A fire main system must have at least two independently driven fire pumps that can each deliver water at a continuous pitot tube pressure of at least 3.5 kilograms per square centimeter (approximately 50 pounds per square inch) at least two fire hose nozzles that are connected to the highest two fire hydrants on the unit. Alternative designs that meet the pressure requirement of this paragraph will be considered for column stabilized and self elevating units.

(a) Each fire pump in a fire main system must have a relief valve on its discharge side that is set to relieve at 1.75 kilograms per square centimeter (approximately 25 pounds per square inch) in excess of the pump discharge pressure necessary to meet the pressure required in § 108.415 for the pump or 8.6 kilograms per square centimeters (approximately 125 pounds per square inch), whichever is greater. A relief valve may be omitted if the pump operating under shut off condition is not capable of developing the pressure described in § 108.415 plus 1.75 kilograms per square centimeter (25 pounds per square inch).

(b) Each fire pump in a fire main system must have a pressure gauge on its discharge side.

(c) Fire pumps may be used for other purposes. One of the required pumps must be kept available for use on the fire system at all times. If a fire pump is used in a system other than the fire main system, except for branch lines connected to the fire main for deck washing, each pipe connecting the other system must be connected to the pump discharge through a shut off valve at a manifold near the pump. If the fire pump exceeds the pressure in § 108.417(a), the pipe leading from the discharge manifold to other portions of the fire main system must have a reducing station and a pressure gauge in addition to the pressure gauge required by paragraph (b) of this section.

(d) If a fire pump has a reducing station, the relief valve required by paragraph (a) of this section for the pump and the additional pressure gauge required in paragraph (c) of this section must not be located on the discharge side of the reducing station.

(e) An oil line must not be connected to a fire pump.

The diameter of the fire main must be sufficient for the effective distribution of the maximum required discharge from two fire pumps operating simultaneously.

Each fire pump required by § 108.415, and the source of power, controls, sea connections for the fire pump, and booster pumps, if installed, must be installed in locations where, if a fire occurs in an enclosed space, all of the fire pumps on the unit are not made inoperative, except that if compliance with this requirement is impracticable, a gas type extinguishing system may be installed to protect at least one of the fire pumps, its source of power, and controls.

(a) A fire main system must have enough fire hydrants so that each accessible space may be sprayed with at least two spray patterns of water.

(b) In a main machinery space, except a shaft alley with no assigned space for stowage of combustibles, each spray pattern of water must be from one length of fire hose and each must be from a separate outlet. In all other spaces at least one spray pattern of water must be from one length of fire hose.

(c) No outlet on a fire hydrant may point above the horizontal.

(d) Each fire hydrant must have at least one spanner and at least one fire hose rack or reel.

(a) Each length of fire hose in a fire main system must be—

(1) Of 1 1/2 or 2 1/2 inch nominal hose size diameter;

(2) Of 50 foot nominal hose size length; and

(3) Lined commercial fire hose that meets Standard 19 of the Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc., (1971 edition) or Federal Specification ZZ-H-451f.

(b) Fire station hydrant connections shall be brass, bronze, or other equivalent metal. Couplings shall either:

(1) Use National Standard fire hose coupling threads for the 1 1/2 inch (38 millimeter) and 2 1/2 inch (64 millimeter) hose sizes, i.e., 9 threads per inch for 1 1/2 inch hose, and 7 1/2 threads per inch for 2 1/2 inch hose; or

(2) Be a uniform design for each hose diameter throughout the vessel.

(c) Each nozzle for a firehose in a fire main system must be a combination solid stream and water spray firehose nozzle that is approve under subpart 162.027. Combination solid stream and water spray nozzles previously approved under subpart 162.027 of this chapter may be retained so long as they are maintained in good condition to the satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection.

(d) A combination solid stream and water spray firehose nozzle previously approved under subpart 162.027 of this chapter, must have a low-velocity water spray applicator also previously approved under subpart 162.027 of this chapter when installed in—

(1) Machinery spaces containing oil fired boilers, internal combustion machinery or oil fuel units; and

(2) Helicopter decks.

