1. U.S. Code
  2. title 12
  3. chapter 3
  4. subchapter II
  5. § 251

Collapse to view only § 251. Repealed.

§ 241. Creation; membership; compensation and expenses

The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (hereinafter referred to as the “Board”) shall be composed of seven members, to be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, after August 23, 1935, for terms of fourteen years except as hereinafter provided, but each appointive member of the Federal Reserve Board in office on such date shall continue to serve as a member of the Board until February 1, 1936, and the Secretary of the Treasury and the Comptroller of the Currency shall continue to serve as members of the Board until February 1, 1936. In selecting the members of the Board, not more than one of whom shall be selected from any one Federal Reserve district, the President shall have due regard to a fair representation of the financial, agricultural, industrial, and commercial interests, and geographical divisions of the country. In selecting members of the Board, the President shall appoint at least 1 member with demonstrated primary experience working in or supervising community banks having less than $10,000,000,000 in total assets. The members of the Board shall devote their entire time to the business of the Board and shall each receive basic compensation at the rate of $15,000 per annum, payable monthly, together with actual necessary traveling expenses.

(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, § 10 (par.), 38 Stat. 260; June 3, 1922, ch. 205, 42 Stat. 620; Aug. 23, 1935, ch. 614, title II, § 203(b), 49 Stat. 704; Pub. L. 114–1, title I, § 109(a), Jan. 12, 2015, 129 Stat. 9.)

CITE AS: 12 USC 241

§ 242. Ineligibility to hold office in member banks; qualifications and terms of office of members; chairman and vice chairman; oath of office

The members of the Board shall be ineligible during the time they are in office and for two years thereafter to hold any office, position, or employment in any member bank, except that this restriction shall not apply to a member who has served the full term for which he was appointed. Upon the expiration of the term of any appointive member of the Federal Reserve Board in office on August 23, 1935, the President shall fix the term of the successor to such member at not to exceed fourteen years, as designated by the President at the time of nomination, but in such manner as to provide for the expiration of the term of not more than one member in any two-year period, and thereafter each member shall hold office for a term of fourteen years from the expiration of the term of his predecessor, unless sooner removed for cause by the President. Of the persons thus appointed, 1 shall be designated by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to serve as Chairman of the Board for a term of 4 years, and 2 shall be designated by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to serve as Vice Chairmen of the Board, each for a term of 4 years, 1 of whom shall serve in the absence of the Chairman, as provided in section 244 of this title, and 1 of whom shall be designated Vice Chairman for Supervision. The Vice Chairman for Supervision shall develop policy recommendations for the Board regarding supervision and regulation of depository institution holding companies and other financial firms supervised by the Board, and shall oversee the supervision and regulation of such firms. The Chairman of the Board, subject to its supervision, shall be its active executive officer. Each member of the Board shall within fifteen days after notice of appointment make and subscribe to the oath of office. Upon the expiration of their terms of office, members of the Board shall continue to serve until their successors are appointed and have qualified. Any person appointed as a member of the Board after August 23, 1935, shall not be eligible for reappointment as such member after he shall have served a full term of fourteen years.

(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, § 10 (par.), 38 Stat. 260; June 3, 1922, ch. 205, 42 Stat. 620; June 16, 1933, ch. 89, § 6(a), 48 Stat. 166; Aug. 23, 1935, ch. 614, title II, § 203(b), 49 Stat. 704; Pub. L. 95–188, title II, § 204(a), Nov. 16, 1977, 91 Stat. 1388; Pub. L. 111–203, title XI, § 1108(a)(1), July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2126.)

