42 USC 16106 - Ultra-efficient engine technology for aircraft

Collapse to view only § 16106. Ultra-efficient engine technology for aircraft

§ 16101. Railroad efficiency
§ 16102. Diesel fueled vehicles
§ 16103. Conserve by Bicycling Program
§ 16104. Reduction of engine idling
§ 16105. Biodiesel engine testing program
§ 16106. Ultra-efficient engine technology for aircraft

§ 16101. Railroad efficiency

(a) Establishment

(b) Authorization of appropriations

There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section—

(1) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2006;

(2) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2007; and

(3) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2008.

(Pub. L. 109–58, title VII, § 751, Aug. 8, 2005,

§ 16102. Diesel fueled vehicles

(a) Definition of tier 2 emission standards

(b) Diesel combustion and after-treatment technologies

(1) Developing and demonstrating diesel technologies that, not later than 2010, meet the following standards:

(A) Tier 2 emission standards.

(B) The heavy-duty emissions standards of 2007 that are applicable to heavy-duty vehicles under regulations issued by the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency as of August 8, 2005.

(2) Developing the next generation of low-emission, high efficiency diesel engine technologies, including homogeneous charge compression ignition technology.

(Pub. L. 109–58, title VII, § 754, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 828.)

§ 16103. Conserve by Bicycling Program

(a) DefinitionsIn this section:

(1) Program

(2) Secretary

(b) Establishment

(1) In generalIn carrying out the program, the Secretary shall establish not more than 10 pilot projects that are—

(A) dispersed geographically throughout the United States; and

(B) designed to conserve energy resources by encouraging the use of bicycles in place of motor vehicles.

(2) RequirementsA pilot project described in paragraph (1) shall—

(A) use education and marketing to convert motor vehicle trips to bicycle trips;

(B) document project results and energy savings (in estimated units of energy conserved);

(i) transportation;

(ii) law enforcement;

(iii) education;

(iv) public health;

(v) environment; and

(vi) energy;

(D) maximize bicycle facility investments;

(E) demonstrate methods that may be used in other regions of the United States; and

(F) facilitate the continuation of ongoing programs that are sustained by local resources.

(3) Cost sharing

(d) Energy and bicycling research study

(1) In general

(2) ComponentsThe study shall—

(A) document the results or progress of the pilot projects under subsection (c);

(B) determine the type and duration of motor vehicle trips that people in the United States may feasibly make by bicycle, taking into consideration factors such as—

(i) weather;

(ii) land use and traffic patterns;

(iii) the carrying capacity of bicycles; and

(iv) bicycle infrastructure;

(D) include a cost-benefit analysis of bicycle infrastructure investments; and

(E) include a description of any factors that would encourage more motor vehicle trips to be replaced with bicycle trips.

(e) Authorization of appropriationsThere is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section $6,200,000, to remain available until expended, of which—

(1) $5,150,000 shall be used to carry out pilot projects described in subsection (c);

(2) $300,000 shall be used by the Secretary to coordinate, publicize, and disseminate the results of the program; and

(3) $750,000 shall be used to carry out subsection (d).

(Pub. L. 109–58, title VII, § 755, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 828.)

§ 16104. Reduction of engine idling

(a) Definitions

In this section:

(1) Administrator

(2) Advanced truck stop electrification system

(3) Auxiliary power unit

The term “auxiliary power unit” means an integrated system that—

(A) provides heat, air conditioning, engine warming, or electricity to components on a heavy-duty vehicle; and

(B) is certified by the Administrator under part 89 of title 40, Code of Federal Regulations (or any successor regulation), as meeting applicable emission standards.

(4) Heavy-duty vehicle

The term “heavy-duty vehicle” means a vehicle that—

(A) has a gross vehicle weight rating greater than 8,500 pounds; and

(B) is powered by a diesel engine.

(5) Idle reduction technology

The term “idle reduction technology” means an advanced truck stop electrification system, auxiliary power unit, or other technology that—

(A) is used to reduce long-duration idling; and

(B) allows for the main drive engine or auxiliary refrigeration engine to be shut down.

(6) Energy conservation technology

(7) Long-duration idling

(A) In general

(B) Exclusions

(b) Idle reduction technology benefits, programs, and studies

(1) In general

Not later than 90 days after August 8, 2005, the Administrator shall—

(A)

(i) commence a review of the mobile source air emission models of the Environmental Protection Agency used under the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.) to determine whether the models accurately reflect the emissions resulting from long-duration idling of heavy-duty vehicles and other vehicles and engines; and

(ii) update those models as the Administrator determines to be appropriate; and

(B)

(i) commence a review of the emission reductions achieved by the use of idle reduction technology; and

(ii) complete such revisions of the regulations and guidance of the Environmental Protection Agency as the Administrator determines to be appropriate.

(2) Deadline for completion

Not later than 180 days after August 8, 2005, the Administrator shall—

(A) complete the reviews under subparagraphs (A)(i) and (B)(i) of paragraph (1); and

(B) prepare and make publicly available one or more reports on the results of the reviews.

(3) Discretionary inclusions

(4) Idle reduction and energy conservation deployment program

(A) Establishment

(i) In general

(ii) Priority

(B) Funding

(i) Authorization of appropriations

(ii) Locomotives

(iii) Cost sharing

(iv) Necessary and appropriate reductions

(5) Idling location study

(A) In general

Not later than 90 days after August 8, 2005, the Administrator, in consultation with the Secretary of Transportation, shall commence a study to analyze all locations at which heavy-duty vehicles stop for long-duration idling, including—

(i) truck stops;

(ii) rest areas;

(iii) border crossings;

(iv) ports;

(v) transfer facilities; and

(vi) private terminals.

(B) Deadline for completion

Not later than 180 days after August 8, 2005, the Administrator shall—

(i) complete the study under subparagraph (A); and

(ii) prepare and make publicly available one or more reports of the results of the study.

(d) Report

Not later than 60 days after the date on which funds are initially awarded under this section, and on an annual basis thereafter, the Administrator shall submit to Congress a report containing—

(1) an identification of the grant recipients, a description of the projects to be funded and the amount of funding provided; and

(2) an identification of all other applicants that submitted applications under the program.

(Pub. L. 109–58, title VII, § 756, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 829.)

§ 16105. Biodiesel engine testing program

(a) In general

(b) Scope

The program shall provide for testing to determine the impact of biodiesel from different sources on current and future emission control technologies, with emphasis on—

(1) the impact of biodiesel on emissions warranty, in-use liability, and antitampering provisions;

(2) the impact of long-term use of biodiesel on engine operations;

(3) the options for optimizing these technologies for both emissions and performance when switching between biodiesel and diesel fuel; and

(4) the impact of using biodiesel in these fueling systems and engines when used as a blend with 2006 Environmental Protection Agency-mandated diesel fuel containing a maximum of 15-parts-per-million sulfur span.

(d) Authorization of appropriations

(e) Definition

(Pub. L. 109–58, title VII, § 757, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 832.)

§ 16106. Ultra-efficient engine technology for aircraft

(a) Ultra-efficient engine technology partnership

(b) Performance objective

The Secretary shall establish the following performance objectives for the program set forth in subsection (a):

(1) A fuel efficiency increase of at least 10 percent.

(2) A reduction in the impact of landing and takeoff nitrogen oxides emissions on local air quality of 70 percent.

(3) Exploring advanced concepts, alternate propulsion, and power configurations, including hybrid fuel cell powered systems.

(4) Exploring the use of alternate fuel in conventional or nonconventional turbine-based systems.

(Pub. L. 109–58, title VII, § 758, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 833.)