A fire main system on a unit in international service must have—

(a) At least one international shore connection that meets ASTM F 1121 (incorporated by reference, see § 105.01-3).

(b) A cutoff valve and check valve for each connection; and

(c) Facilities available enabling the connection to be used on either side of the unit.

(a) Each pipe and fire hydrant in a fire main system must be installed to the extent practicable in locations that are not exposed to damage by materials that are moved on or onto the deck.

(b) Each part of the fire main system located on an exposed deck must either be protected against freezing or be fitted with cutout valves and drain valves to shut off and drain the entire exposed system in freezing weather.

Each unit must have a fire main system.

(a) Each of the following on a unit must have an approved fixed gaseous type extinguishing system:

(1) Each paint locker, oil room, and similar space.

(2) Each enclosed space containing internal combustion or gas turbine main propulsion machinery.

(3) Each enclosed space containing internal combustion machinery with an aggregate power of at least 1000 B.H.P.

(4) Each enclosed space containing a fuel oil unit, including purifiers, valves, or manifolds for main propulsion machinery or internal combustion machinery with an aggregate power of at least 1000 B.H.P.

(5) Each enclosed ventilation system for electric motors or generators used for vital services including bilge pumps, fire pumps, or propulsion.

(b) Each space containing an oil fired boiler, the fuel oil unit or valves for the boiler, or manifolds in the line between the fuel settling tanks and the boiler on a unit must have a fixed gas type, foam, or other approved fire extinguishing system.

Each enclosed ventilating system for electric motors or generators not used for vital services must have an access into the system for firefighting or be protected by a fixed fire protection system.

(a) If a fire detector is in a space, it must provide effective detection of fires most likely to occur in the space.

(b) The fire detection system must be designed to minimize false alarms.

(a) Each fire detection system and each smoke detection system on a unit must—

(1) Be approved by the Commandant in accordance with 46 CFR 161.002; and

(2) Have a visual alarm and an audible alarm in the pilothouse or at a normally manned control station for the system.

(b) Each fire detection system must be divided into zones to limit the area covered by any particular alarm signal.

(c) Each visual alarm must—

(1) Have a chart or diagram next to the alarm that shows the location of the zones in the system and that contains the instructions for operating, and testing the system;

(2) When activated show the zone in the system where fire has been detected; and

(3) Be in a noticeable location in the pilothouse or control station.

(a) Each detector in an electric fire detection system must be located where—

(1) No portion of the overhead of a space protected is more than 3 meters (10 feet) from a detector;

(2) Beams and girders extending below the ceiling of the space protected and any other obstructions do not detract from the effectiveness of the detector; and

(3) Damage to the detector is unlikely to occur if it is not protected.

(b) Each detector must be set to activate at not less than 57 °C (135 °F) and at not more than 73 °C (165 °F), except that if a space normally has a high ambient temperature each detector may be set to activate at not less than 80 °C (175 °F) and not more than 107 °C (225 °F).

(a) All tubing in a pneumatic fire detection system must be on the overhead or within 300 millimeters (12 inches) of the overhead on a bulkhead in a location where—

(1) No portion of the overhead is more than 3.6 meters (12 feet) from the nearest point of tubing;

(2) Beams or girders extending below the ceiling or other obstructions do not detract from the effectiveness of the tubing; and

(3) Damage to the tubing, is unlikely to occur if it is not protected.

(b) If tubing in a tubing circuit is installed in an enclosed space, at least 5% of the tubing in the circuit must be exposed in the space, except that at least 7.6 meters (25 feet) of tubing must always be exposed in the space.

(c) A pneumatic fire detection system must be set to activate after approximately a 22 °C. (40 °F.) per minute increase in temperature at the center of the circuit in the system.