CITE AS: 12 USC 242

§ 243. Assessments upon Federal reserve banks to pay expenses

The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System shall have power to levy semiannually upon the Federal reserve banks, in proportion to their capital stock and surplus, an assessment sufficient to pay its estimated expenses and the salaries of its members and employees for the half year succeeding the levying of such assessment, together with any deficit carried forward from the preceding half year, and such assessments may include amounts sufficient to provide for the acquisition by the Board in its own name of such site or building in the District of Columbia as in its judgment alone shall be necessary for the purpose of providing suitable and adequate quarters for the performance of its functions. After September 1, 2000, the Board may also use such assessments to acquire, in its own name, a site or building (in addition to the facilities existing on such date) to provide for the performance of the functions of the Board. After approving such plans, estimates, and specifications as it shall have caused to be prepared, the Board may, notwithstanding any other provision of law, cause to be constructed on any site so acquired by it a building or buildings suitable and adequate in its judgment for its purposes and proceed to take all such steps as it may deem necessary or appropriate in connection with the construction, equipment, and furnishing of such building or buildings. The Board may maintain, enlarge, or remodel any building or buildings so acquired or constructed and shall have sole control of such building or buildings and space therein.

(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, § 10 (par.), 38 Stat. 261; June 3, 1922, ch. 205, 42 Stat. 621; June 19, 1934, ch. 653, § 4, 48 Stat. 1108; Aug. 23, 1935, ch. 614, title II, § 203(a), 49 Stat. 704; Pub. L. 106–569, title X, § 1001, Dec. 27, 2000, 114 Stat. 3027.)

CITE AS: 12 USC 243

§ 244. Principal offices of Board; chairman of Board; obligations and expenses; qualifications of members; vacancies

The principal offices of the Board shall be in the District of Columbia. At meetings of the Board the chairman shall preside, and, in his absence, the vice chairman shall preside. In the absence of the chairman and the vice chairman, the Board shall elect a member to act as chairman pro tempore. The Board shall determine and prescribe the manner in which its obligations shall be incurred and its disbursements and expenses allowed and paid, and may leave on deposit in the Federal Reserve banks the proceeds of assessments levied upon them to defray its estimated expenses and the salaries of its members and employees, whose employment, compensation, leave, and expenses shall be governed solely by the provisions of this chapter and rules and regulations of the Board not inconsistent therewith; and funds derived from such assessments shall not be construed to be Government funds or appropriated moneys. No member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System shall be an officer or director of any bank, banking institution, trust company, or Federal Reserve bank or hold stock in any bank, banking institution, or trust company; and before entering upon his duties as a member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System he shall certify under oath that he has complied with this requirement, and such certification shall be filed with the secretary of the Board. Whenever a vacancy shall occur, other than by expiration of term, among the seven members of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System appointed by the President as above provided, a successor shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to fill such vacancy, and when appointed he shall hold office for the unexpired term of his predecessor.

(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, § 10 (par.), 38 Stat. 261; June 3, 1922, ch. 205, 42 Stat. 621; June 16, 1933, ch. 89, § 6(b), 48 Stat. 167; Aug. 23, 1935, ch. 614, title II, § 203(a)–(c), 49 Stat. 704, 705.)

CITE AS: 12 USC 244

§ 245. Vacancies during recess of Senate

The President shall have power to fill all vacancies that may happen on the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System during the recess of the Senate by granting commissions which shall expire with the next session of the Senate.

(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, § 10 (par.), 38 Stat. 260; June 3, 1922, ch. 205, 42 Stat. 620; Aug. 23, 1935, ch. 614, title II, § 203(a), 49, Stat. 704.)

CITE AS: 12 USC 245

§ 246. Powers of Secretary of the Treasury as affected by chapter

Nothing in this chapter contained shall be construed as taking away any powers heretofore vested by law in the Secretary of the Treasury which relate to the supervision, management, and control of the Treasury Department and bureaus under such department, and wherever any power vested by this chapter in the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or the Federal reserve agent appears to conflict with the powers of the Secretary of the Treasury, such powers shall be exercised subject to the supervision and control of the Secretary.

(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, § 10 (par.), 38 Stat. 261; June 3, 1922, ch. 205, 42 Stat. 621; Aug. 23, 1935, ch. 614, title II, § 203(a), 49 Stat. 704.)

