–375, title VIII, § 822(15)–(20), Sept. 30, 1992, 106 Stat. 1299; Pub. L. 102–497, § 9(c), Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3258; Pub. L. 102–524, § 3, Oct. 26, 1992, 106 Stat. 3437; Pub. L. 103–171, § 5(6), Dec. 2, 1993, 107 Stat. 1992; Pub. L. 105–361, § 2, Nov. 10, 1998, 112 Stat. 3278; Pub. L. 109–394, § 4, Dec. 14, 2006, 120 Stat. 2707; Pub. L. 116–101, § 3, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 3261; Pub. L. 116–261, § 5(c), Dec. 30, 2020, 134 Stat. 3314; Pub. L. 117–2, title XI, § 11004(a), Mar. 11, 2021, 135 Stat. 244.)
§§ 2993 to 2993b. Repealed. Pub. L. 93–113, title VI, § 603, Oct. 1, 1973, 87 Stat. 417
§§ 2994 to 2994d. Repealed. Pub. L. 93–113, title VI, § 603, Oct. 1, 1973, 87 Stat. 417