Each smoke accumulator in a smoke detection system must be located on the overhead of the compartment protected by the system in a location—

(a) Where no portion of the overhead of the compartment is more than 12 meters (40 feet) from an accumulator;

(b) That is no closer to the opening of a ventilator than 3 times the diameter or equivalent size of the opening.

(c) Where damage to the accumulator is unlikely to occur if it is not protected.

(a) A fusible element fire detection system may be installed.

(b) The arrangements for the system must be acceptable to the Commandant.

Automatic sprinkler systems must comply with Chapter 25 of NFPA 13 (incorporated by reference, see § 108.101).

(a) Sections 108.431 through 108.457 apply to high pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing systems.

(b) Low pressure systems, that is, those in which the carbon dioxide is stored in liquid form at low temperature, must be approved by the Commandant.

(c) Each carbon dioxide system cylinder must be fabricated, tested, and marked in accordance with §§ 147.60 and 147.65 of this chapter.

Each CO2 system must have enough gas to meet the quantity requirements of § 108.439 for the space requiring the greatest amount of CO2.

(a) The minimum pipe size for the initial charge must meet table 108.441 and the discharge of the required amount of CO2 must be completed within 2 minutes.

(b) The minimum pipe size for the delayed discharge must be at least 1.25 centimeters ( 1/2 inch) standard pipe.

(c) The pipe used for the initial discharge must not be used for the delayed discharge, except systems having a volume of less than 57 cubic meters (2,000 cubic feet).

(a) The number of pounds of CO2 required to protect a space must be equal to the gross volume of the space divided by the appropriate factor from Table 108.439.

(b) If a machinery space includes a casing, the gross volume of the space may be calculated using the reductions allowed in 46 CFR 95.10-5(e).

(c) If fuel can drain from a space to an adjacent space or if two spaces are not entirely separate, the requirements for both spaces must be used to determine the amount of CO2 to be provided and the CO2 system must be arranged to discharge into both spaces simultaneously.

(a) The size of branch lines to spaces protected by a CO2 system must meet Table 108.441.

(b) Distribution piping within a space must be proportioned from the supply line to give proper distribution to the outlets without throttling.

(c) The number, type, and location of discharge outlets must distribute the CO2 uniformly throughout the space.

(d) The total area of all discharge outlets must be more than 35 percent and less than 85 percent of the nominal cylinder outlet area or the area of the supply pipe, whichever is smaller. The nominal cylinder outlet area in square centimeters is determined by multiplying the factor 0.0313 by the number of kilograms of CO2 required. (The nominal cylinder outlet area in square inches is determined by multiplying the factor 0.0022 by the number of pounds of CO2 required). The nominal cylinder outlet area must not be less than 71 square millimeters (0.110 square inches).

(e) A CO2 system must discharge at least 85 percent of the required amount within 2 minutes.

(a) At least one control for operating a CO2 system must be outside the space or spaces that the system protects and in a location that would be accessible if a fire occurred in any space that the system protects. Control valves must not be located in a protected space unless the CO2 cylinders are also in the protected space.

(b) A CO2 system that protects more than one space must have a manifold with a stop valve, the normal position of which is closed, that directs the flow of CO2 to each protected space.

(c) A CO2 system that protects only one space must have a stop valve installed between the cylinders and the discharge outlets in the system, except on a system that has a CO2 supply of 136 kilograms (300 pounds) or less.

(d) At least one of the control stations in a CO2 system that protects a machinery space must be as near as practicable to one of the main escapes from that space.

(e) All distribution valves and controls must be of an approved type.

(f) Each CO2 system that has a stop valve must have a remote control that operates only the stop valve and must have a separate remote control for releasing the required amount of CO2 into the space protected by the system.

(g) Each CO2 system that does not have a stop valve must be operated by a remote control that releases the required amount of CO2 into the space protected by the system.

(h) Remote controls to each space must be in an enclosure.

(i) Each system must have a manual control at its cylinders for releasing CO2 from the cylinders, except that if the system has pilot cylinders, a manual control is not required for other than pilot cylinders.