CITE AS: 12 USC 246

§ 247. Reports to Congress

The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System shall annually make a full report of its operations to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, who shall cause the same to be printed for the information of the Congress. The report required under this paragraph shall include the reports required under section 1691f of title 15, section 57a(f)(7) 1

1 See References in Text note below.
of title 15, section 1613 of title 15, and section 247a of this title.

(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, § 10 (par.), 38 Stat. 261; June 3, 1922, ch. 205, 42 Stat. 621; Aug. 23, 1935, ch. 614, title II, § 203(a), 49 Stat. 704; Pub. L. 106–569, title XI, § 1103(b), Dec. 27, 2000, 114 Stat. 3030.)

CITE AS: 12 USC 247

§ 247a. Records of action on policy relating to open-market operation and policies determined generally; inclusion in report to Congress

The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System shall keep a complete record of the action taken by the Board and by the Federal Open Market Committee upon all questions of policy relating to open-market operations and shall record therein the votes taken in connection with the determination of open-market policies and the reasons underlying the action of the Board and the Committee in each instance. The Board shall keep a similar record with respect to all questions of policy determined by the Board, and shall include in its annual report to the Congress a full account of the action so taken during the preceding year with respect to open-market policies and operations and with respect to the policies determined by it and shall include in such report a copy of the records required to be kept under the provisions of this section.

(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, § 10 (par.), as added Aug. 23, 1935, ch. 614, title II, § 203(d), 49 Stat. 705.)

CITE AS: 12 USC 247a

§ 247b. Appearances before Congress

The Vice Chairman for Supervision shall appear before the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives and at semi-annual hearings regarding the efforts, activities, objectives, and plans of the Board with respect to the conduct of supervision and regulation of depository institution holding companies and other financial firms supervised by the Board.

(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, § 10(12), as added Pub. L. 111–203, title XI, § 1108(b), July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2126.)

