- § 1110. Basic entitlement
- § 1111. Presumption of sound condition
- § 1112. Presumptions relating to certain diseases and disabilities
- § 1113. Presumptions rebuttable
- § 1114. Rates of wartime disability compensation
- § 1115. Additional compensation for dependents
- § 1116. Presumptions of service connection for diseases associated with exposure to certain herbicide agents; presumption of exposure for veterans who served in certain locations
- § 1116A. Presumptions of service connection for veterans who served offshore of the Republic of Vietnam
- § 1116B. Presumption of herbicide exposure for certain veterans who served in Korea
- § 1117. Compensation for disabilities occurring in Persian Gulf War veterans
- § 1118. Presumptions of service connection for illnesses associated with service in the Persian Gulf during the Persian Gulf War
- § 1119. Presumptions of toxic exposure
- § 1120. Presumption of service connection for certain diseases associated with exposure to burn pits and other toxins
§ 1110. Basic entitlement
For disability resulting from personal injury suffered or disease contracted in line of duty, or for aggravation of a preexisting injury suffered or disease contracted in line of duty, in the active military, naval, air, or space service, during a period of war, the United States will pay to any veteran thus disabled and who was discharged or released under conditions other than dishonorable from the period of service in which said injury or disease was incurred, or preexisting injury or disease was aggravated, compensation as provided in this subchapter, but no compensation shall be paid if the disability is a result of the veteran’s own willful misconduct or abuse of alcohol or drugs.
(Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1119, § 310; Pub. L. 101–508, title VIII, § 8052(a)(2), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388–351; renumbered § 1110, Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 406; Pub. L. 105–178, title VIII, § 8202(a), June 9, 1998, 112 Stat. 492; Pub. L. 105–206, title IX, § 9014(a), July 22, 1998, 112 Stat. 865; Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title IX, § 926(a)(7), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 3830.)
§ 1111. Presumption of sound condition
For the purposes of section 1110 of this title, every veteran shall be taken to have been in sound condition when examined, accepted, and enrolled for service, except as to defects, infirmities, or disorders noted at the time of the examination, acceptance, and enrollment, or where clear and unmistakable evidence demonstrates that the injury or disease existed before acceptance and enrollment and was not aggravated by such service.
(Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1119, § 311; renumbered § 1111 and amended Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), (c)(1), Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 406.)
§ 1112. Presumptions relating to certain diseases and disabilities
(a) For the purposes of section 1110 of this title, and subject to the provisions of section 1113 of this title, in the case of any veteran who served for ninety days or more during a period of war—
(1) a chronic disease becoming manifest to a degree of 10 percent or more within one year from the date of separation from such service;
(2) a tropical disease, and the resultant disorders or disease originating because of therapy, administered in connection with such diseases, or as a preventative thereof, becoming manifest to a degree of 10 percent or more within one year from the date of separation from such service, or at a time when standard or accepted treatises indicate that the incubation period thereof commenced during such service;
(3) active tuberculous disease developing a 10 percent degree of disability or more within three years from the date of separation from such service;
(4) multiple sclerosis developing a 10 percent degree of disability or more within seven years from the date of separation from such service;
(5) Hansen’s disease developing a 10 percent degree of disability or more within three years from the date of separation from such service;
shall be considered to have been incurred in or aggravated by such service, notwithstanding there is no record of evidence of such disease during the period of service.
(b)
(1) For the purposes of section 1110 of this title and subject to the provisions of section 1113 of this title, in the case of a veteran who is a former prisoner of war—
(A) a disease specified in paragraph (2) which became manifest to a degree of 10 percent or more after active military, naval, air, or space service shall be considered to have been incurred in or aggravated by such service, notwithstanding that there is no record of such disease during the period of service; and
(B) if the veteran was detained or interned as a prisoner of war for not less than thirty days, a disease specified in paragraph (3) which became manifest to a degree of 10 percent or more after active military, naval, air, or space service shall be considered to have been incurred in or aggravated by such service, notwithstanding that there is no record of such disease during the period of service.
(2) The diseases specified in this paragraph are the following:
(A) Psychosis.
(B) Any of the anxiety states.
(C) Dysthymic disorder (or depressive neurosis).
(D) Organic residuals of frostbite, if the Secretary determines that the veteran was detained or interned in climatic conditions consistent with the occurrence of frostbite.
(E) Post-traumatic osteoarthritis.
(F) Osteoporosis, if the Secretary determines that the veteran has post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
(3) The diseases specified in this paragraph are the following:
(A) Avitaminosis.
(B) Beriberi (including beriberi heart disease).
(C) Chronic dysentery.
(D) Helminthiasis.
(E) Malnutrition (including optic atrophy associated with malnutrition).
(F) Pellagra.
(G) Any other nutritional deficiency.
(H) Cirrhosis of the liver.
(I) Peripheral neuropathy except where directly related to infectious causes.
(J) Irritable bowel syndrome.
(K) Peptic ulcer disease.
(L) Atherosclerotic heart disease or hypertensive vascular disease (including hypertensive heart disease) and their complications (including myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure and arrhythmia).
(M) Stroke and its complications.
(c)
(1) For the purposes of section 1110 of this title, and subject to the provisions of section 1113 of this title, a disease specified in paragraph (2) of this subsection becoming manifest in a radiation-exposed veteran shall be considered to have been incurred in or aggravated during active military, naval, air, or space service, notwithstanding that there is no record of evidence of such disease during a period of such service.
(2) The diseases referred to in paragraph (1) of this subsection are the following:
(A) Leukemia (other than chronic lymphocytic leukemia).
(B) Cancer of the thyroid.
(C) Cancer of the breast.
(D) Cancer of the pharynx.
(E) Cancer of the esophagus.
(F) Cancer of the stomach.
(G) Cancer of the small intestine.
(H) Cancer of the pancreas.
(I) Multiple myeloma.
(J) Lymphomas (except Hodgkin’s disease).
(K) Cancer of the bile ducts.
(L) Cancer of the gall bladder.
(M) Primary liver cancer (except if cirrhosis or hepatitis B is indicated).
(N) Cancer of the salivary gland.
(O) Cancer of the urinary tract.
(P) Bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma.
(Q) Cancer of the bone.
(R) Cancer of the brain.
(S) Cancer of the colon.
(T) Cancer of the lung.
(U) Cancer of the ovary.