(j) If gas pressure is used to release CO2 from a system having more than 2 cylinders, the system must have at least 2 pilot cylinders to release the CO2 from the remaining cylinders.

(k) If the entrance to a space containing the CO2 supply or controls of a CO2 system has a lock, the space must have a key to the lock in a break-glass type box that is next to and visible from the entrance.

(a) A lockout valve must be provided on any carbon dioxide extinguishing system protecting a space over 6,000 cubic feet in volume and installed or altered after July 9, 2013. “Altered” means modified or refurbished beyond the maintenance required by the manufacturer's design, installation, operation and maintenance manual.

(b) The lockout valve must be a manually operated valve located in the discharge manifold prior to the stop valve or selector valves. When in the closed position, the lockout valve must provide complete isolation of the system from the protected space or spaces, making it impossible for carbon dioxide to discharge in the event of equipment failure during maintenance.

(c) The lockout valve design or locking mechanism must make it obvious whether the valve is open or closed.

(d) A valve is considered a lockout valve if it has a hasp or other means of attachment to which, or through which, a lock can be affixed, or it has a locking mechanism built into it.

(e) The master or person-in-charge must ensure that the valve is locked open at all times, except while maintenance is being performed on the extinguishing system, when the valve must be locked in the closed position.

(f) Lockout valves added to existing systems must be approved by the Commandant as part of the installed system.

(a) Each CO2 system that has a supply of more than 136 kilograms (300 pounds) of CO2, except a system that protects a tank, must have an alarm that sounds for at least 20 seconds before the CO2 is released into the space.

(b) Each audible alarm for a CO2 system must have the CO2 supply for the system as its source of power and must be in a visible location in the spaces protected.

Each carbon dioxide extinguishing system installed or altered after July 9, 2013, must have an approved odorizing unit to produce the scent of wintergreen, the detection of which will serve as an indication that carbon dioxide gas is present in a protected area and any other area into which the carbon dioxide may migrate. “Altered” means modified or refurbished beyond the maintenance required by the manufacturer's design, installation, operation and maintenance manual.

(a) Each pipe, valve, and fitting in a CO2 system must have a bursting pressure of at least 420 kilograms per square centimeter (6,000 pounds per square inch).

(b) All piping for a CO2 system of nominal size of 19.05 millimeters ( 3/4 inch) inside diameter or less must be at least Schedule 40 (standard weight) and all piping of nominal size over 19.05 millimeters ( 3/4 inch) inside diameter must be at least Schedule 80 (extra heavy).

(c) Each pipe, valve, and fitting made of ferrous materials in a CO2 system must be protected inside and outside from corrosion.

(d) Each CO2 system must have a pressure relief valve set to relieve between 168 and 196 kilograms per square centimeter (2,400 and 2,800 pounds per square inch) in the distribution manifold or other location that protects the piping when all branch line shut off valves are closed.

(e) The end of each branch line in a CO2 system must extend at least 50 millimeters (2 inches) beyond the last discharge outlet and be closed with a cap or plug.

(f) Piping, valves, and fittings in a CO2 system must be securely supported and protected from damage.

(g) Each CO2 system must have drains and dirt traps located where dirt or moisture can accumulate in the system.

(h) Discharge piping in a CO2 system may not be used for any other purpose except as part of a fire detection system.

(i) Piping in a CO2 system that passes through accommodation spaces must not have drains or other openings within these spaces.

(a) Each test prescribed in (b), (c), and (d) of this section must be performed upon completion of the piping installation.

(b) When tested with CO2 or other inert gas under a pressure of 70 kilograms per square centimeter (1000 pounds per square inch), with no additional gas introduced into the system, the leakage in the piping from the cylinders to the stop valves in the manifold must not allow a pressure drop of more than 10.5 kilograms per square centimeter (150 pounds per square inch) per minute for a 2 minute period.

