Collapse to view only § 10235. Indian liability waiver
- § 10221. Rules, regulations, and procedures; consultations and establishment
- § 10222. Notice and hearing on denial or termination of grant
- § 10223. Finality of determinations
- § 10224. Delegation of functions
- § 10225. Subpoena power; employment of hearing officers; authority to hold hearings
- § 10226. Personnel and administrative authority
- § 10227. Title to personal property
- § 10228. Prohibition of Federal control over State and local criminal justice agencies; prohibition of discrimination
- § 10229. Report to President and Congress
- § 10230. Other administrative provisions
- § 10231. Confidentiality of information
- § 10232. Administration of juvenile delinquency programs
- § 10233. Prohibition on land acquisition
- § 10234. Prohibition on use of Central Intelligence Agency services
- § 10235. Indian liability waiver
- § 10236. District of Columbia matching fund source
- § 10237. Limitation on civil justice matters
- § 10238. Accountability and oversight
§ 10221. Rules, regulations, and procedures; consultations and establishment
(a) General authorization of certain Federal agencies
(b) Continuing evaluation of selected programs or projects; cost, effectiveness, impact value, and comparative considerations; annual performance report; assessment of activity effectiveness; suspension of funds for nonsubmission of report
The Bureau of Justice Assistance shall, after consultation with the National Institute of Justice, the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, State and local governments, and the appropriate public and private agencies, establish such rules and regulations as are necessary to assure the continuing evaluation of selected programs or projects conducted pursuant to subchapters V, XII, XIII, XIV, and XX, in order to determine—
(1) whether such programs or projects have achieved the performance goals stated in the original application, are of proven effectiveness, have a record of proven success, or offer a high probability of improving the criminal justice system;
(2) whether such programs or projects have contributed or are likely to contribute to the improvement of the criminal justice system and the reduction and prevention of crime;
(3) their cost in relation to their effectiveness in achieving stated goals;
(4) their impact on communities and participants; and
(5) their implication for related programs.
In conducting evaluations described in this subsection, the Bureau of Justice Assistance shall, when practical, compare the effectiveness of programs conducted by similar applicants and different applicants. The Bureau of Justice Assistance shall also require applicants under part A of subchapter V to submit an annual performance report concerning activities carried out pursuant to part A of subchapter V together with an assessment by the applicant of the effectiveness of those activities in achieving the purposes of such part A and the relationships of those activities to the needs and
(c) Procedures for paperwork minimization and prevention of duplication and delays in award and expenditure of funds
(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 801, formerly § 802, as added Pub. L. 96–157, § 2, Dec. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 1201; renumbered § 801 and amended Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 609B(b), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2091; Pub. L. 99–570, title I, § 1552(b)(2), Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3207–46; Pub. L. 101–647, title II, § 241(b)(2), title VIII, § 801(c)(1), Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4813, 4826; Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40231(d)(1), title XXXIII, § 330001(h)(7), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1934, 2139; Pub. L. 109–162, title XI, § 1111(c)(2)(D), Jan. 5, 2006, 119 Stat. 3102.)
§ 10222. Notice and hearing on denial or termination of grant
Whenever, after reasonable notice and opportunity for a hearing on the record in accordance with section 554 of title 5, the Bureau of Justice Assistance, the National Institute of Justice, and the Bureau of Justice Statistics finds that a recipient of assistance under this chapter has failed to comply substantially with—
(1) any provisions of this chapter;
(2) any regulations or guidelines promulgated under this chapter; or
(3) any application submitted in accordance with the provisions of this chapter, or the provisions of any other applicable Federal Act;
the Director involved shall, until satisfied that there is no longer any such failure to comply, terminate payments to the recipient under this chapter, reduce payments to the recipient under this chapter by an amount equal to the amount of such payments which were not expended in accordance with this chapter, or limit the availability of payments under this chapter to programs, projects, or activities not affected by such failure to comply.
(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 802, formerly § 803, as added Pub. L. 96–157, § 2, Dec. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 1202; renumbered § 802 and amended Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 609B(b), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2092; Pub. L. 99–570, title I, § 1552(b)(3), Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3207–46; Pub. L. 101–647, title II, § 241(b)(3), title VIII, § 801(c)(2), Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4813, 4826; Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40231(d)(2), title XXXIII, § 330001(c), (h)(8), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1934, 2138, 2139; Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title I, § 11012, Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1823; Pub. L. 109–162, title XI, § 1155(1), Jan. 5, 2006, 119 Stat. 3113.)