CITE AS: 12 USC 247b

§ 248. Enumerated powersThe Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System shall be authorized and empowered:
(a) Examination of accounts and affairs of banks; publication of weekly statements; reports of liabilities and assets of depository institutions; covered institutions
(1) To examine at its discretion the accounts, books, and affairs of each Federal reserve bank and of each member bank and to require such statements and reports as it may deem necessary. The said board shall publish once each week a statement showing the condition of each Federal reserve bank and a consolidated statement for all Federal reserve banks. Such statements shall show in detail the assets and liabilities of the Federal reserve banks, single and combined, and shall furnish full information regarding the character of the money held as reserve and the amount, nature, and maturities of the paper and other investments owned or held by Federal reserve banks.
(2) To require any depository institution specified in this paragraph to make, at such intervals as the Board may prescribe, such reports of its liabilities and assets as the Board may determine to be necessary or desirable to enable the Board to discharge its responsibility to monitor and control monetary and credit aggregates. Such reports shall be made (A) directly to the Board in the case of member banks and in the case of other depository institutions whose reserve requirements under sections 461, 463, 464, 465, and 466 of this title exceed zero, and (B) for all other reports to the Board through the (i) Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation in the case of insured State savings associations that are insured depository institutions (as defined in section 1813 of this title), State nonmember banks, savings banks, and mutual savings banks, (ii) National Credit Union Administration Board in the case of insured credit unions, (iii) the Comptroller of the Currency in the case of any Federal savings association which is an insured depository institution (as defined in section 1813 of this title) or which is a member as defined in section 1422 of this title, and (iv) such State officer or agency as the Board may designate in the case of any other type of bank, savings association, or credit union. The Board shall endeavor to avoid the imposition of unnecessary burdens on reporting institutions and the duplication of other reporting requirements. Except as otherwise required by law, any data provided to any department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States pursuant to other reporting requirements shall be made available to the Board. The Board may classify depository institutions for the purposes of this paragraph and may impose different requirements on each such class.
(b) Permitting or requiring rediscounting of paper at specified rate
(c) Suspending reserve requirements
(d) Supervising and regulating issue and retirement of notes
(e) Adding to or reclassifying reserve cities
(f) Suspending or removing officers or directors of reserve banks
(g) Requiring writing off of doubtful or worthless assets of banks
(h) Suspending operations of or liquidating or reorganizing banks
(i) Requiring bonds of agents; safeguarding property in hands of agents
(j) Exercising supervision over reserve banks
(k) Delegation of certain functions; power to delegate; review of delegated activities
(l) Employing attorneys, experts, assistants, and clerks; salaries and fees
(m) [Repealed]
(n) Board’s authority to examine depository institutions and affiliates
(o) Authority to appoint conservator or receiver
(p) Authority
(q) Uniform protection authority for Federal reserve facilities
(1) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, to authorize personnel to act as law enforcement officers to protect and safeguard the premises, grounds, property, personnel, including members of the Board, of the Board, or any Federal reserve bank, and operations conducted by or on behalf of the Board or a reserve bank.
(2) The Board may, subject to the regulations prescribed under paragraph (5), delegate authority to a Federal reserve bank to authorize personnel to act as law enforcement officers to protect and safeguard the bank’s premises, grounds, property, personnel, and operations conducted by or on behalf of the bank.
(3) Law enforcement officers designated or authorized by the Board or a reserve bank under paragraph (1) or (2) are authorized while on duty to carry firearms and make arrests without warrants for any offense against the United States committed in their presence, or for any felony cognizable under the laws of the United States committed or being committed within the buildings and grounds of the Board or a reserve bank if they have reasonable grounds to believe that the person to be arrested has committed or is committing such a felony. Such officers shall have access to law enforcement information that may be necessary for the protection of the property or personnel of the Board or a reserve bank.
(4) For purposes of this subsection, the term “law enforcement officers” means personnel who have successfully completed law enforcement training and are authorized to carry firearms and make arrests pursuant to this subsection.
(5) The law enforcement authorities provided for in this subsection may be exercised only pursuant to regulations prescribed by the Board and approved by the Attorney General.
(r) Voting; documentation of determinations
(1) Any action that this chapter provides may be taken only upon the affirmative vote of 5 members of the Board may be taken upon the unanimous vote of all members then in office if there are fewer than 5 members in office at the time of the action.
(2)
(A) Any action that the Board is otherwise authorized to take under section 343(3) of this title may be taken upon the unanimous vote of all available members then in office, if—
(i) at least 2 members are available and all available members participate in the action;
