(a) Imposition of taxes. Subchapter A of Chapter 51 of the IRC imposes taxes on distilled spirits (including alcohol), wine and beer.

(b) Qualification requirements. Distillers, winemakers, brewers, warehousemen, rectifiers, bottlers, dealers in specially denatured alcohol, users of tax-free and specially denatured alcohol, and wholesalers and importers of liquors, are required to qualify with TTB usually by filing notice or application and bond with, and procuring permit from, the appropriate TTB officer. Dealers in alcohol products fit for beverage use and manufacturers of nonbeverage products who claim drawback under section 5114 of the Internal Revenue Code must register. Detailed information respecting such qualification and registration, including the forms to be used and the procedure to be followed, is contained in the respective regulations described in paragraph (c) of this section.

(c) Regulations. The procedural requirements with respect to matters relating to distilled spirits, wines, and beer which are within the jurisdiction of TTB are published in the regulations described in this paragraph. These regulations contain full information as to the general course and method by which the functions concerning liquors are channeled and determined, including the nature and requirements of formal and informal procedures, the forms, records, reports, and other documents required, and the contents of applications, notices, registrations, permits, bonds, and other documents. Forms prescribed by this part are available as provided in § 70.2(b). The following is a brief description of the several regulations arranged according to the principal subjects and operations concerned:

(1) Establishment and operation of distilled spirits plants. Part 19 of title 27 CFR contains the regulations relating to the location, qualification, construction, arrangement, equipment, and operations (including activities incident thereto) of distilled spirits plants for the production and/or warehousing (including denaturation), and bottling (including bottling in bond) of distilled spirits. Part 19 also contains the regulations relating to distilled spirits for fuel use and the production of vinegar by the vaporizing process.

(2) Miscellaneous liquor transactions. Part 29 of 27 CFR contains miscellaneous regulations relative to the manufacture, removal, and use of stills and condensers, and to the notice, registration, and recordkeeping requirements therefor.

(3) [Reserved]

(4) Gauging of distilled spirits. Part 30 of title 27 CFR contains the regulations that prescribe the gauging instruments, and methods or techniques to be used in measuring distilled spirits (including denatured spirits). Tables are provided for use in making the necessary computation from gauge data.

(5) Rules of practice in permit proceedings. Part 71 of title 27 CFR contains the rules governing the procedure and practice in connection with the disapproval of applications for basic permits, and for the issuance of citations for the suspension, revocation, and annulment of such permits under sections 3 and 4 of the Federal Alcohol Administration Act (27 U.S.C. 201 et seq.), and disapproval, suspension, and revocation of industrial use, operating, withdrawal, and tobacco permits under the Internal Revenue Code. Such rules also govern, insofar as applicable, any adversary proceeding involving adjudication required by statute to oe determined on the record, after opportunity for hearing, under laws administered by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau.

(6) Basic permit requirements under the Federal Alcohol Administration Act. 27 CFR part 1, subpart C, issued pursuant to the Federal Alcohol Administration Act, as amended, contains the requirements relative to the issuance under the Act of basic permits to producers, rectifiers, blenders, bottlers, warehousemen, importers, and wholesalers of distilled spirits, wine, or beer, and the amendment, duration, revocation, suspension, or annulment of such permits.

(7) Bulk sales and bottling of distilled spirits. 27 CFR part 1, subpart E, issued under the Federal Alcohol Administration Act, as amended, contains the requirements relative to bulk sales and bottling of distilled spirits under the Federal Alcohol Administration Act, including the terms of warehouse receipts for distilled spirits in bulk.

(8) Labeling and advertising of distilled spirits. 27 CFR part 5, issued under the Federal Alcohol Administration Act, as amended, contains the requirements relative to the labeling and advertising of distilled spirits under the Federal Alcohol Administration Act, including standards of identity for distilled spirits, standards of fill for bottles of distilled spirits, withdrawal of bottled imported distilled spirits from customs custody, and the issuance of certificates of label approval and certificates of exemption from label approval.

(9) American viticultural areas. Part 9 of title 27 CFR contains the regulations that relate to American viticultural areas. The viticultural areas described in these regulations are approved for use as appellations of origin in accordance with 27 CFR part 4.

(10) Production and removal of wine. Part 24 of title 27 CFR contains the regulations relative to the establishment and operation of bonded wine cellars, including bonded wineries, for the production, cellar treatment, and storage of wines, including amelioration, sweetening, addition of volatile fruit flavor concentrates, addition of wine spirits (including distillates containing aldehydes), blending, and other cellar treatment; removals; taxpayment; return of taxpaid wine; use of wine for distilling material and manufacture of vinegar; and record and report requirements.

(11) Bottling or Packaging of taxpaid wine. Part 24 of title 27 CFR contains the regulations relative to the establishment, qualification, and operations of taxpaid wine bottling houses on premises other than those of a plant operated under part 19 of title 27 CFR, and to the bottling and packaging of taxpaid United States and foreign wines at such premises.

(12) Nonindustrial use of distilled spirits and wine. 27 CFR part 1, subpart D, issued under the Federal Alcohol Administration Act, as amended, specifies what uses of distilled spirits and wine are considered “nonindustrial,” as that term is used in section 17 of the Federal Alcohol Administration Act.

(13) Labeling and advertising of wine. 27 CFR part 4, issued under the Federal Alcohol Administration Act, as amended, contains the requirements relative to the labeling and advertising of wine under the Federal Alcohol Administration Act, including standards of identity for wine, standards of fill for containers of wine, the withdrawal of imported wine from customs custody, and the issuance of certificates of label approval and certificates of exemption from label approval.

(14) Establishment and operations of breweries and experimental breweries. Part 25 of title 27 CFR contains the regulations relating to the production (including concentration and reconstitution incident thereto) and removal of beer and cereal beverages. The regulations cover the location, construction, equipment, and operations of breweries; and the qualification of such establishments, including the ownership, control, and management thereof, and the establishment and operations of experimental breweries.

(15) Labeling and advertising of malt beverages. 27 CFR part 7, issued under the Federal Alcohol Administration Act, as amended, contains the requirements relative to the labeling and advertising of malt beverages (beer) under the Federal Alcohol Administration Act, including withdrawal of imported malt beverages from customs custody, and the issuance of certificates of label approval.

(16) Liquor dealers. Part 31 of title 27 CFR contains the regulations relative to the registration requirement imposed on wholesale and retail dealers in liquors and wholesale and retail dealers in beer; restrictions on purchases of distilled spirits; reuse or refilling of liquor bottles; sale or possession of refilled or used liquor bottles; repackaging of alcohol for industrial use; recordkeeping and reporting requirements; and provisions relating to entry of premises and inspection of records.