§ 10223. Finality of determinations
In carrying out the functions vested by this chapter in the Bureau of Justice Assistance, the Bureau of Justice Statistics, or the National Institute of Justice, their determinations, findings, and conclusions shall be final and conclusive upon all applications.
(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 803, formerly § 804, as added Pub. L. 96–157, § 2, Dec. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 1203; renumbered § 803 and amended Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 609B(c), (f), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2093; Pub. L. 109–162, title XI, § 1155(2), Jan. 5, 2006, 119 Stat. 3113.)
§ 10224. Delegation of functions
The Attorney General, the Assistant Attorney General, the Director of the National Institute of Justice, the Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the Administrator of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, and the Director of the Bureau of Justice Assistance may delegate to any of their respective officers or employees such functions under this chapter as they deem appropriate.
(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 805, as added Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 609B(g), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2093.)
§ 10225. Subpoena power; employment of hearing officers; authority to hold hearings
The Assistant Attorney General, the Bureau of Justice Assistance, the National Institute of Justice, and the Bureau of Justice Statistics may appoint (to be assigned or employed on an interim or as-needed basis) such hearing examiners (who shall, if so designated, be understood to be comprised within the meaning of “special government employee” under section 202 of title 18 (without regard to the days limitation prescribed therein), but shall, in no event, be understood to be (or to have the authority of) officers of the United States) or administrative law judges or request the use of such administrative law judges selected by the Office of Personnel Management pursuant to section 3344 of title 5, as shall be necessary or convenient to assist them in carrying out their respective powers and duties under any law administered by or under the Office. The Assistant Attorney General, the Bureau of Justice Assistance, the National Institute of Justice, and the Bureau of Justice Statistics or upon authorization, any member thereof, or (subject to such limitations as the appointing authority may, in its sole discretion, impose from time to time) any hearing examiner or administrative law judge assigned to or employed thereby, shall have the power to hold hearings and issue subpoenas, administer oaths, examine witnesses, conduct examinations, and receive evidence at any place in the United States they respectively may designate.
(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 806, as added Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 609B(g), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2094; amended Pub. L. 117–61, § 7, Nov. 18, 2021, 135 Stat. 1479; Pub. L. 117–172, § 4(a), Aug. 16, 2022, 136 Stat. 2101.)
§ 10226. Personnel and administrative authority
(a) Officers and employees of certain Federal agencies; employment; compensation
(b) Use of available services; reimbursement
(c) Other Federal agency performance of functions under this chapter; reimbursement
(d) Experts and consultants; compensation
(e) Advisory committees; compensation and travel expenses of committee members
(f) Payments; installments; advances or reimbursement; transportation and subsistence expenses for attendance at conferences or other assemblages
(g) Voluntary services; status as Federal employees; exceptions
(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 807, as added Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 609B(g), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2094; amended Pub. L. 117–286, § 4(a)(210), Dec. 27, 2022, 136 Stat. 4329.)
§ 10227. Title to personal property
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, title to all expendable and nonexpendable personal property purchased with funds made available under this chapter, including such property purchased with funds made available under this chapter as in effect before October 12, 1984, shall vest in the criminal justice agency or nonprofit organization that purchased the property if it certifies to the State office responsible for the trust fund required by section 10158 of this title, or the State office described in section 1408 1
1 See References in Text note below.
,,22 So in original.
as the case may be, that it will use the property for criminal justice purposes. If such certification is not made, title to the property shall vest in the State office, which shall seek to have the property used for criminal justice purposes elsewhere in the State prior to using it or disposing of it in any other manner.(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 808, as added Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 609B(g), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2095; amended Pub. L. 99–570, title I, § 1552(b)(4), Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3207–46; Pub. L. 101–647, title II, § 241(b)(4), Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4813; Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, § 330001(h)(10), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2139; Pub. L. 109–162, title XI, § 1111(c)(2)(E), Jan. 5, 2006, 119 Stat. 3102.)
