Collapse to view only § 4981. Excise tax on undistributed income of real estate investment trusts
- § 4981. Excise tax on undistributed income of real estate investment trusts
- § 4982. Excise tax on undistributed income of regulated investment companies
§ 4981. Excise tax on undistributed income of real estate investment trusts
(a) Imposition of tax
There is hereby imposed a tax on every real estate investment trust for each calendar year equal to 4 percent of the excess (if any) of—
(1) the required distribution for such calendar year, over
(2) the distributed amount for such calendar year.
(b) Required distribution
For purposes of this section—
(1) In general
The term “required distribution” means, with respect to any calendar year, the sum of—
(A) 85 percent of the real estate investment trust’s ordinary income for such calendar year, plus
(B) 95 percent of the real estate investment trust’s capital gain net income for such calendar year.
(2) Increase by prior year shortfall
The amount determined under paragraph (1) for any calendar year shall be increased by the excess (if any) of—
(A) the grossed up required distribution for the preceding calendar year, over
(B) the distributed amount for such preceding calendar year.
(3) Grossed up required distribution
The grossed up required distribution for any calendar year is the required distribution for such year determined—
(A) with the application of paragraph (2) to such taxable year, and
(B) by substituting “100 percent” for each percentage set forth in paragraph (1).
(c) Distributed amount
For purposes of this section—
(1) In general
The term “distributed amount” means, with respect to any calendar year, the sum of—
(A) the deduction for dividends paid (as defined in section 561) during such calendar year (but computed without regard to that portion of such deduction which is attributable to the amount excluded under section 857(b)(2)(D)), and
(B) any amount on which tax is imposed under subsection (b)(1) or (b)(3)(A) 1
1 See References in Text note below.
of section 857 for any taxable year ending in such calendar year.(2) Increase by prior year overdistribution
The amount determined under paragraph (1) for any calendar year shall be increased by the excess (if any) of—
(A) the distributed amount for the preceding calendar year (determined with the application of this paragraph to such preceding calendar year), over
(B) the grossed up required distribution for such preceding calendar year.
(3) Determination of dividends paid
(d) Time for payment of tax
(e) Definitions and special rules
For purposes of this section—
(1) Ordinary income
The term “ordinary income” means the real estate investment trust taxable income (as defined in section 857(b)(2)) determined—
(A) without regard to subparagraph (B) of section 857(b)(2),
(B) by not taking into account any gain or loss from the sale or exchange of a capital asset, and
(C) by treating the calendar year as the trust’s taxable year.
(2) Capital gain net income
(A) In general
(B) Reduction for net ordinary loss
(C) Net ordinary loss
(3) Treatment of deficiency distributions
In the case of any deficiency dividend (as defined in section 860(f))—
(A) such dividend shall be taken into account when paid without regard to section 860, and
(B) any income giving rise to the adjustment shall be treated as arising when the dividend is paid.
(Added Pub. L. 94–455, title XVI, § 1605(a), Oct. 4, 1976, 90 Stat. 1754; amended Pub. L. 99–514, title VI, § 668(a), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2306; Pub. L. 100–647, title I, § 1006(s)(1), (3), Nov. 10, 1988, 102 Stat. 3418.)
§ 4982. Excise tax on undistributed income of regulated investment companies
(a) Imposition of tax
There is hereby imposed a tax on every regulated investment company for each calendar year equal to 4 percent of the excess (if any) of—
(1) the required distribution for such calendar year, over
(2) the distributed amount for such calendar year.
(b) Required distribution
For purposes of this section—
(1) In general
The term “required distribution” means, with respect to any calendar year, the sum of—
(A) 98 percent of the regulated investment company’s ordinary income for such calendar year, plus
(B) 98.2 percent of the regulated investment company’s capital gain net income for the 1-year period ending on October 31 of such calendar year.
(2) Increase by prior year shortfall
The amount determined under paragraph (1) for any calendar year shall be increased by the excess (if any) of—
(A) the grossed up required distribution for the preceding calendar year, over
(B) the distributed amount for such preceding calendar year.
(3) Grossed up required distribution
The grossed up required distribution for any calendar year is the required distribution for such year determined—
(A) with the application of paragraph (2) to such taxable year, and
(B) by substituting “100 percent” for each percentage set forth in paragraph (1).
(c) Distributed amount
For purposes of this section—
(1) In general
The term “distributed amount” means, with respect to any calendar year, the sum of—
(A) the deduction for dividends paid (as defined in section 561) during such calendar year, and
(B) any amount on which tax is imposed under subsection (b)(1) or (b)(3)(A) of section 852 for any taxable year ending in such calendar year.