(3) For the purposes of this subsection:
(A) The term “radiation-exposed veteran” means (i) a veteran who, while serving on active duty, participated in a radiation-risk activity, or (ii) an individual who, while a member of a reserve component of the Armed Forces, participated in a radiation-risk activity during a period of active duty for training or inactive duty training.
(B) The term “radiation-risk activity” means any of the following:
(i) Onsite participation in a test involving the atmospheric detonation of a nuclear device (without regard to whether the nation conducting the test was the United States or another nation).
(ii) The occupation of Hiroshima or Nagasaki, Japan, by United States forces during the period beginning on August 6, 1945, and ending on July 1, 1946.
(iii) Internment as prisoner of war in Japan (or service on active duty in Japan immediately following such internment) during World War II which (as determined by the Secretary) resulted in an opportunity for exposure to ionizing radiation comparable to that of veterans described in clause (ii) of this subparagraph.
(iv) Service in a capacity which, if performed as an employee of the Department of Energy, would qualify the individual for inclusion as a member of the Special Exposure Cohort under section 3621(14) of the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act of 2000 (42 U.S.C. 7384l(14)).
(v) Cleanup of Enewetak Atoll during the period beginning on January 1, 1977, and ending on December 31, 1980.
(vi) Onsite participation in the response effort following the collision of a United States Air Force B–52 bomber and refueling plane that caused the release of four thermonuclear weapons in the vicinity of Palomares, Spain, during the period beginning January 17, 1966, and ending March 31, 1967.
(vii) Onsite participation in the response effort following the on-board fire and crash of a United States Air Force B–52 bomber that caused the release of four thermonuclear weapons in the vicinity of Thule Air Force Base, Greenland, during the period beginning January 21, 1968, and ending September 25, 1968.
(4) A radiation-exposed veteran who receives a payment under the provisions of the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 2210 note) shall not be deprived, by reason of the receipt of that payment, of receipt of compensation to which that veteran is entitled by reason of paragraph (1), but there shall be deducted from payment of such compensation the amount of the payment under that Act.
(Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1120, § 312; Pub. L. 86–187, Aug. 25, 1959, 73 Stat. 418; Pub. L. 86–188, Aug. 25, 1959, 73 Stat. 418; Pub. L. 87–645, § 3, Sept. 7, 1962, 76 Stat. 442; Pub. L. 91–376, § 3(a), (b), Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 788, 789; Pub. L. 97–37, § 4(a), Aug. 14, 1981, 95 Stat. 936; Pub. L. 98–223, title I, §§ 101(c), 111, Mar. 2, 1984, 98 Stat. 38, 40; Pub. L. 99–576, title I, § 108(a), Oct. 28, 1986, 100 Stat. 3252; Pub. L. 100–321, § 2(a), May 20, 1988, 102 Stat. 485; Pub. L. 100–322, title III, § 312, May 20, 1988, 102 Stat. 534; renumbered § 1112 and amended Pub. L. 102–83, §§ 4(b)(1), (2)(E), 5(a), (c)(1), Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 404–406; Pub. L. 102–86, title I, §§ 104(a), 105, Aug. 14, 1991, 105 Stat. 415; Pub. L. 102–578, § 2(a), Oct. 30, 1992, 106 Stat. 4774; Pub. L. 103–446, title V, § 501(a), Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4663; Pub. L. 106–117, title V, § 503, Nov. 30, 1999, 113 Stat. 1575; Pub. L. 108–183, title II, § 201, Dec. 16, 2003, 117 Stat. 2656; Pub. L. 108–454, title III, §§ 302(a), 306(a), (b), Dec. 10, 2004, 118 Stat. 3610, 3612; Pub. L. 109–233, title IV, § 401, June 15, 2006, 120 Stat. 407; Pub. L. 110–389, title I, § 106, Oct. 10, 2008, 122 Stat. 4149; Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title IX, § 926(a)(8), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 3830; Pub. L. 117–168, title IV, §§ 401(b), 402(b), Aug. 10, 2022, 136 Stat. 1780.)
§ 1113. Presumptions rebuttable
(a) Where there is affirmative evidence to the contrary, or evidence to establish that an intercurrent injury or disease which is a recognized cause of any of the diseases or disabilities within the purview of section 1112, 1116, 1117, 1118, or 1120 of this title, has been suffered between the date of separation from service and the onset of any such diseases or disabilities, or the disability is due to the veteran’s own willful misconduct, service-connection pursuant to section 1112, 1116, 1118, or 1120 of this title, or payments of compensation pursuant to section 1117 of this title, will not be in order.
(b) Nothing in section 1112, 1116, 1117, 1118, or 1120 of this title, subsection (a) of this section, or section 5 of Public Law 98–542 (38 U.S.C. 1154 note) shall be construed to prevent the granting of service-connection for any disease or disorder otherwise shown by sound judgment to have been incurred in or aggravated by active military, naval, air, or space service.
(Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1120, § 313; Pub. L. 102–4, § 2(b), Feb. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 13; renumbered § 1113 and amended Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), (c)(1), Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 406; Pub. L. 103–446, title I, § 106(b), title V, § 501(b)(1), Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4651, 4663; Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title XVI, § 1602(b), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–744; Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title IX, § 926(a)(9), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 3830; Pub. L. 117–168, title IV, § 406(c), Aug. 10, 2022, 136 Stat. 1784.)