(ii) the available members unanimously determine that—(I) unusual and exigent circumstances exist and the borrower is unable to secure adequate credit accommodations from other sources;(II) action on the matter is necessary to prevent, correct, or mitigate serious harm to the economy or the stability of the financial system of the United States;(III) despite the use of all means available (including all available telephonic, telegraphic, and other electronic means), the other members of the Board have not been able to be contacted on the matter; and(IV) action on the matter is required before the number of Board members otherwise required to vote on the matter can be contacted through any available means (including all available telephonic, telegraphic, and other electronic means); and
(iii) any credit extended by a Federal reserve bank pursuant to such action is payable upon demand of the Board.
(B) The available members of the Board shall document in writing the determinations required by subparagraph (A)(ii), and such written findings shall be included in the record of the action and in the official minutes of the Board, and copies of such record shall be provided as soon as practicable to the members of the Board who were not available to participate in the action and to the Chairman of the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate and to the Chairman of the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives.
(s)2
2 So in original. Two subsecs. (s) have been enacted.
Federal Reserve transparency and release of information
(1) In generalIn order to ensure the disclosure in a timely manner consistent with the purposes of this chapter of information concerning the borrowers and counterparties participating in emergency credit facilities, discount window lending programs, and open market operations authorized or conducted by the Board or a Federal reserve bank, the Board of Governors shall disclose, as provided in paragraph (2)—
(A) the names and identifying details of each borrower, participant, or counterparty in any credit facility or covered transaction;
(B) the amount borrowed by or transferred by or to a specific borrower, participant, or counterparty in any credit facility or covered transaction;
(C) the interest rate or discount paid by each borrower, participant, or counterparty in any credit facility or covered transaction; and
(D) information identifying the types and amounts of collateral pledged or assets transferred in connection with participation in any credit facility or covered transaction.
(2) Mandatory release dateIn the case of—
(A) a credit facility, the Board shall disclose the information described in paragraph (1) on the date that is 1 year after the effective date of the termination by the Board of the authorization of the credit facility; and
(B) a covered transaction, the Board shall disclose the information described in paragraph (1) on the last day of the eighth calendar quarter following the calendar quarter in which the covered transaction was conducted.
(3) Earlier release date authorized
(4) DefinitionsFor purposes of this subsection, the following definitions shall apply:
(A) Credit facility
(B) Covered transactionThe term “covered transaction” means—
(i) any open market transaction with a nongovernmental third party conducted under section 353 of this title or section 354, 355, or 356 of this title, after July 21, 2010; and
(ii) any advance made under section 347b of this title after July 21, 2010.
(5) Termination of credit facility by operation of law
(6) Consistent treatment of information
(7) Protection of personal privacy
(8) Study of FOIA exemption impact
(A) StudyThe Inspector General of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System shall—
(i) conduct a study on the impact that the exemption from section 552(b)(3) of title 5 (known as the Freedom of Information Act) established under paragraph (6) has had on the ability of the public to access information about the administration by the Board of Governors of emergency credit facilities, discount window lending programs, and open market operations; and
(ii) make any recommendations on whether the exemption described in clause (i) should remain in effect.
(B) Report
(9) Rule of construction
(s)2 Assessments, fees, and other charges for certain companies
(1) In general
(2) CompaniesThe companies described in this paragraph are—
(A) all bank holding companies having total consolidated assets of $100,000,000,000 or more;
(B) all savings and loan holding companies having total consolidated assets of $100,000,000,000 or more; and
(C) all nonbank financial companies supervised by the Board under section 5323 of this title.
(3) Tailoring assessments
(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, § 11, 38 Stat. 261; Sept. 7, 1916, ch. 461, 39 Stat. 752; Sept. 26, 1918, ch. 177, § 2, 40 Stat. 968; Mar. 3, 1919, ch. 101, § 3, 40 Stat. 1315; Feb. 27, 1921, ch. 75, 41 Stat. 1146; June 26, 1930, ch. 612, 46 Stat. 814; Mar. 9, 1933, ch. 1, title I, § 3, 48 Stat. 2; June 16, 1933, ch. 89, § 7, 48 Stat. 167; Aug. 23, 1935, ch. 614, title II, § 203(a), title III, §§ 321(a), 342, 49 Stat. 704, 713, 722; June 12, 1945, ch. 186, § 1(c), 59 Stat. 237; Pub. L. 86–114, § 3(b)(6), July 28, 1959, 73 Stat. 264; Pub. L. 86–251, § 3(c), Sept. 9, 1959, 73 Stat. 488; Pub. L. 87–722, § 3, Sept. 28, 1962, 76 Stat. 670; Pub. L. 89–427, § 2, May 20, 1966, 80 Stat. 161; Pub. L. 89–765, Nov. 5, 1966, 80 Stat. 1314; Pub. L. 90–269, § 1, Mar. 18, 1968, 82 Stat. 50; Pub. L. 95–251, § 2(a)(3), Mar. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 183; Pub. L. 96–221, title I, § 102, Mar. 31, 1980, 94 Stat. 132; Pub. L. 97–258, § 5(b), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1068; Pub. L. 97–457, § 17(b), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2509; Pub. L. 101–73, title VII, § 744(i)(1), Aug. 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 439; Pub. L. 102–242, title I, §§ 133(f), 142(c), Dec. 19, 1991, 105 Stat. 2273, 2281; Pub. L. 102–550, title XVI, § 1603(d)(9), Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4080; Pub. L. 103–325, title III, §§ 322(d), 331(d), title VI, § 602(g)(2), Sept. 23, 1994, 108 Stat. 2227, 2232, 2293; Pub. L. 106–102, title VII, § 735, Nov. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1479; Pub. L. 107–56, title III, § 364, Oct. 26, 2001, 115 Stat. 333; Pub. L. 107–297, title III, § 301, Nov. 26, 2002, 116 Stat. 2340; Pub. L. 111–203, title III, §§ 318(c), 366(1), title XI, §§ 1103(b), 1108(c), July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 1527, 1556, 2118, 2126; Pub. L. 115–174, title IV, § 401(c)(2), May 24, 2018, 132 Stat. 1358.)