(2) Increase by prior year overdistribution
The amount determined under paragraph (1) for any calendar year shall be increased by the excess (if any) of—
(A) the distributed amount for the preceding calendar year (determined with the application of this paragraph to such preceding calendar year), over
(B) the grossed up required distribution for such preceding calendar year.
(3) Determination of dividends paid
The amount of the dividends paid during any calendar year shall be determined without regard to—
(A) the provisions of section 855, and
(B) any exempt-interest dividend as defined in section 852(b)(5).
(4) Special rule for estimated tax payments
(A) In general
In the case of a regulated investment company which elects the application of this paragraph for any calendar year—
(i) the distributed amount with respect to such company for such calendar year shall be increased by the amount on which qualified estimated tax payments are made by such company during such calendar year, and
(ii) the distributed amount with respect to such company for the following calendar year shall be reduced by the amount of such increase.
(B) Qualified estimated tax payments
(d) Time for payment of tax
(e) Definitions and special rules
For purposes of this section—
(1) Ordinary income
The term “ordinary income” means the investment company taxable income (as defined in section 852(b)(2)) determined—
(A) without regard to subparagraphs (A) and (D) of section 852(b)(2),
(B) by not taking into account any gain or loss from the sale or exchange of a capital asset, and
(C) by treating the calendar year as the company’s taxable year.
(2) Capital gain net income
(A) In general
(B) Reduction by net ordinary loss for calendar year
(C) Definitions
For purposes of this paragraph—
(i) Net capital gain
(ii) Net ordinary loss
(3) Treatment of deficiency distributions
In the case of any deficiency dividend (as defined in section 860(f))—
(A) such dividend shall be taken into account when paid without regard to section 860, and
(B) any income giving rise to the adjustment shall be treated as arising when the dividend is paid.
(4) Election to use taxable year in certain cases
(A) In general
If—
(i) the taxable year of the regulated investment company ends with the month of November or December, and
(ii) such company makes an election under this paragraph,
subsection (b)(1)(B) and paragraph (2) of this subsection shall be applied by taking into account the company’s taxable year in lieu of the 1-year period ending on October 31 of the calendar year.
(B) Election revocable only with consent
(5) Treatment of specified gains and losses after October 31 of calendar year
(A) In general
(B) Specified gains and losses
For purposes of this paragraph—
(i) Specified gain
(ii) Specified loss
(C) Special rule for companies electing to use the taxable year
(6) Treatment of mark to market gain
(A) In general
(B) Specified mark to market provision
(7) Elective deferral of certain ordinary losses
Except as provided in regulations prescribed by the Secretary, in the case of a regulated investment company which has a taxable year other than the calendar year—
(A) such company may elect to determine its ordinary income and net ordinary loss (as defined in paragraph (2)(C)(ii)) for the calendar year without regard to any portion of any net ordinary loss (determined without regard to specified gains and losses taken into account under paragraph (5)) which is attributable to the portion of such calendar year which is after the beginning of the taxable year which begins in such calendar year, and
(B) any amount of net ordinary loss not taken into account for a calendar year by reason of subparagraph (A) shall be treated as arising on the 1st day of the following calendar year.
(f) Exception for certain regulated investment companies
This section shall not apply to any regulated investment company for any calendar year if at all times during such calendar year each shareholder in such company was—
(1) a trust described in section 401(a) and exempt from tax under section 501(a),
(2) a segregated asset account of a life insurance company held in connection with variable contracts (as defined in section 817(d)),
(3) any other tax-exempt entity whose ownership of beneficial interests in the company would not preclude the application of section 817(h)(4), or
(4) another regulated investment company described in this subsection.
For purposes of the preceding sentence, any shares attributable to an investment in the regulated investment company (not exceeding $250,000) made in connection with the organization of such company shall not be taken into account.
(Added Pub. L. 99–514, title VI, § 651(a), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2294; amended Pub. L. 100–203, title X, § 10104(b)(1), Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1330–387; Pub. L. 100–647, title I, § 1006(l)(2), (5), (6), Nov. 10, 1988, 102 Stat. 3413, 3414; Pub. L. 101–239, title VII, § 7204(a)(1), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2334; Pub. L. 105–34, title XI, § 1122(c)(1), Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 976; Pub. L. 111–325, title IV, §§ 401(a), 402(a), 403(a), 404(a), Dec. 22, 2010, 124 Stat. 3552–3554; Pub. L. 113–295, div. A, title II, §§ 205(d), 220(s), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 4026, 4036.)