§ 1114. Rates of wartime disability compensationFor the purposes of section 1110 of this title—
(a) if and while the disability is rated 10 percent the monthly compensation shall be $123;
(b) if and while the disability is rated 20 percent the monthly compensation shall be $243;
(c) if and while the disability is rated 30 percent the monthly compensation shall be $376;
(d) if and while the disability is rated 40 percent the monthly compensation shall be $541;
(e) if and while the disability is rated 50 percent the monthly compensation shall be $770;
(f) if and while the disability is rated 60 percent the monthly compensation shall be $974;
(g) if and while the disability is rated 70 percent the monthly compensation shall be $1,228;
(h) if and while the disability is rated 80 percent the monthly compensation shall be $1,427;
(i) if and while the disability is rated 90 percent the monthly compensation shall be $1,604;
(j) if and while the disability is rated as total the monthly compensation shall be $2,673;
(k) if the veteran, as the result of service-connected disability, has suffered the anatomical loss or loss of use of one or more creative organs, or one foot, or one hand, or both buttocks, or blindness of one eye, having only light perception, has suffered complete organic aphonia with constant inability to communicate by speech, or deafness of both ears, having absence of air and bone conduction, or, in the case of a woman veteran, has suffered the anatomical loss of 25 percent or more of tissue from a single breast or both breasts in combination (including loss by mastectomy or partial mastectomy) or has received radiation treatment of breast tissue, the rate of compensation therefor shall be $96 per month for each such loss or loss of use independent of any other compensation provided in subsections (a) through (j) or subsection (s) of this section but in no event to exceed $3,327 per month; and in the event the veteran has suffered one or more of the disabilities heretofore specified in this subsection, in addition to the requirement for any of the rates specified in subsections (l) through (n) of this section, the rate of compensation shall be increased by $96 per month for each such loss or loss of use, but in no event to exceed $4,667 per month;his section but in no event to exceed $3,327 per month; and in the event the veteran has suffered one or more of the disabilities heretofore specified in this subsection, in addition to the requirement for any of the rates specified in subsections (
(l) if the veteran, as the result of service-connected disability, has suffered the anatomical loss or loss of use of both feet, or of one hand and one foot, or is blind in both eyes, with 5/200 visual acuity or less, or is permanently bedridden or with such significant disabilities as to be in need of regular aid and attendance, the monthly compensation shall be $3,327;
(m) if the veteran, as the result of service-connected disability, has suffered the anatomical loss or loss of use of both hands, or of both legs with factors preventing natural knee action with prostheses in place, or of one arm and one leg with factors preventing natural elbow and knee action with prostheses in place, or has suffered blindness in both eyes having only light perception, or has suffered blindness in both eyes, rendering such veteran so significantly disabled as to be in need of regular aid and attendance, the monthly compensation shall be $3,671;
(n) if the veteran, as the result of service-connected disability, has suffered the anatomical loss or loss of use of both arms with factors preventing natural elbow action with prostheses in place, has suffered the anatomical loss of both legs with factors that prevent the use of prosthetic appliances, or has suffered the anatomical loss of one arm and one leg with factors that prevent the use of prosthetic appliances, or has suffered the anatomical loss of both eyes, or has suffered blindness without light perception in both eyes, the monthly compensation shall be $4,176;
(o) if the veteran, as the result of service-connected disability, has suffered disability under conditions which would entitle such veteran to two or more of the rates provided in one or more subsections (l) through (n) of this section, no condition being considered twice in the determination, or if the veteran has suffered bilateral deafness (and the hearing impairment in either one or both ears is service connected) rated at 60 percent or more disabling and the veteran has also suffered service-connected total blindness with 20/200 visual acuity or less, or if the veteran has suffered service-connected total deafness in one ear or bilateral deafness (and the hearing impairment in either one or both ears is service connected) rated at 40 percent or more disabling and the veteran has also suffered service-connected blindness having only light perception or less, or if the veteran has suffered the anatomical loss of both arms with factors that prevent the use of prosthetic appliances, the monthly compensation shall be $4,667;
(p) in the event the veteran’s service-connected disabilities exceed the requirements for any of the rates prescribed in this section, the Secretary may allow the next higher rate or an intermediate rate, but in no event in excess of $4,667. In the event the veteran has suffered service-connected blindness with 5/200 visual acuity or less and (1) has also suffered bilateral deafness (and the hearing impairment in either one or both ears is service connected) rated at no less than 30 percent disabling, the Secretary shall allow the next higher rate, or (2) has also suffered service-connected total deafness in one ear or service-connected anatomical loss or loss of use of one hand or one foot, the Secretary shall allow the next intermediate rate, but in no event in excess of $4,667. In the event the veteran has suffered service-connected blindness, having only light perception or less, and has also suffered bilateral deafness (and the hearing impairment in either one or both ears is service connected) rated at 10 or 20 percent disabling, the Secretary shall allow the next intermediate rate, but in no event in excess of $4,667. In the event the veteran has suffered the anatomical loss or loss of use, or a combination of anatomical loss and loss of use, of three extremities, the Secretary shall allow the next higher rate or intermediate rate, but in no event in excess of $4,667. Any intermediate rate under this subsection shall be established at the arithmetic mean, rounded down to the nearest dollar, between the two rates concerned.
[(q) Repealed. Pub. L. 90–493, § 4(a), Aug. 19, 1968, 82 Stat. 809.]
(r) Subject to section 5503(c) of this title, if any veteran, otherwise entitled to compensation authorized under subsection (o) of this section, at the maximum rate authorized under subsection (p) of this section, or at the intermediate rate authorized between the rates authorized under subsections (n) and (o) of this section and at the rate authorized under subsection (k) of this section, is in need of regular aid and attendance, then, in addition to such compensation—
(1) the veteran shall be paid a monthly aid and attendance allowance at the rate of $2,002; or
(2) if the veteran, in addition to such need for regular aid and attendance, is in need of a higher level of care, such veteran shall be paid a monthly aid and attendance allowance at the rate of $2,983, in lieu of the allowance authorized in clause (1) of this subsection, if the Secretary finds that the veteran, in the absence of the provision of such care, would require hospitalization, nursing home care, or other residential institutional care.
For the purposes of clause (2) of this subsection, need for a higher level of care shall be considered to be need for personal health-care services provided on a daily basis in the veteran’s home by a person who is licensed to provide such services or who provides such services under the regular supervision of a licensed health-care professional. The existence of the need for such care shall be determined by a physician employed by the Department or, in areas where no such physician is available, by a physician carrying out such function under contract or fee arrangement based on an examination by such physician. For the purposes of section 1134 of this title, such allowance shall be considered as additional compensation payable for disability.
(s) If the veteran has a service-connected disability rated as total, and (1) has additional service-connected disability or disabilities independently ratable at 60 percent or more, or, (2) by reason of such veteran’s service-connected disability or disabilities, is permanently housebound, then the monthly compensation shall be $2,993. For the purpose of this subsection, the requirement of “permanently housebound” will be considered to have been met when the veteran is substantially confined to such veteran’s house (ward or clinical areas, if institutionalized) or immediate premises due to a service-connected disability or disabilities which it is reasonably certain will remain throughout such veteran’s lifetime.