(17) Drawback of tax on spirits used in nonbeverage products. Part 17 of title 27 CFR contains the regulations which relate to obtaining drawback of internal revenue tax on distilled spirits used in the manufacture or production of medicines, medicinal preparations, food products, flavors, or flavoring extracts, which are unfit for beverage purposes.

(18) Production of volatile fruit-flavor concentrates. Part 18 of title 27 CFR contains the regulations relating to the manufacture, removal, sale, storage, transfer in bond, transportation, recordkeeping and reporting requirements, and use of volatile fruit flavor concentrates. It includes provisions regarding the location, qualification, use, and operations of concentrate plants.

(19) Tied-House. 27 CFR part 6, issued under the Federal Alcohol Administration Act, as amended, specifies practices which are prohibited by subsection (b) of section 5 of the Act and provides the exception to these prohibitions. This part applies only to transactions between industry members and retailers.

(20) Exclusive outlets. 27 CFR part 8, issued under the Federal Alcohol Administration Act, as amended, specifies practices which are prohibited by subsection (a) of section 5 of the Act. This part applies only to transactions between industry members and retailers.

(21) Commercial bribery. 27 CFR part 10, issued under the Federal Alcohol Administration Act, as amended, specifies practices which are prohibited by subsection (c) of section 5 of the Act. This part applies to transactions between industry members and employees, officers, or representatives of trade buyers.

(22) Consignment sales. 27 CFR part 11, issued under the Federal Alcohol Administration Act, as amended, specifies sales arrangements prohibited by subsection (d) of section 5 of the Act and contains guidelines concerning the return of distilled spirits, wines, and malt beverages from a trade buyer. The regulations in this part apply to transactions between industry members and trade buyers.

(23) Distribution and use of denatured alcohol and rum. Part 20 of title 27 CFR contains the regulations relating to the procurement, use, disposition, and recovery of denatured alcohol, specially denatured rum, and articles containing denatured spirits; and includes requirements in respect to industrial use and withdrawal permits; and the packaging, labeling, sales, rebottling, and reprocessing of articles containing specially denatured spirits.

(24) Formulas for denatured alcohol and rum. Part 21 of title 27 CFR contains the regulations relating to the formulation of completely denatured alcohol, specially denatured alcohol, and specially denatured rum; to the use of specially denatured spirits; and to the specifications for denaturants. The procedural requirements relative to the production of denatured alcohol and specially denatured rum are prescribed in part 19 of title 27 CFR, and those relative to the distribution and use of denatured alcohol and specially denatured rum are prescribed in part 20 of title 27 CFR.

(25) Distribution and use of tax-free alcohol. Part 22 of title 27 CFR contains the regulations relating to tax-free alcohol and covers the procurement, storage, use, and recovery of such alcohol; and included requirements in respect to industrial use and withdrawal permits.

(26) Liquors and articles from Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Part 26 of title 27 CFR contains the regulations relating to the production, bonded warehousing, and withdrawal of distilled spirits, and denatured spirits, and the manufacture of articles in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands to be brought into the United States free of tax and the collection of internal revenue taxes on taxable alcoholic products coming into the United States from Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Regulations respecting spirits produced in Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands and brought into the United States and transferred from customs custody to distilled spirits plants are also contained in this part.

(27) Importation of liquors. Part 27 of title 27 CFR contains the substantive and procedural requirements relative to the importation of distilled spirits, wines, and beer into the United States from foreign countries including commodity taxes, permits, marking, branding, and labeling of containers and packages.

(28) Exportation of liquors. Part 28 of title 27 CFR contains the regulations relating to exportation including, where applicable, lading for use on vessels and aircraft, transfer to a foreign-trade zone, or transfer to a manufacturing bonded warehouse, Class 6, of distilled spirits (including specially denatured spirits), beer (including beer concentrate), and wine, and transfer of distilled spirits and wine for deposit in a customs bonded warehouse, whether without payment of tax, free of tax, or with benefit of drawback. It includes requirements with respect to removal, shipment, lading, deposit, evidence of exportation, losses, claims, and bonds.

(a) Collection. Taxes on distilled spirits, wines, and beer are paid by returns. Depending on the circumstances, the person responsible for paying the taxes may be eligible to file semimonthly, quarterly, or annual returns, with proper remittances, to cover the taxes incurred on distilled spirits, wines, and beer during the semimonthly, quarterly, or annual period. Payment must accompany the return unless required to be made by electronic fund transfer (EFT). If the taxpayer is not qualified to defer taxpayment, or has been placed on a prepayment basis, the taxpayer must prepay the tax on the distilled spirits, wines, or beer. Distilled spirits, wines, and beer tax returns are filed in accordance with the instruction on the return forms, which are furnished to industry members by TTB. Detailed information respecting the payment of tax on liquors, including the forms to be used and procedures to be followed, is contained in the respective regulations described in § 70.411(c).

(b) Assessment. If additional or delinquent tax liability is disclosed by an investigation, or by an examination of records, of a qualified plant or permittee, a notice (except where delay may jeopardize collection of the tax, or where the amount involved is nominal or the result of an evident mathematical error) is sent to the taxpayer advising of the basis and amount of the liability and affording the taxpayer an opportunity to submit a protest, with supporting facts, or to request a conference.

(a) Claims for remission. When distilled spirits (including distilling material and denatured spirits), wine, or beer on which the tax has not been paid or determined is lost, and the person liable for payment of the tax thereon desires to be relieved from such liability, such person may file claim on Form 5620.8 for remission of tax on the quantity that was lost. The appropriate TTB officer may, in any event, require such a claim to be filed, and will require it if circumstances indicate that the loss was caused by theft or, in the case of distilled spirits (including distilling material), unauthorized voluntary destruction. On receipt of a claim the appropriate TTB officer makes a factual determination, and notifies the claimant of allowance or rejection of the claim. If the claim is rejected, and circumstances so warrant, the appropriate TTB officer will take appropriate steps to collect the tax.

(b) Claims for abatement. When the tax on distilled spirits, wines, or beer is assessed and the taxpayer thinks that the tax is not due under the law, such taxpayer may file a claim for abatement of the tax on TTB Form 5620.8 with the officer who made demand for the tax. Such officer may call upon the taxpayer to file a bond in double the amount of the tax in order to insure collection of the tax if the claim is rejected. When the claim is acted upon, the taxpayer is notified of the allowance or rejection of the claim. If the claim is rejected, such officer, will initiate action to collect the tax.