§ 10228. Prohibition of Federal control over State and local criminal justice agencies; prohibition of discrimination
(a) General rule
(b) Racial imbalance requirement restrictionNotwithstanding any other provision of law, nothing contained in this chapter shall be construed to authorize the National Institute of Justice, the Bureau of Justice Statistics, or the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration—
(1) to require, or condition the availability or amount of a grant upon the adoption by an applicant or grantee under this chapter of a percentage ratio, quota system, or other program to achieve racial balance in any criminal justice agency; or
(2) to deny or discontinue a grant because of the refusal of an applicant or grantee under this chapter to adopt such a ratio, system, or other program.
(c) Discrimination prohibited; notice of non-compliance; suspension and restoration of payments; hearing; civil action by Attorney General; private action, attorney fees, intervention by Attorney General
(1) No person in any State shall on the ground of race, color, religion, national origin, or sex be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under or denied employment in connection with any programs or activity funded in whole or in part with funds made available under this chapter.
(2)
(A) Whenever there has been—
(i) receipt of notice of a finding, after notice and opportunity for a hearing, by a Federal court (other than in an action brought by the Attorney General) or State court, or by a Federal or State administrative agency, to the effect that there has been a pattern or practice of discrimination in violation of paragraph (1); or
(ii) a determination after an investigation by the Office of Justice Programs (prior to a hearing under subparagraph (F) but including an opportunity for the State government or unit of local government to make a documentary submission regarding the allegation of discrimination with respect to such program or activity, with funds made available under this chapter) that a State government or unit of local government is not in compliance with paragraph (1);
the Office of Justice Programs shall, within ten days after such occurrence, notify the chief executive of the affected State, or the State in which the affected unit of local government is located, and the chief executive of such unit of local government, that such program or activity has been so found or determined not to be in compliance with paragraph (1), and shall request each chief executive, notified under this subparagraph with respect to such violation, to secure compliance. For purposes of clause (i) a finding by a Federal or State administrative agency shall be deemed rendered after notice and opportunity for a hearing if it is rendered pursuant to procedures consistent with the provisions of subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5.
(B) In the event the chief executive secures compliance after notice pursuant to subparagraph (A), the terms and conditions with which the affected State government or unit of local government agrees to comply shall be set forth in writing and signed by the chief executive of the State, by the chief executive of such unit (in the event of a violation by a unit of local government), and by the Office of Justice Programs. On or prior to the effective date of the agreement, the Office of Justice Programs shall send a copy of the agreement to each complainant, if any, with respect to such violation. The chief executive of the State, or the chief executive of the unit (in the event of a violation by a unit of local government) shall file semiannual reports with the Office of Justice Programs detailing the steps taken to comply with the agreement. These reports shall cease to be filed upon the determination of the Office of Justice Programs that compliance has been secured, or upon the determination by a Federal or State court that such State government or local governmental unit is in compliance with this section. Within fifteen days of receipt of such reports, the Office of Justice Programs shall send a copy thereof to each such complainant.
(C) If, at the conclusion of ninety days after notification under subparagraph (A)—
(i) compliance has not been secured by the chief executive of that State or the chief executive of that unit of local government; and
(ii) an administrative law judge has not made a determination under subparagraph (F) that it is likely the State government or unit of local government will prevail on the merits; the Office of Justice Programs shall notify the Attorney General that compliance has not been secured and caused to have suspended further payment of any funds under this chapter to that program or activity. Such suspension shall be limited to the specific program or activity cited by the Office of Justice Programs in the notice under subparagraph (A). Such suspension shall be effective for a period of not more than one hundred and twenty days, or, if there is a hearing under subparagraph (G), not more than thirty days after the conclusion of such hearing, unless there has been an express finding by the Office of Justice Programs, after notice and opportunity for such a hearing, that the recipient is not in compliance with paragraph (1).
(D) Payment of the suspended funds shall resume only if—
(i) such State government or unit of local government enters into a compliance agreement approved by the Office of Justice Programs and the Attorney General in accordance with subparagraph (B);
(ii) such State government or unit of local government complies fully with the final order or judgment of a Federal or State court, or by a Federal or State administrative agency if that order or judgment covers all the matters raised by the Office of Justice Programs in the notice pursuant to subparagraph (A), or is found to be in compliance with paragraph (1) by such court; or
(iii) after a hearing the Office of Justice Programs pursuant to subparagraph (F) finds that noncompliance has not been demonstrated.