(t) Subject to section 5503(c) of this title, if any veteran, as the result of service-connected disability, is in need of regular aid and attendance for the residuals of traumatic brain injury, is not eligible for compensation under subsection (r)(2), and in the absence of such regular aid and attendance would require hospitalization, nursing home care, or other residential institutional care, the veteran shall be paid, in addition to any other compensation under this section, a monthly aid and attendance allowance equal to the rate described in subsection (r)(2), which for purposes of section 1134 of this title shall be considered as additional compensation payable for disability. An allowance authorized under this subsection shall be paid in lieu of any allowance authorized by subsection (r)(1).
(Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1120, § 314; Pub. L. 85–782, § 2, Aug. 27, 1958, 72 Stat. 936; Pub. L. 86–663, § 1, July 14, 1960, 74 Stat. 528; Pub. L. 87–645, §§ 1(a), 2(a), Sept. 7, 1962, 76 Stat. 441; Pub. L. 88–20, § 1, May 15, 1963, 77 Stat. 17; Pub. L. 88–22, § 1, May 15, 1963, 77 Stat. 18; Pub. L. 89–311, §§ 1(a), 3(d), (e), Oct. 31, 1965, 79 Stat. 1154, 1155; Pub. L. 90–77, title IV, § 401, Aug. 31, 1967, 81 Stat. 190; Pub. L. 90–493, §§ 1(a), 4(a), Aug. 19, 1968, 82 Stat. 808, 809; Pub. L. 91–376, § 1(a), Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 787; Pub. L. 92–328, title I, § 101(a), June 30, 1972, 86 Stat. 393; Pub. L. 93–295, title I, § 101(a), May 31, 1974, 88 Stat. 181; Pub. L. 94–71, title I, § 101(a), Aug. 5, 1975, 89 Stat. 395; Pub. L. 94–433, title I, § 101(a), title IV, §§ 401(4), (5), 404(6)–(8), Sept. 30, 1976, 90 Stat. 1374, 1377, 1378; Pub. L. 95–117, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 3, 1977, 91 Stat. 1063; Pub. L. 95–479, title I, § 101(a)–(d), Oct. 18, 1978, 92 Stat. 1560, 1561; Pub. L. 96–128, title I, §§ 101(a), 104, 105, Nov. 28, 1979, 93 Stat. 982, 984; Pub. L. 96–385, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 7, 1980, 94 Stat. 1528; Pub. L. 97–66, title I, §§ 101(a), 104, Oct. 17, 1981, 95 Stat. 1026, 1027; Pub. L. 97–253, title IV, §§ 404(a), 405(b), Sept. 8, 1982, 96 Stat. 803; Pub. L. 97–306, title I, §§ 101(a), 107, 111(a), (b), Oct. 14, 1982, 96 Stat. 1429, 1431, 1432; Pub. L. 98–223, title I, §§ 101(a), 112, Mar. 2, 1984, 98 Stat. 37, 40; Pub. L. 98–543, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 24, 1984, 98 Stat. 2735; Pub. L. 99–238, title I, § 101(a), Jan. 13, 1986, 99 Stat. 1765; Pub. L. 99–576, title I, §§ 101(a), 109(b), Oct. 28, 1986, 100 Stat. 3250, 3253; Pub. L. 100–227, title I, § 101(a), Dec. 31, 1987, 101 Stat. 1552; Pub. L. 100–687, div. B, title XI, § 1101(a), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4123; Pub. L. 101–237, title I, § 101(a), Dec. 18, 1989, 103 Stat. 2062; Pub. L. 102–3, § 2(a), Feb. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 7; Pub. L. 102–40, title IV, § 402(d)(1), May 7, 1991, 105 Stat. 239; renumbered § 1114 and amended Pub. L. 102–83, §§ 4(a)(3), (4), (b)(1), (2)(E), 5(a), (c)(1), Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 404–406; Pub. L. 102–152, § 2(a), Nov. 12, 1991, 105 Stat. 985; Pub. L. 103–78, § 1, Aug. 13, 1993, 107 Stat. 767; Pub. L. 103–140, § 2, Nov. 11, 1993, 107 Stat. 1485; Pub. L. 105–98, § 2(a), Nov. 19, 1997, 111 Stat. 2155; Pub. L. 106–118, § 2(a), Nov. 30, 1999, 113 Stat. 1601; Pub. L. 106–419, title III, § 302, Nov. 1, 2000, 114 Stat. 1853; Pub. L. 107–94, § 2(a), Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 900; Pub. L. 107–103, title II, § 204(b)(1), Dec. 27, 2001, 115 Stat. 990; Pub. L. 107–330, title I, § 102, title III, § 309(a), Dec. 6, 2002, 116 Stat. 2821, 2829; Pub. L. 108–454, title III, § 307(a), Dec. 10, 2004, 118 Stat. 3612; Pub. L. 109–111, § 2(a), Nov. 22, 2005, 119 Stat. 2362; Pub. L. 109–233, title V, § 502(1), (2), June 15, 2006, 120 Stat. 415; Pub. L. 109–444, § 9(a), Dec. 21, 2006, 120 Stat. 3314; Pub. L. 109–461, title X, §§ 1005(a), 1006(b), Dec. 22, 2006, 120 Stat. 3466, 3468; Pub. L. 110–157, title I, § 101, Dec. 26, 2007, 121 Stat. 1831; Pub. L. 110–324, § 3(a), Sept. 24, 2008, 122 Stat. 3550; Pub. L. 111–37, § 3(a), June 30, 2009, 123 Stat. 1928; Pub. L. 111–275, title VI, § 601(a), (b)(1), title X, § 1001(b), Oct. 13, 2010, 124 Stat. 2884, 2896.)
§ 1115. Additional compensation for dependentsAny veteran entitled to compensation at the rates provided in section 1114 of this title, and whose disability is rated not less than 30 percent, shall be entitled to additional compensation for dependents in the following monthly amounts:
(1) If and while rated totally disabled and—
(A) has a spouse but no child, $150;
(B) has a spouse and one or more children, $259 plus $75 for each child in excess of one;
(C) has no spouse but one or more children, $101 plus $75 for each child in excess of one;
(D) has a parent dependent upon such veteran for support, then, in addition to the above amounts, $120 for each parent so dependent;
(E) notwithstanding the other provisions of this paragraph, the monthly payable amount on account of a spouse who is (i) a patient in a nursing home or (ii) blind, or so nearly blind or significantly disabled as to need or require the regular aid and attendance of another person, shall be $286 for a totally disabled veteran and proportionate amounts for partially disabled veterans in accordance with paragraph (2) of this section; and
(F) notwithstanding the other provisions of this paragraph, the monthly amount payable on account of each child who has attained the age of eighteen years and who is pursuing a course of instruction at an approved educational institution shall be $240 for a totally disabled veteran and proportionate amounts for partially disabled veterans in accordance with paragraph (2) of this section.