(c) Claims for refund—(1) Taxes illegally, erroneously, or excessively collected. A claim for refund of taxes illegally, erroneously, or excessively collected may be filed by the taxpayer with the officer who collected the tax. Such claim must be filed within three years (two years under certain circumstances) after the date of payment of the tax. If the claim is rejected, the taxpayer is notified of the rejection by registered or certified mail, and the taxpayer may then bring suit in the U.S. District Court or the Court of Claims for recovery of the tax. Such suits must be filed generally within two years from the date of mailing of the rejection notice. If the claim is allowed, a check for the amount of the refund and allowable interest is forwarded to the taxpayer; however, if there are other unpaid taxes outstanding against the taxpayer, the overpayment may be applied to the outstanding taxes and the balance, if any, refunded.

(2) Taxes on liquors lost, destroyed, returned to bond, or taken as samples by the United States. A taxpayer may, subject to the conditions in the appropriate regulations, file claim on Form 5620.8 for refund of tax paid on:

(i) Spirits returned to bonded premises, lost by accident or disaster, or taken as samples by the United States, or

(ii) Wine returned to bond or lost by disaster, or

(iii) Beer returned to a brewery or voluntarily destroyed, or lost, whether by theft or otherwise, or destroyed or otherwise rendered unmerchantable by fire, casualty, or act of God. If the claim is allowed, a check for the amount of the refund is forwarded to the claimant; except, that where there are any unpaid taxes outstanding against the claimant, the refund may be applied to the outstanding taxes and a check for the balance, if any, forwarded to the claimant. If the claim is rejected, a copy of the claim giving the reasons for rejection is forwarded to the claimant.

(d) Claims for allowance, credit, or relief. A qualified permittee, manufacturer, or proprietor may, subject to the conditions in the appropriate regulations, file claim on Form 5620.8 for allowance of loss, credit of tax, or relief from tax liability, as applicable, on

(1) Spirits returned to bonded premises, lost or destroyed on bonded premises, or in transit thereto, or lost by accident or disaster;

(2) Wine lost or destroyed on bonded premises or in transit thereto and wine returned to bond;

(3) Beer returned to a brewery or voluntarily destroyed, or lost, whether by theft or otherwise, or destroyed or otherwise rendered unmerchantable by fire, casualty, or act of God;

(4) Denatured spirits lost or destroyed in bond, or lost on the premises of a qualified dealer or user or in transit to such premises; and

(5) Tax-free spirits lost on the premises of a qualified user or in transit to such premises.

(e) Claims for payment-disaster losses. When distilled spirits, wines, rectified products, or beer held or intended for sale is lost, rendered unmarketable, or condemned by a duly authorized official by reason of a “major disaster” as determined by the President of the United States, the person holding such product for sale at that time may, subject to the conditions in the appropriate regulations, file a claim on form TTB F 5620.8 for payment of an amount equal to the internal revenue taxes paid or determined and any customs duties paid thereon. Claims must be filed within 6 months from the date on which the President makes the determination that the disaster has occurred. The determination date is construed to mean the date the Director, Office of Emergency Preparedness, identifies the specific disaster area.

(a) Distilled spirits at distilled spirits plants. Procedural instructions in respect of claims for remission, abatement, credit, or refund of tax on spirits (including denatured spirits) lost or destroyed on or lost in transit to, or on spirits returned to, the premises of a distilled spirits plant are contained in Part 19 of Title 27 CFR. It is not necessary to file a claim for credit of tax on taxpaid samples taken by appropriate TTB officers from distilled spirits plants, as the appropriate TTB officer will allow credit, without claim, for tax on such samples.

(b) Specially denatured spirits. Procedural instructions in respect of claims for allowance of loss on specially denatured spirits lost on the premises of a dealer or user, or while in transit to such premises, are contained in part 20 of title 27 CFR.

(c) Tax-free alcohol. Procedural instructions in respect of claims for allowance of loss on tax-free alcohol lost on the premises of a qualified user, or while in transit to such premises, are contained in part 22 of title 27 CFR.

(d) Wine spirits and wine at bonded wine cellar. Procedural instructions in respect of claims for:

(1) Remission of tax on wine spirits lost on the premises of a bonded wine cellar or in transit thereto,

(2) Allowance of losses of wine in bond, and

(3) Credit or refund of tax paid on wine returned to bond are contained in part 24 of title 27 CFR.

(e) Beer. Procedural instructions in respect of claims for refund or credit of tax which has been paid (or allowance, credit, or relief of tax liability if the tax has not been paid) on domestic beer returned to a brewery or voluntarily destroyed; or lost, whether by theft or otherwise, or destroyed or otherwise rendered unmerchantable by fire, casualty, or act of God are contained in part 25 of title 27 CFR.

(f) Distilled spirits, wines, or beer for export. Procedural instructions in respect of claims for:

(1) Drawback of internal revenue tax on distilled spirits, wines, or beer for export, use as supplies on certain vessels or aircraft, or deposit in a foreign-trade zone, or deposit of distilled spirits or wine in a customs bonded warehouse, and

(2) Remission of tax on distilled spirits, specially denatured spirits, wines, or beer, withdrawn without payment or free of tax and lost during transportation to the port of export, customs bonded warehouse (distilled spirits and wine only), manufacturing bonded warehouse, vessel or aircraft, or foreign-trade zone, as applicable, are contained in part 28 of title 27 CFR. Procedural instructions as to claims respecting export with benefit of drawback of tax on domestic distilled spirits products containing spirits from Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands are contained in parts 19 and 28 of title 27 CFR.

(g) Miscellaneous. Procedural instructions are contained in 27 CFR Part 70, subparts F and G in respect of claims for—

(1) Refund or credit of tax on distilled spirits, wines or beer where such refund or credit is claimed on the grounds that tax was assessed or collected erroneously, illegally, without authority, or in any manner wrongfully, or on the grounds that such amount was excessive, and where such refund or credit is subject to the limitations imposed by section 6423 of the Internal Revenue Code.

(2) Payment of an amount equal to the internal revenue tax paid or determined and customs duties paid on distilled spirits, wines, rectified products, and beer previously withdrawn, which were lost, rendered unmarketable, or condemned by a duly authorized official by reason of a major disaster occurring in the United States after June 30, 1959.

(h) [Reserved]

(i) Low wines at vinegar plants. Procedural instructions in respect of claims for remission of tax on low wines (distilled spirits) lost at vinegar plants producing vinegar by the vaporizing process are contained in part 19 of title 27 CFR.

(j) Distilled spirits used in nonbeverage products. Procedural instructions in respect of claims for drawback of excise tax, submitted by persons using distilled spirits in the manufacture of medicines, medicinal preparations, food products, flavors, flavoring extracts, or perfume, which are unfit for beverage purposes, are contained in part 17 of title 27 CFR.