(E) Whenever the Attorney General files a civil action alleging a pattern or practice of discriminatory conduct on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, or sex in any program or activity of a State government or unit of local government which State government or unit of local government receives funds made available under this chapter, and the conduct allegedly violates the provisions of this section and neither party within forty-five days after such filing has been granted such preliminary relief with regard to the suspension or payment of funds as may be otherwise available by law, the Office of Justice Programs shall cause to have suspended further payment of any funds under this chapter to that specific program or activity alleged by the Attorney General to be in violation of the provisions of this subsection until such time as the court orders resumption of payment.
(F) Prior to the suspension of funds under subparagraph (C), but within the ninety-day period after notification under subparagraph (C), the State government or unit of local government may request an expedited preliminary hearing on the record in accordance with section 554 of title 5, in order to determine whether it is likely that the State government or unit of local government would, at a full hearing under subparagraph (G), prevail on the merits on the issue of the alleged noncompliance. A finding under this subparagraph by the administrative law judge in favor of the State government or unit of local government shall defer the suspension of funds under subparagraph (C) pending a finding of noncompliance at the conclusion of the hearing on the merits under subparagraph (G).
(G)
(i) At any time after notification under subparagraph (A), but before the conclusion of the one-hundred-and-twenty-day period referred to in subparagraph (C), a State government or unit of local government may request a hearing on the record in accordance with section 554 of title 5, which the Office of Justice Programs shall initiate within sixty days of such request.
(ii) Within thirty days after the conclusion of the hearing, or, in the absence of a hearing, at the conclusion of the one-hundred-and-twenty-day period referred to in subparagraph (C), the Office of Justice Programs shall make a finding of compliance or noncompliance. If the Office of Justice Programs makes a finding of noncompliance, the Office of Justice Programs shall notify the Attorney General in order that the Attorney General may institute a civil action under paragraph (3), cause to have terminated the payment of funds under this chapter, and, if appropriate, seek repayment of such funds.
(iii) If the Office of Justice Programs makes a finding of compliance, payment of the suspended funds shall resume as provided in subparagraph (D).
(H) Any State government or unit of local government aggrieved by a final determination of the Office of Justice Programs under subparagraph (G) may appeal such determination as provided in section 804 1
1 See References in Text note below.
.(3) Whenever the Attorney General has reason to believe that a State government or unit of local government has engaged in or is engaging in a pattern or practice in violation of the provisions of this section, the Attorney General may bring a civil action in an appropriate United States district court. Such court may grant as relief any temporary restraining order, preliminary or permanent injunction, or other order, as necessary or appropriate to insure the full enjoyment of the rights described in this section, including the suspension, termination, or repayment of such funds made available under this chapter as the court may deem appropriate, or placing any further such funds in escrow pending the outcome of the litigation.
(4)
(A) Whenever a State government or unit of local government, or any officer or employee thereof acting in an official capacity, has engaged or is engaging in any act or practice prohibited by this subsection, a civil action may be instituted after exhaustion of administrative remedies by the person aggrieved in an appropriate United States district court or in a State court of general jurisdiction. Administrative remedies shall be deemed to be exhausted upon the expiration of sixty days after the date the administrative complaint was filed with the Office of Justice Programs or any other administrative enforcement agency, unless within such period there has been a determination by the Office of Justice Programs or the agency on the merits of the complaint, in which case such remedies shall be deemed exhausted at the time the determination becomes final.
(B) In any civil action brought by a private person to enforce compliance with any provision of this subsection, the court may grant to a prevailing plaintiff reasonable attorney fees, unless the court determines that the lawsuit is frivolous, vexatious, brought for harassment purposes, or brought principally for the purpose of gaining attorney fees.
(C) In any action instituted under this section to enforce compliance with paragraph (1), the Attorney General, or a specially designated assistant for or in the name of the United States, may intervene upon timely application if he certifies that the action is of general public importance. In such action the United States shall be entitled to the same relief as if it had instituted the action.