(2) If and while rated partially disabled, but not less than 30 percent, in an amount having the same ratio to the amount specified in paragraph (1) of this section as the degree of disability bears to total disability. The amounts payable under this paragraph, if not a multiple of $1, shall be rounded down to the nearest dollar.
(Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1121, § 315; Pub. L. 86–499, § 1, June 8, 1960, 74 Stat. 165; Pub. L. 89–137, § 1(b), Aug. 26, 1965, 79 Stat. 576; Pub. L. 89–311, § 2(a), (b), Oct. 31, 1965, 79 Stat. 1154, 1155; Pub. L. 91–376, § 2, Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 788; Pub. L. 92–328, title I, § 102, June 30, 1972, 86 Stat. 394; Pub. L. 93–295, title I, § 102, May 31, 1974, 88 Stat. 181; Pub. L. 94–71, title I, § 102, Aug. 5, 1975, 89 Stat. 396; Pub. L. 94–433, title I, § 102, title IV, § 404(9)–(11), Sept. 30, 1976, 90 Stat. 1375, 1378; Pub. L. 95–117, title I, § 102, Oct. 3, 1977, 91 Stat. 1064; Pub. L. 95–479, title I, § 102, Oct. 18, 1978, 92 Stat. 1562; Pub. L. 96–128, title I, § 102, Nov. 28, 1979, 93 Stat. 983; Pub. L. 96–385, title I, § 102, Oct. 7, 1980, 94 Stat. 1529; Pub. L. 97–66, title I, § 102, Oct. 17, 1981, 95 Stat. 1027; Pub. L. 97–253, title IV, §§ 404(b), 405(c), Sept. 8, 1982, 96 Stat. 803; Pub. L. 97–306, title I, §§ 102, 107, Oct. 14, 1982, 96 Stat. 1430, 1431; Pub. L. 98–223, title I, § 102, Mar. 2, 1984, 98 Stat. 38; Pub. L. 98–543, title I, § 102, Oct. 24, 1984, 98 Stat. 2736; Pub. L. 99–238, title I, § 102, Jan. 13, 1986, 99 Stat. 1766; Pub. L. 99–576, title I, § 102, Oct. 28, 1986, 100 Stat. 3251; Pub. L. 100–227, title I, § 102, Dec. 31, 1987, 101 Stat. 1553; Pub. L. 100–687, div. B, title XI, § 1102, Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4123; Pub. L. 101–237, title I, § 102, Dec. 18, 1989, 103 Stat. 2063; Pub. L. 102–3, § 3, Feb. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 8; renumbered § 1115 and amended Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), (c)(1), Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 406; Pub. L. 102–152, § 3, Nov. 12, 1991, 105 Stat. 986; Pub. L. 103–78, § 2, Aug. 13, 1993, 107 Stat. 768; Pub. L. 103–140, § 3, Nov. 11, 1993, 107 Stat. 1486; Pub. L. 105–98, § 3, Nov. 19, 1997, 111 Stat. 2156; Pub. L. 106–118, § 3, Nov. 30, 1999, 113 Stat. 1602; Pub. L. 107–94, § 3, Dec. 21, 2001, 115 Stat. 901; Pub. L. 107–330, title III, § 309(b), Dec. 6, 2002, 116 Stat. 2830; Pub. L. 108–454, title III, § 307(b), Dec. 10, 2004, 118 Stat. 3613; Pub. L. 109–111, § 2(b), Nov. 22, 2005, 119 Stat. 2363; Pub. L. 109–233, title V, § 502(3), June 15, 2006, 120 Stat. 415; Pub. L. 109–444, § 9(b), Dec. 21, 2006, 120 Stat. 3314; Pub. L. 109–461, title X, §§ 1005(b), 1006(b), Dec. 22, 2006, 120 Stat. 3467, 3468; Pub. L. 110–324, § 3(b), Sept. 24, 2008, 122 Stat. 3551; Pub. L. 111–37, § 3(b), June 30, 2009, 123 Stat. 1929.)
§ 1116. Presumptions of service connection for diseases associated with exposure to certain herbicide agents; presumption of exposure for veterans who served in certain locations
(a)
(1) For the purposes of section 1110 of this title, and subject to section 1113 of this title—
(A) a disease specified in paragraph (2) of this subsection becoming manifest as specified in that paragraph in a veteran who performed covered service; and
(B) each additional disease (if any) that (i) the Secretary determines in regulations prescribed under this section warrants a presumption of service-connection by reason of having positive association with exposure to an herbicide agent, and (ii) becomes manifest within the period (if any) prescribed in such regulations in a veteran who performed covered service, and while so serving was exposed to that herbicide agent,
shall be considered to have been incurred in or aggravated by such service, notwithstanding that there is no record of evidence of such disease during the period of such service.
(2) The diseases referred to in paragraph (1)(A) of this subsection are the following:
(A) Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma becoming manifest to a degree of disability of 10 percent or more.
(B) Each soft-tissue sarcoma becoming manifest to a degree of disability of 10 percent or more other than osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, Kaposi’s sarcoma, or mesothelioma.
(C) Chloracne or another acneform disease consistent with chloracne becoming manifest to a degree of disability of 10 percent or more within one year after the last date on which the veteran performed covered service.
(D) Hodgkin’s disease becoming manifest to a degree of disability of 10 percent or more.
(E) Porphyria cutanea tarda becoming manifest to a degree of disability of 10 percent or more within a year after the last date on which the veteran performed covered service.
(F) Respiratory cancers (cancer of the lung, bronchus, larynx, or trachea) becoming manifest to a degree of disability of 10 percent or more.
(G) Multiple myeloma becoming manifest to a degree of disability of 10 percent or more.
(H) Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2).
(I) Parkinsonism.
(J) Bladder cancer.
(K) Hypothyroidism.
(L) Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance.
(M) Hypertension.
(3) For purposes of this section, the term “herbicide agent” means a chemical in an herbicide used in support of the United States and allied military operations in the Republic of Vietnam during the period beginning on January 9, 1962, and ending on May 7, 1975.