(k) Reopening claims. A claimant who wishes to have a rejected claim reopened must, within the applicable statutory period of limitations, submit a written application to the officer who originally rejected the claim for reconsideration of the claim. Such application must show that the additional evidence to be presented is new and material, and that such evidence was unknown to the claimant, or unobtainable by the claimant, when the claim was previously under consideration.

(l) Claimant's rights under law and regulations. Before final action has been taken on a claim, a claimant who, by reason of an oversight, misunderstanding of law and regulations, miscalculation, or other cause, did not claim the full amount of abatement, refund, credit, or drawback, as the case may be, of tax to which the claimant is legitimately entitled, may amend a valid claim, and statements filed in support thereof, in instances where such a claim is deficient in establishing the claimants eligibility to the rights extended to such claimant under law and regulations.

Procedure in the case of offers in compromise of liabilities under 26 U.S.C. chapter 51 and of penalties for violation of the Federal Alcohol Administration Act, is set forth in §§ 70.482 through 70.484.

Any person who is an officer or director of a corporation now engaged in business as a distiller, rectifier, or blender of distilled spirits, or of an affiliate thereof, who desires to take office in other companies similarly engaged, must obtain permission to do so from the appropriate TTB officer. Applications for such permission to take office must be prepared and filed in accordance with instructions available from the appropriate TTB officer.

The procedure for rulings in alcohol tax matters is set forth in § 70.471.

Any person desiring a conference with TTB, relative to any matter arising in connection with such person's operations, will be accorded such a conference upon request. No formal requirements are prescribed for such conference.

Title 31 CFR part 8 is applicable to all representatives of the taxpayer, for any conference with TTB.

For forms to be used, see § 70.411(c).

Every person who sells, or offers for sale, any alcohol product (distilled spirits, wines, or beer) fit for beverage use must register with the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau. The specific requirements are contained in the following regulations:

(a) For proprietors of distilled spirits plants, parts 19 and 31 of this chapter;

(b) For bonded wineries, bonded wine cellars, bonded wine warehouses, and taxpaid wine bottling houses, parts 24 and 31 of this chapter;

(c) For brewers, parts 25 and 31 of this chapter;

(d) For persons bringing distilled spirits, wines, or beer from Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands to the United States, parts 26 and 31 of this chapter;

(e) For importers of distilled spirits, wines, or beer, parts 27 and 31 of this chapter; and

(f) For wholesalers and retailers of distilled spirits, wines, or beer, part 31 of this chapter.

For provisions regarding the registration of persons claiming drawback on distilled spirits used in the manufacture of certain nonbeverage products, see part 17 of this chapter.

(a) Taxes. Subchapter A of chapter 52 of the IRC imposes taxes on tobacco products, and cigarette papers and tubes manufactured in or imported into the United States. Occupational taxes are imposed by manufacturers of tobacco products, manufacturers of cigarette papers and tubes, and export warehouse proprietors. Subchapter D of chapter 78 of the Internal Revenue Code imposes a tax (equal to the internal revenue tax imposed in the United States upon the like articles of merchandise of domestic manufacture) on tobacco products, and cigarette papers and tubes of Puerto Rican and Virgin Islands manufacture brought into the United States and withdrawn for consumption or sale.

(b) Regulations. The procedural requirements with respect to matters relating to tobacco products, cigarette papers and tubes, and processed tobacco are contained in the regulations listed below:

(1) Part 71 of title 27 CFR relates to the procedure and practice in connection with the disapproval of applications for permits, and the suspension and revocation of permits, under chapter 52 of the Internal Revenue Code.

(2) Part 40 of title 27 CFR relates to the manufacture of tobacco products, cigarette papers and tubes, and processed tobacco, the payment of internal revenue taxes imposed by chapter 52 of the Internal Revenue Code on manufacturers of tobacco products and of cigarette papers and tubes, and the qualification of and operations by manufacturers of tobacco products, cigarette papers and tubes, and processed tobacco.

(3) Part 41 of title 27 CFR relates to tobacco products, cigarette papers and tubes, and processed tobacco imported into the United States from a foreign country or brought into the United States from Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, or a possession of the United States; the removal of cigars from a customs bonded manufacturing warehouse, Class 6; and the release of tobacco products, and cigarette papers and tubes from customs custody, without payment of internal revenue tax or customs duty attributable to the internal revenue tax.

(4) [Reserved]

(5) Part 44 of title 27 CFR relates to the exportation (including supplies for vessels and aircraft and transfers to a foreign-trade zone) of tobacco products, and cigarette papers and tubes, without payment of tax, or with benefit of drawback of tax, and the qualification of and operations by export warehouse proprietors.

(6) Part 45 of title 27 CFR relates to the removal of tobacco products, and cigarette papers and tubes, without payment of tax, for use of the United States.

(7) Part 46 of title 27 CFR relates to the provisions of a miscellaneous nature or not of continuing application. Included are regulations relating to:

(i) Limitations imposed by section 6423 of the Internal Revenue Code on the refund or credit of tax paid or collected on tobacco products, and cigarette papers and tubes;

(ii) Losses of tobacco products, and cigarette papers and tubes caused by disasters occurring in the United States on or after September 3, 1958;

(iii) Purchase, receipt, possession, offering for sale, or sale or other disposition of tobacco products by dealers in such products; and

(iv) Liability for special (occupational) tax, filing special tax returns, issuance and examination of special tax stamps, and notification of changes to special tax stamps.

(a) Manufacturers of tobacco products and proprietors of export warehouses. Every person, before commencing business as a manufacturer of tobacco products or as a proprietor of an export warehouse, is required to qualify with the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau by making application for a permit and filing bond and other required documents and obtaining a permit.

(b) Manufacturers of cigarette papers and tubes. Every person, before commencing business as a manufacturer of cigarette papers and tubes, is required to qualify with the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau by filing bond and other required documents.

(c) Puerto Rican manufacturers of tobacco products. Every manufacturer of tobacco products in Puerto Rico who desires to defer payment in Puerto Rico of the internal revenue tax imposed by section 7652(a) of the Internal Revenue Code on tobacco products of Puerto Rican manufacture coming into the United States must file a bond with the appropriate TTB officer. Such bond is conditioned on the principal's paying, at the time and in the manner prescribed in the regulations, the full amount of tax computed on the tobacco products which are released for shipment to the United States. No bond is required if the tax is prepaid.

(d) Proprietors of customs warehouses. Every proprietor of a customs bonded manufacturing warehouse, Class 6, who desires to remove under part 44 tax-exempt cigars for exportation (including supplies for vessels and aircraft), or for delivery for subsequent exportation, is required to file a bond. However, removal of cigars for sale or consumption in the United States is subject to customs regulations.