(c) When tested with CO2 or other inert gas under a pressure of 42 kilograms per square centimeter (600 pounds per square inch), with no additional gas introduced into the system, the leakage in each branch line must not allow a pressure drop of more than 10.5 kilograms per square centimeter (150 pounds per square inch) per minute for a 2-minute period. The distribution piping must be capped within the protected space.

(d) Small independent systems protecting emergency generator rooms, lamp lockers and similar small spaces need not meet the tests prescribed in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section if they are tested by blowing out the piping with air at a pressure of at least 7 kilograms per square centimeter (100 pounds per square inch).

(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each cylinder of a CO2 system must be outside each space protected by the system and in a location that would be accessible if a fire occurred in any space protected by the system.

(b) A CO2 system that has a CO2 supply of 136 kilograms (300 pounds) or less may have one or more cylinders in the space protected by the system if the space has a heat detection system to activate the system automatically in addition to the remote and manual controls required by this subpart.

(c) Each space that contains cylinders of a CO2 system must be ventilated and designed to prevent an ambient temperature of more than 54 °C. (130 °F.)

(d) Each cylinder in a CO2 system must be securely fastened, supported, protected from damage, in an accessible location, and capable of removal from that location.

(e) Each unit must have a means for weighing cylinders of a CO2 system.

(f) A cylinder in a CO2 system may not be mounted in a position that is inclined more than 30° from a vertical position, except that a cylinder having flexible or bent siphon tubes may be mounted in a position that is inclined up to 80° from the vertical. The bottom of each cylinder when mounted must be at least 5 centimeters (2 inches) from the deck.

(g) If a cylinder does not have a check valve on its independent cylinder discharge, it must have a plug or cap to close the outlet when the cylinder is moved.

Each discharge outlet must be of an approved type.

(a) Mechanical ventilation for spaces protected by a CO2 system must be designed to shut down automatically when the system is activated.

(b) Each space that is protected by a CO2 system and that has natural ventilation must have a means for closing that ventilation.

(c) Each space protected by a CO2 system must have the following means for closing the openings to the space from outside the space:

(1) Doors, shutters, or dampers for closing each opening in the lower portion of the space.

(2) Doors, shutters, dampers or temporary means such as canvas or other material normally on board a unit may be used for closing each opening in the upper portion of the space.

Each air tight or vapor tight space, such as a paint locker, that is protected by a CO2 system must have a means for releasing pressure that accumulates within the space if CO2 is discharged into the space.

Halogenated gas extinguishing systems may be installed if approved by the Commandant.

(a) A foam extinguishing system in a space must have enough outlets to spread a layer of foam of uniform thickness over the deck or bilge areas of the space.

(b) A foam extinguishing system in a space that has a boiler on a flat that is open to or can drain into a lower portion of the space must have enough outlets to spread a layer of foam of uniform thickness over the—

(1) Flat; and

(2) Deck or bilge areas of the space.

(c) A foam extinguishing system for a tank must have enough outlets to spread a layer of foam of uniform thickness over the surface of the liquid in the tank.

Each machinery flat in a space that has a foam extinguishing system must have coamings that are high enough to retain spilled oil and foam on the flat on all openings except deck drains.

(a) If the outlets of a protein foam extinguishing system are in a space, the foam rate at each outlet must be at least 6.52 liters per minute for each square meter (.16 gallons per minute for each square foot) of area covered by the systems.

(b) If the outlets of a protein foam extinguishing system are in a tank, the foam rate at each outlet must be at least 4.07 liters per minute for each square meter (.1 gallon per minute for each square foot) of liquid surface in the tank.

The water supply of a foam extinguishing system must not be the water supply of the fire main system on the unit unless when both systems are operated simultaneously—

(a) The water supply rate to the foam production equipment meets the requirements of this section; and

(b) Water supply rate to the fire hydrants required by § 108.415 of this subpart allows compliance with the pressure requirement in that section.