(b) The Secretary shall ensure that any determination made on or after the date of the enactment of the Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act of 2022 regarding a presumption of service connection based on exposure to an herbicide agent under this section is made pursuant to subchapter VII of this chapter, including with respect to assessing reports received by the Secretary from the National Academy of Sciences under section 3 of the Agent Orange Act of 1991 (Public Law 102–4).
(c) For purposes of establishing service connection for a disability or death resulting from exposure to a herbicide agent, including a presumption of service-connection under this section, a veteran who performed covered service,1
1 So in original. The comma probably should not appear.
shall be presumed to have been exposed during such service to an herbicide agent containing dioxin or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, and may be presumed to have been exposed during such service to any other chemical compound in an herbicide agent, unless there is affirmative evidence to establish that the veteran was not exposed to any such agent during that service.(d) In this section, the term “covered service” means active military, naval, air, or space service—
(1) performed in the Republic of Vietnam during the period beginning on January 9, 1962, and ending on May 7, 1975;
(2) performed in Thailand at any United States or Royal Thai base during the period beginning on January 9, 1962, and ending on June 30, 1976, without regard to where on the base the veteran was located or what military job specialty the veteran performed;
(3) performed in Laos during the period beginning on December 1, 1965, and ending on September 30, 1969;
(4) performed in Cambodia at Mimot or Krek, Kampong Cham Province during the period beginning on April 16, 1969, and ending on April 30, 1969; or
(5) performed on Guam or American Samoa, or in the territorial waters thereof, during the period beginning on January 9, 1962, and ending on July 31, 1980, or served on Johnston Atoll or on a ship that called at Johnston Atoll during the period beginning on January 1, 1972, and ending on September 30, 1977.
(Added Pub. L. 102–4, § 2(a)(1), Feb. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 11, § 316; renumbered § 1116 and amended Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), (c)(1), Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 406; Pub. L. 103–446, title V, § 505, title XII, § 1201(e)(6), Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4664, 4685; Pub. L. 104–275, title V, § 505(b), Oct. 9, 1996, 110 Stat. 3342; Pub. L. 106–419, title IV, § 404(a)(1), Nov. 1, 2000, 114 Stat. 1864; Pub. L. 107–103, title II, § 201(a)(1)(A), (b)–(c)(2)(A), (d)(1), Dec. 27, 2001, 115 Stat. 987, 988; Pub. L. 116–283, div. H, title XCI, § 9109, Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4785; Pub. L. 117–168, title II, § 202(d)(1), title IV, §§ 403(b), (d), 404(b), (c), Aug. 10, 2022, 136 Stat. 1775, 1780–1782.)
§ 1116A. Presumptions of service connection for veterans who served offshore of the Republic of Vietnam
(a)Service Connection.—For the purposes of section 1110 of this title, and subject to section 1113 of this title, a disease covered by section 1116 of this title becoming manifest as specified in that section in a veteran who, during active military, naval, or air service, served offshore of the Republic of Vietnam during the period beginning on January 9, 1962, and ending on May 7, 1975, shall be considered to have been incurred in or aggravated by such service, notwithstanding that there is no record of evidence of such disease during the period of such service.
(span)Exposure.—A veteran who, during active military, naval, or air service, served offshore of the Republic of Vietnam during the period beginning on January 9, 1962, and ending on May 7, 1975, shall be presumed to have been exposed during such service to an herbicide agent unless there is affirmative evidence to establish that the veteran was not exposed to any such agent during that service.
(c)Effective Date of Award.—
(1) Except as provided by paragraph (2), the effective date of an award under this section shall be determined in accordance with section 5110 of this title.
(2)
(A) Notwithstanding subsection (g) of section 5110 of this title, the Secretary shall determine the effective date of an award based on a claim under this section for an individual described in subparagraph (B) by treating the date on which the individual filed the prior claim specified in clause (i) of such subparagraph as the date on which the individual filed the claim so awarded under this section.
(B) An individual described in this subparagraph is a veteran, or a survivor of a veteran, who meets the following criteria:
(i) The veteran or survivor submitted a claim for disability compensation on or after September 25, 1985, and before January 1, 2020, for a disease covered by this section, and the claim was denied by reason of the claim not establishing that the disease was incurred or aggravated by the service of the veteran.
(ii) The veteran or survivor submits a claim for disability compensation on or after January 1, 2020, for the same condition covered by the prior claim under clause (i), and the claim is approved pursuant to this section.
(d)Determination of Offshore.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, for purposes of this section, the Secretary shall treat a location as being offshore of Vietnam if the location is not more than 12 nautical miles seaward of a line commencing on the southwestern demarcation line of the waters of Vietnam and Cambodia and intersecting the following points:
Points Geographic Names | Latitude North | Longitude East |
|---|---|---|
At Hon Nhan Island, Tho Chu Archipelago Kien Giang Province | 9°15.0′ | 103°27.0′ |
At Hon Da Island southeast of Hon Khoai Island Minh Hai Province | 8°22.8′ | 104°52.4′ |
At Tai Lon Islet, Con Dao Islet in Con Dao-Vung Toa Special Sector | 8°37.8′ | 106°37.5′ |
At Bong Lai Islet, Con Dao Islet | 8°38.9′ | 106°40.3′ |
At Bay Canh Islet, Con Dao Islet | 8°39.7′ | 106°42.1′ |
At Hon Hai Islet (Phu Qui group of islands) Thuan Hai Province | 9°58.0′ | 109°5.0′ |
At Hon Doi Islet, Thuan Hai Province | 12°39.0′ | 109°28.0′ |
At Dai Lanh point, Phu Khanh Province | 12°53.8′ | 109°27.2′ |
At Ong Can Islet, Phu Khanh Province | 13°54.0′ | 109°21.0′ |
At Ly Son Islet, Nghia Binh Province | 15°23.1′ | 109° 9.0′ |
At Con Co Island, Binh Tri Thien Province | 17°10.0′ | 107°20.6′ |
(e)Herbicide Agent.—In this section, the term “herbicide agent” has the meaning given that term in section 1116(a)(3) of this title.
(Added Puspan. L. 116–23, § 2(a), June 25, 2019, 133 Stat. 966.)
§ 1116B. Presumption of herbicide exposure for certain veterans who served in Korea
(a)Presumption of Service-Connection.—
(1) For the purposes of section 1110 of this title, and subject to section 1113 of this title, a disease specified in subsection (b) that becomes manifest as specified in that subsection in a veteran described in paragraph (2) shall be considered to have been incurred or aggravated in the line of duty in the active military, naval, or air service, notwithstanding that there is no record of evidence of such disease during the period of such service.