(e) Drawback of tax. Taxpaid tobacco products, and cigarette papers and tubes may be exported with benefit of drawback of tax. Drawback may be allowed only to the person who paid the tax on such articles and who files a claim and otherwise complies with the provisions contained in the applicable regulations referred to in § 70.431. As a condition precedent to the allowance of any drawback claim, the claimant is required to file a bond in an amount not less than the amount of tax covered in the claim.

(f) General. Detailed information relating to the qualification and bonding requirements, including the forms to be used and the procedure to be followed, is fully set forth in the regulations referred to in § 70.431.

(a) Tobacco products. Taxes on tobacco products are paid by the manufacturer on the basis of a return. If the manufacturer has filed a proper bond, such manufacturer may defer payment at the time of removal and file semimonthly returns to cover the taxes. If the manufacturer has not filed such a bond or if the manufacturer has defaulted in any way in paying the taxes, the manufacturer is required to file a prepayment return prior to removal of such products, and to continue so doing until the appropriate TTB officer finds that the revenue will not be jeopardized by deferred payment. Tax returns, with remittances, are filed by the domestic manufacturer in accordance with instructions on the appropriate TTB form. Taxes on cigars produced in a customs bonded manufacturing warehouse, Class 6, are paid on the basis of a return to the director of customs in accordance with customs procedures and regulations. Taxes on tobacco products imported or brought into the United States from a foreign country, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, or a possession of the United States are paid by the importer to the director of customs on the basis of a return made on the customs form by which release from customs custody is to be effected. However, taxes on tobacco products manufactured in Puerto Rico and brought into the United States may be prepaid in Puerto Rico on the basis of a return. If a Puerto Rican manufacturer has filed a proper bond, such manufacturer may defer payment at the time of release for shipment to the United States and file a semimonthly return to cover the taxes. If the manufacturer has not filed such a bond or if such manufacturer has defaulted in any way in payment of taxes, the manufacturer must file a prepayment return prior to removal of such products for shipment to the United States, and continue to do so until the appropriate TTB officer finds that the revenue will not be jeopardized by deferred payment. Tax returns, with remittances, are filed by the domestic manufacturer in accordance with instructions on the appropriate TTB form.

(b) Cigarette papers and tubes. Taxes on cigarette papers and tubes are paid by the manufacturer on the basis of a semimonthly return. Such returns, with remittances, are filed in accordance with the instructions on the appropriate TTB form. Taxes on cigarette papers and tubes imported or brought into the United States from a foreign country, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, or a possession of the United States are paid to the director of customs before removal on the basis of a return made on the customs form by which release from customs custody is effected. However, taxes on cigarette papers and tubes of Puerto Rican manufacture which are to be shipped to the United States may be prepaid in Puerto Rico on the basis of a return.

(c) Special tax. Special (occupational) taxes are paid by manufacturers of tobacco products, manufacturers of cigarette papers and tubes, and export warehouse proprietors on the basis of a return. Special tax stamps are issued to denote the payment of special (occupational) taxes.

(d) General. Detailed information about the payment of taxes on tobacco products, and cigarette papers and tubes, including the forms to be used, records to be kept, and reports and inventories to be filed, is contained in the respective regulations referred to in § 70.431.

When additional or delinquent tax liability on tobacco products, and cigarette papers and tubes is disclosed by an investigation or by an examination of the taxpayer's records, a notice (except where delay may jeopardize collection of the tax, or where the amount is nominal or the result of an evident mathematical error) is forwarded to the taxpayer indicating the basis for, and amount of, the liability and affording the taxpayer an opportunity to show cause, in writing, against assessment.

(a) General. Detailed requirements, including the procedure to be followed in the filing of a claim, the form to be used, the supporting documents which must be submitted, the time within which a claim must be filed, and any other limitations or instructions are contained in the applicable regulations referred to in § 70.431.

(b) Abatement of assessment. Abatement of the unpaid portion of an assessment of any tax on tobacco products, and cigarette papers and tubes, or any liability in respect thereof, may be allowed to the extent that such assessment is excessive in amount, is assessed after expiration of the applicable period of limitation, or is erroneously or illegally assessed.

(c) Allowance of tax. Relief from the payment of tax on tobacco products, and cigarette papers and tubes may be extended to a manufacturer by approval of a claim for allowance where such articles, after removal from the factory upon determination of tax and prior to the time for payment of such tax, are lost (otherwise than by theft) or destroyed by fire, casualty, or act of God, while in the possession or ownership of the manufacturer who removed such articles, or are withdrawn by the manufacturer from the market.

(d) Remission of tax liability. Remission of the tax liability on tobacco products, and cigarette papers and tubes may be extended to a manufacturer or export warehouse proprietor liable for the tax, where such articles in bond are lost (otherwise than by theft) or destroyed by fire, casualty, or act of God, while in the possession or ownership of the manufacturer or export warehouse proprietor.

(e) Refund of tax. Taxes paid on tobacco products, cigarette papers and tubes lost (otherwise than by theft) or destroyed by fire, casualty, or act of God, while in the possession or ownership of the manufacturer, importer, or export warehouse proprietor, or withdrawn from the market, may be refunded. Refunds may also be made within certain limitations for overpayments of tax on tobacco products, and cigarette papers and tubes.

(f) Losses caused by disaster. Payment of an amount equal to the amount of internal revenue taxes paid or determined and customs duties paid on tobacco products, and cigarette papers and tubes removed from the factory or released from customs custody, which are lost, rendered unmarketable, or condemned by a duly authorized official by reason of a “major disaster” as determined by the President of the United States may be made only if, at the time of the disaster, such articles were being held for sale by the claimant. Claims must be filed within 6 months from the date on which the President makes the determination that the disaster has occurred. The determination date is construed to mean the date the Director, Office of Emergency Preparedness, identifies the specific disaster area.

(g) Drawback of tax. Drawback may be allowed to the person who paid the tax on tobacco products, and cigarette papers and tubes which are shipped to a foreign country, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, or a possession of the United States.

(h) Credit of tax. Taxes paid on tobacco products, and cigarette papers and tubes lost (otherwise than by theft) or destroyed by fire, casualty, or act of God, while in the possession or ownership of the manufacturer, or withdrawn from the market, may be credited upon approval of a claim.

(i) Reopening claims. A claimant who wishes to have a rejected claim reopened must, within the applicable statutory period of limitations, submit a written application to the appropriate TTB officer for reconsideration of the claim. Such application must show that the additional evidence to be presented is new and material, and that such evidence was unknown to the claimant, or unobtainable by the claimant, when the claim was previously under consideration.