CITE AS: 12 USC 248

§ 248–1. Rules and regulations for transfer of funds and charges therefor among banks; clearing houses

The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System shall make and promulgate from time to time regulations governing the transfer of funds and charges therefor among Federal reserve banks and their branches, and may at its discretion exercise the functions of a clearing house for such Federal reserve banks, or may designate a Federal reserve bank to exercise such functions, and may also require each such bank to exercise the functions of a clearing house for depository institutions.

(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, § 16 (par.), 38 Stat. 268; Aug. 23, 1935, ch. 614, § 203(a), 49 Stat. 704; Pub. L. 96–221, title I, § 105(d), Mar. 31, 1980, 94 Stat. 140.)

CITE AS: 12 USC 248-1

§ 248a. Pricing of services
(a) Publication of pricing principles and proposed schedule of fees; effective date of schedule of fees
(b) Covered services
The services which shall be covered by the schedule of fees under subsection (a) are—
(1) currency and coin services;
(2) check clearing and collection services;
(3) wire transfer services;
(4) automated clearinghouse services;
(5) settlement services;
(6) securities safekeeping services;
(7) Federal Reserve float; and
(8) any new services which the Federal Reserve System offers, including but not limited to payment services to effectuate the electronic transfer of funds.
(c) Criteria applicable
The schedule of fees prescribed pursuant to this section shall be based on the following principles:
(1) All Federal Reserve bank services covered by the fee schedule shall be priced explicitly.
(2) All Federal Reserve bank services covered by the fee schedule shall be available to nonmember depository institutions and such services shall be priced at the same fee schedule applicable to member banks, except that nonmembers shall be subject to any other terms, including a requirement of balances sufficient for clearing purposes, that the Board may determine are applicable to member banks.
(3) Over the long run, fees shall be established on the basis of all direct and indirect costs actually incurred in providing the Federal Reserve services priced, including interest on items credited prior to actual collection, overhead, and an allocation of imputed costs which takes into account the taxes that would have been paid and the return on capital that would have been provided had the services been furnished by a private business firm, except that the pricing principles shall give due regard to competitive factors and the provision of an adequate level of such services nationwide.
(4) Interest on items credited prior to collection shall be charged at the current rate applicable in the market for Federal funds.
(d) Budgetary consequences of decline in volume of services
(e) Parity in clearing
(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, § 11A, as added Pub. L. 96–221, title I, § 107, Mar. 31, 1980, 94 Stat. 140; amended Pub. L. 100–86, title VI, § 612(a), Aug. 10, 1987, 101 Stat. 652.)

CITE AS: 12 USC 248a

§ 248b. Annual independent audits of Federal reserve banks and Board

The Board shall order an annual independent audit of the financial statements of each Federal reserve bank and the Board.

(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, § 11B, as added Pub. L. 106–102, title VII, § 726, Nov. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1475.)

CITE AS: 12 USC 248b

§ 248c. Master account and services database
(a) DefinitionsIn this section:
(1) Access request
(2) Official accountholderThe term “official accountholder” means—
(A) a foreign state, as defined in section 632 of this title;
(B) a central bank, as defined in section 632 of this title, other than a commercial bank;
(C) a public international organization entitled to enjoy privileges, exemptions, and immunities as an international organization under the International Organizations Immunities Act (22 U.S.C. 288 et seq.); and
(D) any governmental entity for which the Secretary of the Treasury has directed a Federal reserve bank to receive deposits as fiscal agent of the United States under section 391 of this title.
(3) Reserve bank master account and servicesThe term “reserve bank master account and services” means an account in which a Federal reserve bank—
(A) receives deposits for an entity other than an official accountholder; or
(B) provides any service under section 248a(b) of this title to an entity other than an official accountholder.
(b) Publishing master account and access information
(1) Online databaseThe Board shall create and maintain a public, online, and searchable database that contains—
(A) a list of every entity that currently has access to a reserve bank master account and services, including the date on which the access was granted to the extent the date is knowable;
(B) a list of every entity that submits an access request for a reserve bank master account and services after enactment of this section (or that has submitted an access request that is pending on December 23, 2022), including whether, and the dates on which, a request—
(i) was submitted; and
(ii) was approved, rejected, pending, or withdrawn; and
(C) for each list described in subparagraph (A) or (B), the type of entity that holds or submitted an access request for a reserve bank master account and services, including whether such entity is—
(i) an insured depository institution, as defined in section 1813 of this title;
(ii) an insured credit union, as defined in section 1752 of this title; or
(iii) a depository institution that is not an insured depository institution or an insured credit union.
(2) Updates
(3) Deadline
(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, § 11C, as added Pub. L. 117–263, div. E, title LVII, § 5708, Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3419.)