(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each foam extinguishing system with outlets—

(1) In a tank must have enough foam producing material to discharge foam for at least 5 minutes at each outlet; and

(2) In a space must have enough foam producing material to discharge foam for at least 3 minutes at each outlet.

(b) If a foam system has outlets in more than one tank or space, the system need have only enough foam producing material to cover the largest space that the system covers or, if the liquid surface of a tank covered by the system is larger, the tank with the largest liquid surface.

Each water pump in a foam extinguishing system must be outside each machinery space in which the system has outlets and must not receive power from any of those spaces.

(a) Each foam agent, each tank for a foam agent, each discharge outlet, each control, and each valve for the operation of a foam extinguishing system must be approved by the Commandant.

(b) Each foam agent tank and each control and valve for the operation of a foam extinguishing system with outlets in a space must be outside the space and must not be in a space that may become inaccessible if a fire occurs in the space.

(c) Each control for a foam extinguishing system with outlets in a space must be near a main escape from the space.

Aqueous film forming foam systems may be installed if approved by the Commandant.

(a) Each pipe, valve, and fitting in a foam extinguishing system must meet the applicable requirements in Subchapter F of this chapter.

(b) Each pipe, valve, and fitting made of ferrous material must be protected inside and outside from corrosion.

(c) Each pipe, valve, and fitting must have support and protection from damage.

(d) Each foam extinguishing system must have enough—

(1) Dirt traps to prevent the accumulation of dirt in its pipes; and

(2) Drains to remove liquid from the system.

(e) Piping in a foam extinguishing system must be used only for discharging foam.

(a) If a fixed foam extinguishing system has outlets in a main machinery space, at least 2 fire hydrants, in addition to the fire hydrants required by § 108.423 of this subpart, must be installed outside the entrances to the space with each at a separate entrance.

(b) Each hydrant must have enough hose to spray any part of the space.

(c) Each hydrant must have a combination nozzle and applicator.

At least two of the accesses to the helicopter landing deck must each have a fire hydrant on the unit's fire main system located next to them.

(a) Each helicopter landing deck on which fueling operations are conducted must have a fire protection system that discharges protein foam or aqueous film forming foam.

(b) a system that only discharges foam must—

(1) Have enough foam agent to discharge foam continuously for at least 5 minutes at maximum discharge rate;

(2) Have at least the amount of foam agent needed to cover an area equivalent to the swept rotor area of the largest helicopter for which the deck is designed with foam at—

(i) If protein foam is used, 6.52 liters per minute for each square meter (.16 gallons per minute for each square foot) of area covered for five minutes;

(ii) If aqueous film forming foam is used, 4.07 liters per minute for each square meter (.1 gallons per minute for each square foot) of area covered for five minutes; and

(3) Be capable of discharging from each hose at 7 kilograms per square centimeter (100 pounds per square inch) pressure—

(i) A single foam stream at a rate of at least 340 liters (90 gallons) per minute; and

(ii) A foam spray at a rate of at least 190 liters (50 gallons) per minute.

(c) Each system must have operating controls at each of its hose locations, be protected from icing and freezing, and be capable of operation within 10 seconds after activation of its controls.

(d) Each system must have at least one hose at each of the two access routes required by § 108.235(f) of this part. Each hose must be reel mounted and long enough to cover any point on the helicopter deck. Each hose that discharges foam must have a nozzle that has foam stream, foam spray, and off positions.

(a) Each helicopter fueling facility must have a fire protection system that discharges one of the following agents in the amounts prescribed for the agents over the area of the fuel containment systems around marine portable tanks, fuel transfer pumps and fuel hose reels:

(1) Protein foam at the rate of 6.52 liters per minute for each square meter (.16 gallons per minute for each square foot) of area covered for five minutes.

(2) Aqueous film forming foam at the rate of 4.07 liters per minute for each square meter (.1 gallon per minute for each square foot) of area covered for five minutes.