(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 809, formerly § 815, as added Pub. L. 96–157, § 2, Dec. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 1206; renumbered § 809 and amended Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 609B(f), (h)), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2093, 2095; Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, § 330001(h)(11), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2139.)
§ 10229. Report to President and Congress
Not later than April 1 of each year, the Assistant Attorney General, the Director of the Bureau of Justice Assistance, the Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics, and the Director of the National Institute of Justice shall each submit a report to the President and to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President of the Senate, on their activities under this chapter during the fiscal year next preceding such date.
(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 810, formerly § 816, as added Pub. L. 96–157, § 2, Dec. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 1209; renumbered § 810 and amended Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 609B(f), (i), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2093, 2095.)
§ 10230. Other administrative provisions
(a) Recordkeeping requirement; scope of disclosure; other sources of funds
(b) Access to records for audit and examination
(c) Audit and examination period after completion of program or project
(d) Recipients of assistance subject to provisions of section
(e) Revolving fund for acquisition of stolen goods and property within Bureau of Justice Assistance
(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 811, formerly § 817, as added Pub. L. 96–157, § 2, Dec. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 1212; renumbered § 811 and amended Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 609B(f), (j), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2093, 2096; Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, § 330001(h)(12), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2139.)
§ 10231. Confidentiality of information
(a) Research or statistical information; immunity from process; prohibition against admission as evidence or use in any proceedings
(b) Criminal history information; disposition and arrest data; procedures for collection, storage, dissemination, and current status; security and privacy; availability for law enforcement, criminal justice, and other lawful purposes; automated systems: review, challenge, and correction of information
(c) Criminal intelligence systems and information; prohibition against violation of privacy and constitutional rights of individuals
(d) Violations; fine as additional penalty
(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 812, formerly § 818, as added Pub. L. 96–157, § 2, Dec. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 1213; renumbered § 812 and amended Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 609B(f), (k), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2093, 2096; Pub. L. 109–162, title XI, § 1115(c), Jan. 5, 2006, 119 Stat. 3104.)
§ 10232. Administration of juvenile delinquency programs
(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 813, formerly § 820, as added Pub. L. 96–157, § 2, Dec. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 1214; renumbered § 813 and amended Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 609B(f), (m), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2093, 2096.)
§ 10233. Prohibition on land acquisition
No funds under this chapter shall be used for land acquisition.
(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 814, formerly § 821, as added Pub. L. 96–157, § 2, Dec. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 1214; renumbered § 814, Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 609B(f), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2093.)
§ 10234. Prohibition on use of Central Intelligence Agency services
Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, no use will be made of services, facilities, or personnel of the Central Intelligence Agency.
(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 815, formerly § 822, as added Pub. L. 96–157, § 2, Dec. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 1214; renumbered § 815, Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 609B(f), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2093.)
§ 10235. Indian liability waiver
Where a State does not have an adequate forum to enforce grant provisions imposing liability on Indian tribes, the Assistant Attorney General is authorized to waive State liability and may pursue such legal remedies as are necessary.
(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 816, formerly § 823, as added Pub. L. 96–157, § 2, Dec. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 1214; renumbered § 816 and amended Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 609B(f), (n), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2093, 2096.)
§ 10236. District of Columbia matching fund source
Funds appropriated by the Congress for the activities of any agency of the District of Columbia government or the United States Government performing law enforcement functions in and for the District of Columbia may be used to provide the non-Federal share of the cost of programs or projects funded under this chapter.
(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 817, formerly § 824, as added Pub. L. 96–157, § 2, Dec. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 1214; renumbered § 817, Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 609B(f), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2093.)
§ 10237. Limitation on civil justice matters
Authority of any entity established under this chapter shall extend to civil justice matters only to the extent that such civil justice matters bear directly and substantially upon criminal justice matters or are inextricably intertwined with criminal justice matters.
(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 818, formerly § 825, as added Pub. L. 96–157, § 2, Dec. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 1214; renumbered § 818, Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 609B(f), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2093.)
§ 10238. Accountability and oversight
(a) Report by grant recipients
(b) Report to Congress
(Pub. L. 106–386, div. B, § 1003, Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1491.)