(j) Claimant's rights under law and regulations. Before final action has been taken on a claim, a claimant who, by reason of an oversight, misunderstanding of law and regulations, miscalculation, or other cause, did not claim the full amount of abatement, refund, credit, or drawback, as the case may be, of tax to which the claimant is legitimately entitled, may amend a valid claim, and statements filed in support thereof, in instances where such a claim is deficient in establishing the claimants eligibility to rights extended under law and regulations.

Procedure in the case of offers in compromise of liabilities under 26 U.S.C. chapter 52 is set forth in §§ 70.482 through 70.484.

The procedure for rulings in tobacco tax matters is set forth in § 70.471.

Detailed information as to all forms prescribed for use in connection with tobacco taxes is contained in the regulations referred to in § 70.431(b).

(a) Chapter 53 of the Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. 5801-5872), the provisions of which are derived from the National Firearms Act Amendments of 1968 (82 Stat. 1227), imposes a tax on the making and transfer in the United States of machine guns, destructive devices, and certain other types of firearms, and an occupational tax upon every importer and manufacturer of, and dealer in, such firearms. Section 1(b) (2) of the act of August 9, 1939 (52 Stat. 1291; 49 U.S.C. 781-788), makes provision for the seizure and forfeiture of vessels, vehicles, and aircraft which are used to transport, carry, or possess, or to facilitate the same, any firearms with respect to which there has been committed any violation of the National Firearms Act or any regulations issued pursuant thereto.

(b) Title I, State Firearms Control Assistance (18 U.S.C., Chapter 44), of the Gun Control Act of 1968 (82 Stat. 1213), as amended by Pub. L. 99-308 (100 Stat. 449), Pub. L. 99-360 (100 Stat. 766) and Pub. L. 99-408 (100 Stat. 920), provides for the licensing of manufacturers and importers of firearms and ammunition, collectors of firearms, and dealers in firearms, and establishes controls for firearms and ammunition acquisitions and dispositions.

(c) Title I, State Firearms Control Assistance (18 U.S.C. Chapter 44), of the Gun Control Act of 1968 (82 Stat. 1213) as amended by Pub. L. 99-308 (100 Stat. 449) and Pub. L. 99-360 (100 Stat. 766), provides that no person may ship or transport any firearms or ammunition in interstate or foreign commerce, or receive any firearms or ammunition which has been shipped or transported in interstate or foreign commerce, or possess any firearms or ammunition in or affecting commerce, who (1) has been convicted of a crime punishable by imprisonment for a term exceeding 1 year, (2) is a fugitive from justice, (3) is an unlawful user of or addicted to any controlled substance (as defined in section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act, 21 U.S.C. 802), (4) has been adjudicated as a mental defective or has been committed to a mental institution, (5) is an alien illegally or unlawfully in the United States, (6) has been discharged from the Armed Forces under dishonorable conditions, or (7) having been a citizen of the United States, has renounced citizenship.

(d) Section 38 of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2778) and regulations thereunder and 27 CFR part 447 are applicable to the registration and licensing of persons engaged in the business of manufacturing, importing or exporting arms, ammunition, or implements of war. The Secretary of the Treasury is authorized to control, in furtherance of world peace and the security and foreign policy of the United States, the import of articles enumerated on the U.S. Munitions Import List.

(e) Title XI, Regulation of Explosives (18 U.S.C. chapter 40) of the Organized Crime Control Act of 1970 (84 Stat. 922) provides for the licensing of manufacturers, importers, and limited manufacturers of, and dealers in, explosives in interstate or foreign commerce, and for issuance of permits for users who buy or transport explosives in interstate or foreign commerce.

(f) Chapter 32 of the Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. 4181), imposes a tax upon the sale by the manufacturer, producer, or importer of pistols, revolvers, firearms (other than pistols and revolvers), and shells and cartridges.

Part 479 of title 27 CFR contains the regulations relative to the:

(a) Payment of special (occupational) taxes by manufacturers and importers of and dealers in, machine guns, destructive devices, and certain other types of firearms,

(b) Payment of the tax on the making or transfer of such firearms,

(c) Registration, identification, importation, and exportation of such firearms,

(d) Keeping of books and records and rendering of returns, and

(e) The forfeiture and disposition of seized firearms under the provisions of the National Firearms Act.

(a) Commerce in firearms and ammunition. (1) 27 CFR part 478 contains the regulations relative to:

(i) The licensing of importers and manufacturers of firearms and ammunition, collectors of firearms, and dealers in firearms,

(ii) The identification of firearms,

(iii) The acquisition and disposition of firearms and ammunition,

(iv) The records required to be kept by licensees, and

(v) The forfeiture and disposition of seized firearms and ammunition, under the provisions of title I of the Gun Control Act of 1968, as amended, and also

(vi) The restrictions regarding the receipt, possession, or transportation of firearms by certain persons.

(b) Firearms and ammunition excise taxes. (1) 27 CFR part 53 contains the regulations relative to:

(i) Payment of excise tax on the sale of pistols, revolvers, firearms (other than pistols and revolvers), shells and cartridges,

(ii) Establishing constructive sales price,

(iii) Registration for tax free sales,

(iv) Keeping of records and rendering of returns, and

(v) The exportation or use in further manufacture of tax-paid articles.

Part 447 of title 27 CFR implements Executive Order 11958 and supplements the import provisions contained in parts 478 and 479 of title 27 CFR. Part 447 establishes the U.S. Munitions Import List and contains the regulations relative to:

(a) The registration of importers in arms, ammunition, and implements of war,

(b) Import permit requirements,

(c) Import certification and verification,

(d) Import restrictions applicable to certain countries, and

(e) The forfeiture of seized arms, ammunition, and implements of war under the Arms Export Control Act.

Part 555 of title 27 CFR contains the regulations relative to:

(a) Licensing of manufacturers, importers, and limited manufacturers of, and dealers in, explosives,

(b) Permits for users who buy or transport explosives in interstate or foreign commerce,

(c) Construction of different types of storage facilities for three classes of explosive material,

(d) The identification of explosives,

(e) The acquisition and disposition of explosives,

(f) The records required to be kept by licensees and permittees,

(g) The forfeiture and disposition of seized explosive material, under the provision of Title XI of the Organized Crime Control Act of 1970,

(h) Operations by licensees or permittees and hearings procedure after denial or revocation of license or permit, and also

(i) Restrictions regarding the receipt, possession, or transportation of explosives by certain persons under the provisions of Title XI of the Organized Crime Control Act of 1970.

The procedure for rulings in the firearms and explosives area is set forth in § 70.471.

Where the evidence disclosed by investigation establishes that additional or delinquent tax liability has been incurred and not paid, the appropriate TTB officer will list the tax as an assessment. Notification and demand for payment of assessed taxes will be issued to the taxpayer by the appropriate TTB officer.