CITE AS: 12 USC 248c

§ 249. Repealed. Pub. L. 94–412, title V, § 501(c), Sept. 14, 1976, 90 Stat. 1258

CITE AS: 12 USC 249

§ 250. Independence of financial regulatory agencies

No officer or agency of the United States shall have any authority to require the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Comptroller of the Currency, the Director of the Office of Thrift Supervision, the Director of the Federal Housing Finance Agency, or the National Credit Union Administration to submit legislative recommendations, or testimony, or comments on legislation, to any officer or agency of the United States for approval, comments, or review, prior to the submission of such recommendations, testimony, or comments to the Congress if such recommendations, testimony, or comments to the Congress include a statement indicating that the views expressed therein are those of the agency submitting them and do not necessarily represent the views of the President.

(Pub. L. 93–495, title I, § 111, Oct. 28, 1974, 88 Stat. 1506; Pub. L. 103–325, title III, § 331(a), Sept. 23, 1994, 108 Stat. 2232; Pub. L. 106–102, title VI, § 606(e)(2), Nov. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1455; Pub. L. 110–289, div. A, title I, § 1102(b), July 30, 2008, 122 Stat. 2664.)

CITE AS: 12 USC 250

§ 251. Repealed. Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title II, § 2224(a), Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–415

CITE AS: 12 USC 251

§ 252. Credit availability assessment
(a) Study
(1) In general
(2) Contents of study
The study required under paragraph (1) shall identify, to the extent practicable, those factors which provide policymakers with insights into the small business credit market, including—
(A) the demand for small business credit, including consideration of the impact of economic cycles on the levels of such demand;
(B) the availability of credit to small businesses;
(C) the range of credit options available to small businesses, such as those available from insured depository institutions and other providers of credit;
(D) the types of credit products used to finance small business operations, including the use of traditional loans, leases, lines of credit, home equity loans, credit cards, and other sources of financing;
(E) the credit needs of small businesses, including, if appropriate, the extent to which such needs differ, based upon product type, size of business, cash flow requirements, characteristics of ownership or investors, or other aspects of such business;
(F) the types of risks to creditors in providing credit to small businesses; and
(G) such other factors as the Board deems appropriate.
(b) Use of existing data
(Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title II, § 2227, Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–417.)

CITE AS: 12 USC 252

§ 253. Open data publication by the Board of Governors
All public data assets published by the Board of Governors under this chapter, the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 (12 U.S.C. 1841 et seq.), the Financial Stability Act of 2010 (12 U.S.C. 5311 et seq.), the Home Owners’ Loan Act (12 U.S.C. 1461 et seq.), the Payment, Clearing, and Settlement Supervision Act of 2010 (12 U.S.C. 5461 et seq.), or the Enhancing Financial Institution Safety and Soundness Act of 2010 (title III of Public Law 111–203) (or any provision of law amended by that Act) shall be—
(1) made available as an open Government data asset (as defined in section 3502 of title 44);
(2) freely available for download;
(3) rendered in a human-readable format; and
(4) accessible via application programming interface where appropriate.
(Dec. 23, 1913, ch. 6, § 32, as added Pub. L. 117–263, div. E, title LVIII, § 5862, Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3435.)

CITE AS: 12 USC 253