(2) A veteran described in this paragraph is a veteran who, during active military, naval, or air service, served in or near the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ), during the period beginning on September 1, 1967, and ending on August 31, 1971.
(b)Diseases.—A disease specified in this subsection is—
(1) a disease specified in paragraph (2) of subsection (a) of section 1116 of this title that becomes manifest as specified in that paragraph; or
(2) any additional disease that—
(A) pursuant to subchapter VII of this chapter, the Secretary determines in regulations warrants a presumption of service-connection by reason of having positive association with exposure to an herbicide agent; and
(B) becomes manifest within any period prescribed in such regulations.
(c)Herbicide Agent.—For purposes of this section, the term “herbicide agent” has the meaning given such term in section 1821(d) of this title.
(Added Pub. L. 116–23, § 3(a), June 25, 2019, 133 Stat. 969; amended Pub. L. 117–168, title II, § 202(d)(2), Aug. 10, 2022, 136 Stat. 1775.)
§ 1117. Compensation for disabilities occurring in Persian Gulf War veterans
(a)
(1) The Secretary may pay compensation under this subchapter to a Persian Gulf veteran with a qualifying chronic disability that became manifest to any degree at any time.
(2) For purposes of this subsection, the term “qualifying chronic disability” means a chronic disability resulting from any of the following (or any combination of any of the following):
(A) An undiagnosed illness.
(B) A medically unexplained chronic multisymptom illness (such as chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, and irritable bowel syndrome) that is defined by a cluster of signs or symptoms.
(C) Any diagnosed illness that the Secretary determines in regulations prescribed under subsection (c) warrants a presumption of service-connection.
(b)
(1) Whenever the Secretary determines under section 1118(c) 1
1 See References in Text note below.
of this title that a presumption of service connection previously established under this section is no longer warranted—(A) a veteran who was awarded compensation under this section on the basis of the presumption shall continue to be entitled to receive compensation under this section on that basis; and
(B) a survivor of a veteran who was awarded dependency and indemnity compensation for the death of a veteran resulting from the disease on the basis of the presumption before that date shall continue to be entitled to receive dependency and indemnity compensation on that basis.
(2) This subsection shall cease to be effective on September 30, 2011.
(c)
(1) The Secretary shall prescribe regulations to carry out this section.
(2) Those regulations shall include the following:
(A) A description of the period and geographical area or areas of military service in connection with which compensation under this section may be paid.
(B) A description of the illnesses for which compensation under this section may be paid.
(C) A description of any relevant medical characteristic (such as a latency period) associated with each such illness.
(d) If a Persian Gulf veteran at a medical facility of the Department presents with any one symptom associated with Gulf War Illness, the Secretary shall ensure that health care personnel of the Department use a disability benefits questionnaire, or successor questionnaire, designed to identify Gulf War Illness, in addition to any other diagnostic actions the personnel determine appropriate.
(e) A disability for which compensation under this subchapter is payable shall be considered to be service connected for purposes of all other laws of the United States.
(f) For purposes of this section, the term “Persian Gulf veteran” means a veteran who served on active duty in the Armed Forces in the Southwest Asia theater of operations, Afghanistan, Israel, Egypt, Turkey, Syria, or Jordan, during the Persian Gulf War.
(g) For purposes of this section, signs or symptoms that may be a manifestation of an undiagnosed illness or a chronic multisymptom illness include the following:
(1) Fatigue.
(2) Unexplained rashes or other dermatological signs or symptoms.
(3) Headache.
(4) Muscle pain.
(5) Joint pain.
(6) Neurological signs and symptoms.
(7) Neuropsychological signs or symptoms.
(8) Signs or symptoms involving the upper or lower respiratory system.
(9) Sleep disturbances.
(10) Gastrointestinal signs or symptoms.
(11) Cardiovascular signs or symptoms.
(12) Abnormal weight loss.
(13) Menstrual disorders.
(h)
(1) If the Secretary determines with respect to a medical research project sponsored by the Department that it is necessary for the conduct of the project that Persian Gulf veterans in receipt of compensation under this section or section 1118 of this title participate in the project without the possibility of loss of service connection under either such section, the Secretary shall provide that service connection granted under either such section for disability of a veteran who participated in the research project may not be terminated. Except as provided in paragraph (2), notwithstanding any other provision of law any grant of service-connection protected under this subsection shall remain service-connected for purposes of all provisions of law under this title.
(2) Paragraph (1) does not apply in a case in which—
(A) the original award of compensation or service connection was based on fraud; or
(B) it is clearly shown from military records that the person concerned did not have the requisite service or character of discharge.
(3) The Secretary shall publish in the Federal Register a list of medical research projects sponsored by the Department for which service connection granted under this section or section 1118 of this title may not be terminated pursuant to paragraph (1).
(i)
(1) The Secretary shall take such actions as may be necessary to ensure that health care personnel of the Department are appropriately trained to effectively carry out this section.
(2) Not less frequently than once each year, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report on the actions taken by the Secretary to carry out paragraph (1).
(Added Pub. L. 103–446, title I, § 106(a)(1), Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4650; amended Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title XVI, § 1602(c), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–744; Pub. L. 107–103, title II, §§ 202(a), (b)(1), (d)(1), 203(a), Dec. 27, 2001, 115 Stat. 988, 989; Pub. L. 109–233, title V, § 503(1), June 15, 2006, 120 Stat. 415; Pub. L. 117–168, title IV, § 405, Aug. 10, 2022, 136 Stat. 1783.)
§ 1118. Presumptions of service connection for illnesses associated with service in the Persian Gulf during the Persian Gulf War
(a)
(1) For purposes of section 1110 of this title, and subject to section 1113 of this title, each illness, if any, described in paragraph (2) shall be considered to have been incurred in or aggravated by service referred to in that paragraph, notwithstanding that there is no record of evidence of such illness during the period of such service.
(2) An illness referred to in paragraph (1) is any diagnosed or undiagnosed illness that—
(A) the Secretary determines in regulations prescribed under this section to warrant a presumption of service connection by reason of having a positive association with exposure to a biological, chemical, or other toxic agent, environmental or wartime hazard, or preventive medicine or vaccine known or presumed to be associated with service in the Armed Forces in the Southwest Asia theater of operations during the Persian Gulf War; and
(B) becomes manifest within the period, if any, prescribed in such regulations in a veteran who served on active duty in that theater of operations during that war and by reason of such service was exposed to such agent, hazard, or medicine or vaccine.