(3) A 160-B fire extinguisher approved under § 162.028 or § 162.039 of this chapter for each fueling facility up to 300 square feet (27.87 square meters). Extinguishers with larger numerical ratings or multiple letter designations may be used to meet this requirement.

(b) If the fire protection system required by § 108.487 of this subpart is arranged so that it covers both a helicopter fueling facility and a landing deck, the system must have the quantity of agents required by this section in addition to the quantity required by § 108.487.

(a) Each portable and semi-portable fire extinguisher on a unit must be approved under subpart 162.028 or 162.039 of this chapter.

(b) Vessels contracted for prior to August 22, 2016 must meet the following requirements:

(1) Previously installed extinguishers with extinguishing capacities smaller than what is required in Table 108.495 of this subpart need not be replaced and may be continued in service so long as they are maintained in good condition to the satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection.

(2) All new equipment and installations must meet the applicable requirements in this subpart for new vessels.

(a) Each unit must have the hand portable and semiportable fire extinguishers prescribed in Table 108.495(a) of this subpart and installed in the locations prescribed in the table.

(b) Each portable and semi-portable fire extinguisher must be visible and readily accessible.

(c) The location, size, and number of each portable and semiportable fire extinguisher on a unit must be acceptable to the appropriate OCMI. The OCMI may require extinguishers in addition to those prescribed in Table 108.495(a) if he considers them necessary for fire protection on the unit.

(d) Each hand portable and semiportable fire extinguisher that has a nameplate which states that it is to be protected from freezing, must be located where freezing temperatures do not occur.

Table 1 to § 108.495 indicates the minimum required number and type of fire extinguishers for each space listed. Extinguishers with larger numerical ratings or multiple letter designations may be used if the extinguishers meet the requirements of the table.

(a) The frame or support of each semi-portable fire extinguisher required by Table 108.495(a), except a wheeled semi-portable extinguisher provided for a helicopter landing deck, must be welded or otherwise permanently attached to a bulkhead or deck.

(b) If the following semi-portable fire extinguishers have wheels, they must be securely stowed when not in use to prevent them from rolling out of control under heavy sea conditions:

(1) Each extinguisher required for a helicopter landing deck.

(2) Each extinguisher that is not required by Table 108.495(a).

(c) Semi-portable extinguishers must be fitted with suitable hoses and nozzles, or other practicable means, so that all areas of the space can be protected.

Each unit must have at least 2 fireman's outfits. Each fireman's outfit on a unit must consist of—

(a) A pressure-demand, open-circuit, self-contained breathing apparatus, approved by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and having at a minimum a 30-minute air supply, a full facepiece, and a spare charge; but a self-contained compressed-air breathing apparatus previously approved by MSHA and NIOSH under part 160, subpart 160.011, of this chapter may continue in use as required equipment if it was part of the vessel's equipment on November 23, 1992, and as long as it is maintained in good condition to the satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection;

(b) A Type II or Type III flashlight constructed and marked in accordance with ASTM F 1014 (incorporated by reference, see § 108.101).

(c) An oxygen and explosive meter with the Underwriter's Laboratories, Inc. label or the Factory Mutual label;

(d) A lifeline that—

(1) Is attached to a belt or a suitable harness;

(2) Is made of bronze wire rope, inherently corrosion resistant steel wire rope, or galvanized or tinned steel wire rope;

(3) Is made up of enough 15.2 meters (50 foot) or greater lengths of wire rope to permit use of the outfit in any location on the unit;

(4) Has each end fitted with a hook with a 16 millimeters ( 5/8 inch) throat opening for the keeper; and

(5) Has a minimum breaking strength of 680 kilograms (1,500 pounds).

(e) Boots and gloves that are made of rubber or other electrically non-conductive material;

(f) A helmet that meets the requirements in ANSI standard Z-89.1-1969; and

(g) Clothing that protects the skin from scalding steam and the heat of fire and that has a water resistant outer surface.

Each unit must have at least two fire axes.