(a) The procedures applicable to the filing of claims under chapter 53 of the Internal Revenue Code are set forth below:

(1) Claims for refund of the making and transfer taxes, and of occupational taxes, whether paid pursuant to assessment or voluntarily paid, and claims for redemption of “National Firearms Act” stamps, are prepared and filed in accordance with the procedures set forth in 27 CFR part 479.

(2) Claims for abatement of making and transfer taxes, and claims for abatement of occupational taxes and penalties erroneously assessed, are prepared and filed in accordance with the procedures set forth in § 70.413(b).

(3) Claims may be reopened or amended in accordance with the provisions of § 70.414 (k) and (l).

(b) The procedures applicable to the filing of claims relating to the tax imposed by section 4181 of the Internal Revenue Code are set forth below:

(1) Claims for credit or refund of manufacturers taxes, whether paid pursuant to assessment of voluntarily paid, are prepared and filed in accordance with the procedures set forth in § 70.123 and 27 CFR 53.171 through 53.186. For regulations under section 6416 of the Internal Revenue Code, relating to conditions to allowance and other procedural requirements, see 27 CFR 53.172 through 53.186.

(2) Claims for abatement of manufacturers taxes are to be prepared and filed in accordance with § 70.125.

(3) Claims may be reopened or amended in accordance with the provisions of § 70.414 (k) and (l).

The procedures in the case of offers in compromise of liabilities under 26 U.S.C. 4181 and chapter 53 are set forth in §§ 70.482 and 70.484.

Part 72 of title 27 CFR contains the regulations relative to the personal property seized by officers of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms as subject to forfeiture as being used, or intended to be used, to violate certain Federal laws; the remission or mitigation of such forfeiture; and the administrative sale or other disposition, pursuant to forfeiture, of such seized property other than firearms seized under the National Firearms Act and firearms and ammunition seized under Title I of the Gun Control Act of 1968, as amended. For disposal of firearms under the National Firearms Act, see 26 U.S.C. 5872(b). For disposal of firearms and ammunition under Title I of the Gun Control Act of 1968, see 18 U.S.C. 924(d). For disposal of explosives under Title XI of Organized Crime Control Act of 1970, see 18 U.S.C. 844(c).

For regulations under 26 U.S.C. 7652, see 27 CFR part 26 relating to liquors and articles from Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands; and 27 CFR part 41 relating to cigars, cigarettes, and cigarette papers and tubes.

For regulations under 26 U.S.C. 7653, see 27 CFR part 28 relating to exportation of liquors; and 27 CFR part 44, relating to exportation of cigars, cigarettes, and cigarette papers and tubes.

(a) Requests for rulings. Any person who is in doubt as to any matter arising in connection with the following may request a ruling thereon by addressing a letter to the appropriate TTB officer:

(1) Operations or transactions in the alcohol tax area (26 U.S.C. chapter 51), the Federal Alcohol Administration Act (27 U.S.C. chapter 8, including the Alcohol Beverage Labeling Act of 1988), or the Webb-Kenyon Act (27 U.S.C. 122);

(2) Operations or transactions in the tobacco tax area (26 U.S.C. chapter 52);

(3) Operations or transactions in the firearms and ammunition manufacturers excise tax area (26 U.S.C. 4181-4182);

(4) Subchapters F and G of chapter 32 of the IRC insofar as they relate to activities administered and enforced with respect to sections 4181 and 4182 of the IRC; and

(5) Subtitle F of the IRC insofar as it relates to any of the foregoing.

(b) Routine requests for information. Routine requests for information should be addressed to the appropriate TTB officer.

(c) Matters under ATF jurisdiction. For rulings on matters under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (Department of Justice), contact the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, Office of Public and Governmental Affairs, 99 New York Avenue, NE., Washington, DC 20226, or view the contact information posted online at https://www.atf.gov/contact.

(a) Authorization of agreements. The appropriate TTB officer, is authorized to enter into written agreements with any taxpayer under which such taxpayer is allowed to satisfy liability for payment of any tax in installment payments if the appropriate TTB officer determines that such agreement will facilitate collection of such liability.

(b) Extent to which agreements remain in effect—(1) In general. Except as otherwise provided in this paragraph (b), any agreement under paragraph (a) of this section shall remain in effect for the term of the agreement.

(2) Inadequate information or jeopardy. The officer who entered into an installment agreement under paragraph (a) of this section may terminate such agreement if:

(i) Information which the taxpayer provided prior to the date such agreement was entered into was inaccurate or incomplete, or

(ii) The appropriate TTB officer believes that collection of any tax to which an agreement under this section relates is in jeopardy.

(3) Subsequent change in financial conditions—(i) In general. If the officer who entered into an installment agreement under paragraph (a) of this section makes a determination that the financial condition of the taxpayer has significantly changed, the officer may alter, modify, or terminate such agreement.

(ii) Notice. Action may be taken by the appropriate TTB officer under paragraph (b)(3)(i) of this section only if:

(A) Notice of such determination is provided to the taxpayer no later than 30 days prior to the date of such action, and

(B) Such notice includes the reasons why the officer believes a significant change in the financial condition of the taxpayer has occurred.

(4) Failure to pay an installment or any other tax liability when due or to provide requested financial information. The officer who entered into an installment agreement under paragraph (a) of this section may alter, modify, or terminate such agreement in the case of the failure of the taxpayer:

(i) To pay an installment at the time such installment payment is due under such agreement,

(ii) To pay any other tax liability at the time such liability is due, or

(iii) To provide a financial condition update as requested by the appropriate TTB officer.

(a) In general. The appropriate TTB officer may compromise any civil or criminal liability arising under the provisions of 26 U.S.C. enforced and administered by TTB prior to reference of a case involving such liability to the Department of Justice for prosecution or defense. (For compromise of forfeiture liability, see § 70.484 of this part.) Any such liability may be compromised only upon one or both of the following two grounds:

(1) Doubt as to liability; or

(2) Doubt as to collectability.

(b) Scope of compromise agreement. A compromise agreement may relate to civil or criminal liability for taxes, interest, ad valorem penalties, or specific penalties. However, a criminal liability may be compromised only if it involves a violation of a regulatory provision of 26 U.S.C., or a related statute, and then only if such violation was not deliberately committed with an intent to defraud.