(3) For purposes of this subsection, a veteran who served on active duty in the Southwest Asia theater of operations during the Persian Gulf War and has an illness described in paragraph (2) shall be presumed to have been exposed by reason of such service to the agent, hazard, or medicine or vaccine associated with the illness in the regulations prescribed under this section unless there is conclusive evidence to establish that the veteran was not exposed to the agent, hazard, or medicine or vaccine by reason of such service.
(4) For purposes of this section, signs or symptoms that may be a manifestation of an undiagnosed illness include the signs and symptoms listed in section 1117(g) of this title.
(b) The Secretary shall ensure that any determination made on or after the date of the enactment of the Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act of 2022 regarding a presumption of service connection based on a toxic exposure under this section is made pursuant to subchapter VII of this chapter.
(Added Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title XVI, § 1602(a)(1), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–742; amended Pub. L. 107–103, title II, § 202(b)(2), (d)(1), Dec. 27, 2001, 115 Stat. 989; Pub. L. 117–168, title II, § 202(d)(3), Aug. 10, 2022, 136 Stat. 1775.)
§ 1119. Presumptions of toxic exposure
(a)Consideration of Records.—If a veteran submits to the Secretary a claim for compensation for a service-connected disability under section 1110 of this title with evidence of a disability and a toxic exposure that occurred during active military, naval, air, or space service, the Secretary may, in adjudicating such claim, consider—
(1) any record of the veteran in an exposure tracking record system; and
(2) if no record of the veteran in an exposure tracking record system indicates that the veteran was subject to a toxic exposure during active military, naval, air, or space service, the totality of the circumstances of the service of the veteran.
(b)Presumption of Specific Toxic Exposure for Members Who Served in Certain Locations.—
(1) The Secretary shall, for purposes of section 1110 and chapter 17 of this title, presume that any covered veteran was exposed to the substances, chemicals, and airborne hazards identified in the list under paragraph (2) during the service of the covered veteran specified in subsection (c)(1), unless there is affirmative evidence to establish that the covered veteran was not exposed to any such substances, chemicals, or hazards in connection with such service.
(2) The Secretary shall—
(A) establish and maintain a list that contains an identification of one or more such substances, chemicals, and airborne hazards as the Secretary, in collaboration with the Secretary of Defense, may determine appropriate for purposes of this section; and
(B) determine, using procedures consistent with section 1172 of this title and through the conduct of a formal evaluation under section 1173 of this title, whether to establish an end date for a covered veteran to qualify for presumptions of exposure under this section, if appropriate, but in no case establish an end date earlier than the last day of the period specified in section 101(33) for the Persian Gulf War.
(3) Beginning not later than two years after the date of the enactment of the Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act of 2022, and not less frequently than once every two years thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Veterans’ Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Veterans’ Affairs of the House of Representatives a report identifying any additions or removals to the list under paragraph (2) during the period covered by the report.
(c)Definitions.—In this section:
(1) The term “covered veteran” means any veteran who—
(A) on or after August 2, 1990, performed active military, naval, air, or space service while assigned to a duty station in, including airspace above—
(i) Bahrain;
(ii) Iraq;
(iii) Kuwait;
(iv) Oman;
(v) Qatar;
(vi) Saudi Arabia;
(vii) Somalia; or
(viii) United Arab Emirates; or
(B) on or after September 11, 2001, performed active military, naval, air, or space service while assigned to a duty station in, including airspace above—
(i) Afghanistan;
(ii) Djibouti;
(iii) Egypt;
(iv) Jordan;
(v) Lebanon;
(vi) Syria;
(vii) Yemen;
(viii) Uzbekistan; or
(ix) any other country determined relevant by the Secretary.
(2) The term “exposure tracking record system”—
(A) means any system, program, or pilot program used by the Secretary of Veterans Affairs or the Secretary of Defense to track how veterans or members of the Armed Forces have been exposed to various occupational or environmental hazards; and
(B) includes the Individual Longitudinal Exposure Record, or successor system.
(3) The term “toxic exposure risk activity” has the meaning given such term in section 1710(e)(4) of this title.
(Added Pub. L. 117–168, title III, § 302, Aug. 10, 2022, 136 Stat. 1777.)
§ 1120. Presumption of service connection for certain diseases associated with exposure to burn pits and other toxins
(a)Presumption of Service Connection.—For the purposes of section 1110 of this title, and subject to section 1113 of this title, a disease specified in subsection (b) becoming manifest in a covered veteran shall be considered to have been incurred in or aggravated during active military, naval, air, or space service, notwithstanding that there is no record of evidence of such disease during the period of such service.
(b)Diseases Specified.—The diseases specified in this subsection are the following:
(1) Asthma that was diagnosed after service of the covered veteran as specified in subsection (c).
(2) The following types of cancer:
(A) Head cancer of any type.
(B) Neck cancer of any type.
(C) Respiratory cancer of any type.
(D) Gastrointestinal cancer of any type.
(E) Reproductive cancer of any type.
(F) Lymphoma cancer of any type.
(G) Kidney cancer.
(H) Brain cancer.
(I) Melanoma.
(J) Pancreatic cancer.
(3) Chronic bronchitis.
(4) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
(5) Constrictive bronchiolitis or obliterative bronchiolitis.
(6) Emphysema.
(7) Granulomatous disease.
(8) Interstitial lung disease.
(9) Pleuritis.
(10) Pulmonary fibrosis.
(11) Sarcoidosis.
(12) Chronic sinusitis.
(13) Chronic rhinitis.
(14) Glioblastoma.
(15) Any other disease for which the Secretary determines, pursuant to regulations prescribed under subchapter VII that a presumption of service connection is warranted based on a positive association with a substance, chemical, or airborne hazard identified in the list under section 1119(b)(2) of this title.
(c)Covered Veteran Defined.—In this section, the term “covered veteran” has the meaning given that term in section 1119(c) of this title.
(Added Pub. L. 117–168, title IV, § 406(b), Aug. 10, 2022, 136 Stat. 1784; amended Pub. L. 117–263, div. E, title LI, § 5124(a), Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3211.)