(c) Effect of compromise agreement. A compromise agreement relates to the entire liability of the taxpayer (including taxes, ad valorem penalties, and interest) with respect to which the offer in compromise is submitted and all questions of such liability are conclusively settled thereby. Specific penalties, however, shall be compromised separately and not in connection with taxes, interest, or ad valorem penalties. Neither the taxpayer nor the Government shall, upon acceptance of an offer in compromise, be permitted to reopen the case except by reason of falsification or concealment of assets by the taxpayer, or mutual mistake of a material fact sufficient to cause a contract to be reformed or set aside. However, acceptance of an offer in compromise of a civil liability does not remit a criminal liability, nor does acceptance of an offer in compromise of a criminal liability remit a civil liability.

(d) Procedure with respect to offers in compromise—(1) Submission of offers. (i) Offers in compromise under this section shall be submitted on TTB Form 5640.1, along with any additional information required by the officer authorized to accept or reject the offer. If the offer in compromise is based on inability to pay, the proponent must submit any financial statement required by such officer.

(ii) The offer should generally be accompanied by a remittance representing the amount of the compromise offer or a deposit if the offer provides for future installment payments. When final action has been taken, the proponent is notified of the acceptance or rejection of the offer.

(2) Stay of collection. The submission of an offer in compromise shall not automatically operate to stay the collection of any tax liability. However, enforcement of collection may be deferred if the interests of the United States will not be jeopardized thereby.

(3) Acceptance. An offer in compromise shall be considered accepted only when the proponent thereof is so notified in writing. As a condition to accepting an offer in compromise, the taxpayer may be required to enter into any collateral agreement or to post any security which is deemed necessary for the protection of the interests of the United States. If the final payment on an accepted offer is contingent upon the immediate or simultaneous release of a tax lien in whole or in part, such payment must be in cash, or in the form of a certified, cashier's, or treasurer's check drawn on any bank or trust company incorporated under the laws of the United States or any State, Territory, or possession of the United States, or by a U.S. postal, bank, express, or telegraph money order.

(4) Withdrawal or rejection. An offer in compromise may be withdrawn by the proponent at any time prior to its acceptance. In the event an offer is rejected, the proponent shall be promptly notified in writing. Frivolous offers or offers submitted for the purpose of delaying the collection of tax liabilities shall be immediately rejected. If an offer in compromise is withdrawn or rejected, the amount tendered with the offer, including all installments paid, shall be refunded without interest, unless the taxpayer has stated or agreed that the amount tendered may be applied to the liability with respect to which the offer was submitted.

(e) Record. Except as otherwise provided in this paragraph, if an offer in compromise is accepted, there shall be placed on file the opinion of counsel for the Bureau with respect to such compromise, with the reason therefor, and including a statement of:

(1) The amount of tax assessed,

(2) The amount of interest, additional amount, addition to the tax, or assessable penalty, imposed by law on the person against whom the tax is assessed, and

(3) The amount actually paid in accordance with the terms of the compromise.

(f) Requirement with respect to statute of limitations. No offer in compromise shall be accepted unless the taxpayer waives the running of the statutory period of limitations on both or either assessment or collection of the tax liability involved for the period during which the offer is pending, or the period during which any installment remains unpaid, and for one year thereafter.

(g) Inspection with respect to accepted offers in compromise. For provisions relating to the inspection of returns and accepted offers in compromise, see 26 U.S.C. 6103(k)(l).

The Federal Alcohol Administration Act provides penalties for violations of its provisions. The appropriate TTB officer is authorized to compromise such liabilities. Persons desiring to submit offers in compromise may submit such offers on Form 5640.2. When the offer is acted upon, the proponent is notified of the acceptance or rejection of the offer. If the offer is rejected, the sum submitted with the offer in compromise is returned to the proponent. If the offer is accepted, the proponent is notified and the case is closed.

The appropriate TTB officer is authorized to compromise liabilities to administrative forfeiture of personal property seized under the laws administered and enforced by the Bureau. Persons desiring to submit offers in compromise of such liabilities may submit such offers on Form 656-E to the appropriate TTB officer. When the offer is acted upon, the proponent is notified of the acceptance or rejection of the offer. If the offer is rejected, the sum submitted with the offer in compromise is returned to the proponent. If the offer is accepted, the proponent is notified and the case is closed. Acceptance of an offer in compromise of civil liabilities does not remit criminal liabilities, nor does acceptance of an offer in compromise of criminal liabilities remit civil liabilities.

(a) In general. The appropriate TTB officer may enter into a written agreement with any person relating to the liability of such person (or of the person or estate for whom the person acts) in respect of any tax imposed under the provisions of 26 U.S.C. enforced and administered by the Bureau for any taxable period ending prior or subsequent to the date of such agreement. A closing agreement may be entered into in any case in which there appears to be an advantage in having the case permanently and conclusively closed, or if good and sufficient reasons are shown by the taxpayer for desiring a closing agreement and it is determined by the appropriate TTB officer that the United States will sustain no disadvantage through consummation of such an agreement.

(b) Scope of closing agreement—(1) In general. A closing agreement may be executed even though under the agreement the taxpayer is not liable for any tax for the period to which the agreement relates. There may be a series of closing agreements relating to the tax liability for a single period.

(2) Taxable periods ended prior to date of closing agreement. Closing agreements with respect to taxable periods which ended prior to the date of the agreement may relate to the total tax liability of the taxpayer or to one or more separate items affecting the tax liability of the taxpayer.

(3) Taxable periods ending subsequent to date of closing agreement. Closing agreements with respect to taxable periods ending subsequent to the date of the agreement may relate to one or more separate items affecting the tax liability of the taxpayer.

(c) Finality. A closing agreement which is approved within such time as may be stated in such agreement, or later agreed to, shall be final and conclusive, and, except upon a showing of fraud or malfeasance, or misrepresentation of a material fact:

(1) The case shall not be reopened as to the matters agreed upon or the agreement modified by any officer, employee, or agent of the United States, and

(2) In any suit, action, or proceeding, such agreement, or any determination, assessment, collection, payment, abatement, refund, or credit made in accordance therewith, shall not be annulled, modified, set aside, or disregarded.

(d) Procedure with respect to closing agreements—(1) Submission of request. A request for a closing agreement which relates to a prior taxable period may be submitted at any time before a case with respect to the tax liability involved is filed with a court of the United States. The procedure with respect to requests for closing agreements shall be under such rules as may be prescribed from time to time by the Administrator in accordance with the regulations under this section.

(2) Collection, credit, or refund. Any tax or deficiency in tax determined pursuant to a closing agreement shall be assessed and collected, and any overpayment determined pursuant thereto shall be credited or refunded, in accordance with the applicable provisions of law.

If at any step in the collection process a taxpayer does not agree with a TTB employee under the authority of the appropriate TTB officer, the taxpayer has the right to discuss the matter with the employee's immediate supervisor. The TTB employee will give the taxpayer the name and telephone number of the person to be contacted.